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Xu Jie (Ming Dynasty)
Xu Jie (1512–1583), courtesy name Zisheng, art names Shaohu and Cunzai, was a Chinese scholar-official during the Ming dynasty. He held a high position in the court of the Jiajing Emperor in the mid-16th century, serving as minister of rites from 1549 to 1552, and later as grand secretary and head of the Grand Secretariat from 1562 to 1568. He came from a modest family, relying on the income from a silk factory. His father held lower-level official positions, but he prioritized his son's education in Confucianism, which ultimately proved to be a wise investment for the family. Xu Jie excelled in the civil service examinations, achieving the highest level, the palace examination, at the age of eighteen in 1523. He was accepted into the Hanlin Academy, and unlike many of his colleagues, he avoided being caught up in the purges during the Great Rites Controversy between the Jiajing Emperor and the government. In 1524, he chose to stay at home to mourn his father's death, which spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuyi County, Zhejiang
Wuyi County () is a county in southwest-central Zhejiang province, China. It is under the administration of Jinhua city. It is rich in Fluorite and hot spring resorts. The local government is located in Lushan avenue. Geography The north and west sides of Wuyi are surrounded by mountains. The most important one, called Niutoushan is high. History At the Spring and Autumn period, Autumn period in Chinese history, Wuyi belonged to Yue (state), Yue. During the Qin dynasty until the Han dynasty, it belonged to Wushang. In 691, it was renamed as Wuyi. In 1958, Suanping county became a part of Wuyi, increasing the importance of the city. Administrative divisions Subdistricts: *Baiyang Subdistrict (白洋街道), Hushan Subdistrict (壶山街道), Shuxi Subdistrict (熟溪街道) Towns: *Lütan (履坦镇), Tongqin (桐琴镇), Wangzhai (王宅镇), Taoxi, Zhejiang, Taoxi (桃溪镇), Quanxi (泉溪镇), Xinzhai, Zhejiang, Xinzhai (新宅镇), Jiaodao (茭道镇), Liucheng Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fei Hong
Fei Hong (1468–1535), courtesy name Zichong, art names Jianzhai and Ehu, was a Chinese scholar-official during the Ming dynasty. He served in high-ranking positions in the central government during the reigns of the Zhengde and Jiajing emperors in the early 16th century, including grand secretary and head of the Grand Secretariat from 1524 to 1526. Fei Hong was born in 1468 in Yanshan, located in the northeastern region of the southern Chinese province of Jiangxi. He received a Confucian education and successfully passed the civil service examinations. In 1487, at the age of 19, he achieved the highest level of the examinations, known as the palace examination, in Beijing. He was not only the youngest candidate to pass, but also ranked first among all candidates. Following his success, he began his civil service career as a compiler at the Hanlin Academy. In 1511, Fei Hong was promoted to the rank of grand secretary. However, after three years, he was dismissed and retired to hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Tinghe
Yang Tinghe (; 15 October 1459 – 25 July 1529), style name Jiefu, was a Grand Secretary in the Ming dynasty under the Zhengde (Wuzong) and Jiajing (Shizong) emperors. Yang was born and died in Xindu, Sichuan province, China. Biography Yang Tinghe earned the Jinshi degree in the imperial examination in 1478 at the age of 19. After the death of the Zhengde Emperor in 1521, Yang became the ''de facto'' policymaker of the imperial government for 37 days. He conducted a series of reforms in these 37 days, abolished many unpopular legacies of Wuzong, including the arrest of his favorite, general Jiang Bin. in the ''Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368-1644, Volume 2'', p. 232 Yang played an important role in choosing the young Zhu Houcong (then Prince Xing and a cousin of the late Zhengde) as the next emperor. After Zhu Houcong wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beijing
Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as China's List of cities in China by population, second largest city by urban area after Shanghai. It is located in North China, Northern China, and is governed as a Direct-administered municipalities of China, municipality under the direct administration of the Government of the People's Republic of China, State Council with List of administrative divisions of Beijing, 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts.Figures based on 2006 statistics published in 2007 National Statistical Yearbook of China and available online at archive. Retrieved 21 April 2009. Beijing is mostly surrounded by Hebei Province and neighbors Tianjin to the southeast; together, the three divisions form the Jing-Jin-Ji, Jing-Jin-Ji cluster. Beijing is a global city and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xin (heart-mind)
In Chinese philosophy and East Asian thought more generally, ''xin'' (, Vietnamese: tâm, Japanese: jin) refers to the "heart" and "mind". Literally, ''xin'' refers to the physical heart, though it also refers to the "mind" as the ancient Chinese believed the heart was the center of human cognition. However, emotion and reason were not considered as separate, but rather as coextensive; ''xin'' is as much cognitive as emotional, being simultaneously associated with thought and feeling. For these reasons, it is also often translated as "heart-mind". It has a connotation of intention, yet can be used to refer to long-term goals. Confucianism Xunzi, an important early Confucian thinker, considered ''xin'' () to be cultivated during one's life, in contrast to innate qualities of ''xing'' (), or human nature. Daoism A Daoist view described by Zhuang Zhou, describes ''xin'' () as being socialised, with environmental pressures influencing personal intentions, sometimes in such a wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy, Religious Confucianism, religion, theory of government, or way of life. Founded by Confucius in the Hundred Schools of Thought era (c. 500 BCE), Confucianism integrates philosophy, ethics, and social governance, with a core focus on virtue, Harmonious Society, social harmony, and Filial piety, familial responsibility. Confucianism emphasizes virtue through self-cultivation and communal effort. Key virtues include ''Ren (philosophy), ren'' (benevolence), ''Yi (philosophy), yi'' (righteousness), ''Li (Confucianism), li'' (propriety), ''Wisdom, zhi'' (wisdom), and ''Xin (virtue), xin'' (sincerity). These values, deeply tied to the notion of ''tian'' (heaven), present a worldview where human relationships and social order are manifestations of sacred moral principles.. While Confucianism does not emphasize an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Juzheng
Zhang Juzheng (26 May 1525 – 9 July 1582), courtesy name Shuda, art name Taiyue, also known as Zhang Jiangling, was a prominent Grand Secretariat, grand secretary during the reigns of Ming emperors Longqing Emperor, Longqing and Wanli Emperor, Wanli. In 1547, he passed the highest level of official examinations and was granted the rank of ''jinshi''. He then served at the Hanlin Academy. In 1567, he was appointed as the grand secretary to the Longqing Emperor, and upon the ascension of the Wanli Emperor in 1572, he became the head of the grand secretaries. During the early years of the Wanli Emperor's reign, Zhang Juzheng played a crucial role as the emperor's mentor and ''de facto'' ruler of China due to the emperor's immaturity. His decisive foreign and economic policies led to one of the most successful periods in the Ming history. Influenced by the Mongol raids of the 1550s, Zhang Juzheng aimed to "enrich the country and strengthen the army" through legalistic methods rathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiangnan
Jiangnan is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of its delta. The region encompasses the city of Shanghai, the southern part of Jiangsu Province, the southeastern part of Anhui Province, the northern part of Jiangxi Province and Zhejiang Province. The most important cities in the area include Anqing, Changzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Wenzhou, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang. Jiangnan has long been regarded as one of the most prosperous regions in China due to its wealth in trade and very high human development. Most people of the region speak Wu Chinese dialects as their native languages. Etymology The name Jiangnan is the pinyin romanization of the Standard Mandarin pronunciation of , meaning " andsSouth of the [Yangtze] River". Although ''jiang'' () is now the common Chinese word for any large river, it was historically used in Ancient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guozijian
The Guozijian,Yuan, 194. sometimes translated as the Imperial College, Imperial Academy, Imperial University, National Academy, or National University, was the highest level academic and educational institution throughout most of imperial China's history. It was created under the reign of Emperor Wu of Jin (r. 265–289) and became the highest level academic institution in China over the next 200 years. After the demise of the Song dynasty (960–1279), it became synonymous with the previous highest level academic institution, the '' Taixue''. The Guozijian was abolished in 1907 during the Qing dynasty. History Origin The Guozijian (''Directorate of Education'') was founded under Emperor Wu of Jin (r. 265–289) to educate the nobility. After the nine rank system was introduced for grading bureaucrats in the Chinese government, the Guozijian was created for persons rank five and above, effectively making it the educational institution for nobles, while the Taixue was releg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiangxi
; Gan: ) , translit_lang1_type2 = , translit_lang1_info2 = , translit_lang1_type3 = , translit_lang1_info3 = , image_map = Jiangxi in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_caption = Location of Jiangxi in China , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = China , named_for = Jiangnanxi Circuit () , seat_type = Capital , seat = Nanchang , seat1_type = Largest city , seat1 = Ganzhou , parts_type = Divisions , parts_style = para , p1 = 11 prefectures , p2 = 99 counties , p3 = 1549 townships , government_type = Province , governing_body = Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress , leader_title = Party Secretary , leader_name = Yin Hong , leader_title1 = Congress chairman , leader_name1 = Yin Hong , leader_title2 = Governor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
