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Xuanfu Garrison
The Xuanfu Garrison () was one of the Nine Garrisons established by the Ming dynasty to defend the northern border and Great Wall of China. The area of responsibility was the defense of the outer stretch of the Great Wall, spanning from Juyong Pass north of Beijing to Huai'an, located 40 km west of Zhangjiakou in Hebei. Due to its strategic location northwest of Beijing, the wall in the Xuanfu Garrison was reinforced and often consisted of several parallel layers, including the strategic passage of Dajingmen north of Zhangjiakou. In total, the Xuanfu Garrison was responsible for 510 km of the Great Wall. The garrison was established during the reign of the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424). Its headquarters were located near present-day Xuanhua, 20 km southeast of Zhangjiakou. The wall belonging to the Xuanfu Garrison was built in the mid-16th century in response to repeated attacks by the Mongols, led by Altan Khan. The Xuanfu Garrison was under the command of Xuanda. To the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yongle Emperor
The Yongle Emperor (2 May 1360 – 12 August 1424), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Chengzu of Ming, personal name Zhu Di, was the third List of emperors of the Ming dynasty, emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1402 to 1424. He was the fourth son of the Hongwu Emperor, the founding emperor of the dynasty. In 1370, Zhu Di was granted the title of Prince of Yan. By 1380, he had relocated to Beijing and was responsible for protecting the northeastern borderlands. In the 1380s and 1390s, he proved himself to be a skilled military leader, gaining popularity among soldiers and achieving success as a statesman. In 1399, he rebelled against his nephew, the Jianwen Emperor, and launched a civil war known as the Jingnan campaign, or the campaign to clear away disorders. After three years of intense fighting, he emerged victorious and declared himself emperor in 1402. After ascending the throne, he adopted the Chinese era name, era name Yongle, which means "perpetual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of The Ming Dynasty
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily Weapon, armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstructi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Great Wall Of China
The history of the Great Wall of China began when fortifications built by various states during the Spring and Autumn (771–476BC) and Warring States periods (475–221BC) were connected by the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, to protect his newly founded Qin dynasty (221–206BC) against incursions by nomads from Inner Asia. The walls were built of rammed earth, constructed using forced labour, and by 212 BC ran from Gansu to the coast of southern Manchuria. Later dynasties adopted different policies towards northern frontier defense. The Han (202BC – 220AD), the Northern Qi (550–574), the Jurchen-ruled Jin (1115–1234), and particularly the Ming (1369–1644) were among those that rebuilt, re-manned, and expanded the Walls, although they rarely followed Qin's routes. The Han extended the fortifications furthest to the west, the Qi built about of new walls, while the Sui mobilised over a million men in their wall-building efforts. Conversely, the Tang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Datong Garrison
The Datong Garrison () was one of the Nine Garrisons established by the Ming dynasty to defend the northern border and Great Wall of China. The area of responsibility was to defend the outer stretch of the Great Wall, starting from Piantou Pass on the Yellow River and extending northeast to Shahukou. It then continued further east, reaching north of Datong and ending at Huai'an, which is located 40 km west of Zhangjiakou in Hebei, where it joined the wall under the Xuanfu Garrison. The wall that belonged to the Datong Garrison was constructed in the mid-16th century in response to repeated attacks by the Mongols, led by Altan Khan. In total, the Datong Garrison was responsible for 330 km of the Great Wall. The garrison was under the command of Xuanda, and its headquarters were located in present-day Datong, Shanxi. To the east, the Datong Garrison shared a border with the Xuanfu Garrison, and to the west, it bordered the Yansui Garrison. See also * Nine Garrisons of the Min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jizhou Garrison
The Jizhou Garrison (), also known as Ji, was one of the Nine Garrisons established during the Ming dynasty. It was under the command of Jiliao. The garrison was established during the reign of the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424). Its headquarters likely located at Santunying, northwest of Qianxi in Hebei. The garrison's main responsibility was to defend the Great Wall of China in the Yan Mountains, stretching from Shanhai Pass in the east to the Juyong Pass north of Beijing. The section of the Great Wall under the jurisdiction of the Jizhou garrison was divided into 11 sections and 27 sub-sections. These included well-known sections such as Badaling, Shui Pass, Huanghuacheng, Jiankou, Mutianyu, Baimaguan Fort, Gubeikou, Jinshanling, Simatai, and Huangya Pass. The garrison was responsible for a total of 600 or possibly 700 kilometers of the wall. As the capital city of Beijing was located south of the garrison's defensive line, the wall in this area held great strategic impor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altan Khan
Altan Khan of the Tümed (2 January 1508 – 13 January 1582; ; Chinese: 阿勒坦汗), whose given name was Anda ( Mongolian: Алтан (Аньда); Chinese: 俺答), was the leader of the Tümed Mongols de facto ruler of the Right Wing, or western tribes, of the Mongols, and the first Ming Shunyi King (順義王). He was the grandson of Dayan Khan (1464–1543), a descendant of Kublai Khan (1215–1294), who had managed to unite a tribal league between the Khalkha Mongols in the north and the Chahars (Tsakhars) to the south. His name means "Golden Khan" in the Mongolian language. Consolidation of power Borjigin Barsboladiin Altan was the second son of Bars Bolud Jinong, and a grandson of Batumongke Dayan Khan who had re-unified the Mongolian nobility in an attempt to regain the glory of the Yuan dynasty. Altan Khan ruled the Tümed and belonged to the Right Wing of the Mongols along with his elder brother Gün Bilig, who ruled the Ordos. After Gün Bilig's death ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by population density, most sparsely populated sovereign state. Mongolia is the world's largest landlocked country that does not border an Endorheic basin, inland sea, and much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and List of cities in Mongolia, largest city, is home to roughly half of the country's population. The territory of modern-day Mongolia has been ruled by various nomadic empires, including the Xiongnu, the Xianbei, the Rouran, the First Turkic Khaganate, the Second Turkic Khaganate, the Uyghur Khaganate and others. In 1206, Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire, which became the largest List of largest empires, contiguous land empire i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xuanhua, Zhangjiakou
Xuanhua is an urban district of Zhangjiakou in northwestern Hebei Province, China. Xuanhua is a very old city with a rich military and agricultural history. Xuanhua was historically the "Gateway to Beijing", which lies to its southeast. As a city with a large garrison close to the capital, it was strategically vital. It now has a population of 274,000 people. In modern times it has also become an industrial area, and now contains a high-tech development zone where new developments are being promoted by the government of Hebei Province.Nice. History The remains of the Kingdom of Yan era city of Zaoyang (造陽) can be located in the northeast of Xuanhua District. Xuanhua is home to a Liao (10th-12th c.) tomb with a colored star atlas painted with 268 stars including the sun, the moon, and the five planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. In the late 14th century, prior to his elevation to emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di ruled his principality of Yan from Xuanhua. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dajingmen
Dajingmen (), also known as Dajing Gate, is an important junction of the Great Wall of China in the prefecture-level city of Zhangjiakou within the Chinese province of Hebei. Dajingmen was built in 1644 in the first year of the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor in the Qing Dynasty The gate is 12 metres high, 9 metres wide, and 13 metres deep. Above the gate is a terrace measuring 12 by 7.5 metres. The wall above the gate is topped by towers, which are accompanied by a parapet wall on the side. The inscription 大好河山 ("Magnificent Rivers and Mountains") found over the lintel was mounted in traditional Han-Style in 1927 on the initiative of Gao Weiyue (), the ruler of the former province of Chahar (now Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of China. Its border includes two-thirds of the length of China's China–Mongolia border, border with the country of Mongolia. ...). Just to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebei
Hebei is a Provinces of China, province in North China. It is China's List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, sixth-most populous province, with a population of over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. It borders Shanxi to the west, Henan to the south, Shandong and Liaoning to the east, and Inner Mongolia to the north; in addition, Hebei entirely surrounds the direct-administered municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin on land. Its population is 96% Han Chinese, 3% Manchu people, Manchu, 0.8% Hui people, Hui, and 0.3% Mongols in China, Mongol. Varieties of Chinese spoken include Jilu Mandarin, the Beijing dialect of Mandarin, and Jin Chinese. During the Spring and Autumn period, Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (771–226 BC), the region was ruled by the states of Yan (state), Yan and Zhao (state), Zhao. During the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), the region was called Zhongshu Sheng, Zhongshu. It was called North Zhili during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
