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Xiangfen
Xiangfen County () is a county in the southwest of Shanxi Province, China. It was established in February 1954 from the merger of the former Xiangling County () and Fencheng County (). The county falls under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Linfen, and has an area of and has 442,614 inhabitants. Taosi archeological site is in Xiangfen County. Administrative divisions Xiangfen County has jurisdiction over seven towns and six townships. These towns and townships are then further divided into 6 neighborhood committees, and 348 village committees. The county's seven towns are , , , , , , and . The county's six townships are Taosi Township, , , , , and . Climate Economy The county has vast mineral deposits, including 2.8 billion tons of proven coal reserves, 371 million tons of gypsum, and 30 million tons of iron ore. Other mined resources include dolomite, gold, silver, and copper. The county's heavy industries produce a number of industrial resources, such as ...
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Dingcun
Dingcun () is an old village located in Xincheng (), Xiangfen County, approximately 28 kilometers south of Linfen, in southern Shanxi Province, China. Site description Historical residential courtyards in Dingcun consist of a number of "foursquare" courtyards with buildings on the four directions including the main halls, the wing rooms along the east and west sides, the corridors and the entrance gateways. It has totally 40 complete sets of "four-square" courtyards 598.5 jian (Jian: the smallest unit of a building, approximately 15 square meters each) rooms and covers an area of 48000 square meters. History The earliest courtyards were built in the 21st year in the reign of the Wanli Emperor (1593) of the Ming dynasty and the latest ones were of early republican period. Generally speaking, the total structure can be divided into three sections, the north courtyards, the middle courtyards and the south courtyards. These three sections respectively consisted of buildings of th ...
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Linfen
Linfen is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Shanxi province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the west. It is situated along the banks of the Fen River. It has an area of and according to the 2020 Census, a population of 3,976,481 inhabitants of which 959,198 live in the built-up (or metro) area made up of Yaodu urban district. The GDP of Linfen ranked second in Shanxi Province. It was known as Pingyang () during the Spring and Autumn period. In 2006, the American Blacksmith Institute listed Linfen as one of the ten most polluted cities in the world. Prior to 1978, Linfen was famous for its spring water, greenery and rich agriculture and therefore nicknamed "The Modern Fruit and Flower Town". Since then it has been developing into a main industrial center for coal mining, which has significantly damaged the city's environment, air quality, farming, health and its previous status as a green village. Name Linfen is named for the Fen River. Its former names inc ...
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Taosi Township
Taosi Township () is a township in Xiangfen County, Shanxi, China. It is surrounded by Dadeng Township on the north, Xincheng Town on the west, Yicheng County on the east, and Quwo County on the south. As of the 2008 census it had a population of 23,141 and an area of . History In the Mongolian ruling Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), it was known as "Anze Township" () of Xiangling County (). In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), it was divided into eleven ''Li'' and in the following Qing dynasty (1644–1911), it was divided into six ''Li''. In 1918, it belonged to the Second District of Xiangling County. After the establishment of the Communist Sate in August 1953, it became a township and was divided into seven villages. In March 1956, Anli Township () was merged into the township. In October 1958, it was renamed "Dongfeng People's Commune" (). In February 1984, it restored its former name as "Taosi Township". At around 9:40 a.m. on August 29, 2020, Juxian Restaurant (), ...
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Taosi
Taosi () is an archaeological site in Xiangfen County, Shanxi, China. Taosi is considered to be part of the late phase of the Longshan culture in southern Shanxi, also known as the Taosi phase (2300 BC to 1900 BC). Archaeology Taosi was surrounded by a gigantic rammed-clay enclosure. This was discovered from 1999 to 2001 by the archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; they attributed this wall to the Middle Taosi period (4,100 to 4,000 BP). Rectangular in form with an inner area of 280 ha. An internal rammed-earth wall separated the residential and ceremonial areas of the elite from the areas inhabited by commoners, signifying the development of a stratified society. A painted stick discovered from a prehistoric dating from 2300 BCE excavated at the astronomical site of Taosi is the oldest gnomon known in China. The gnomon was widely used in ancient China from the second century BC onward in order determine the changes in seasons, o ...
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1695 Linfen Earthquake
The 1695 Linfen earthquake struck Shanxi Province in North China, Qing dynasty on May 18. Occurring at a shallow depth within the continental crust, the surface-wave magnitude 7.8 earthquake had a maximum intensity of XI on the China seismic intensity scale and Mercalli intensity scale. This devastating earthquake affected over 120 counties across eight provinces of modern-day China. An estimated 52,600 people died in the earthquake, although the death toll may have been 176,365. Tectonic setting The Shanxi Rift System is a seismically active intracontinental rift zone in North China. Since 231 BC, eight 7.0 earthquakes have been recorded in the rift system. The 1303 Hongdong and 1556 Shanxi earthquakes were the deadliest events occurring in the rift, with a death toll of 200,000 and 830,000, respectively. Bounded to the west by the Lüliang Mountains, and the east by the Taihang Mountains, the Shanxi Rift forms the eastern boundary of the Ordos Block; a fragment of conti ...
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G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway
The Beijing–Kunming Expressway (), designated as G5 and commonly referred to as the Jingkun Expressway () is an expressway that connects the cities of Beijing, and Kunming, in Yunnan province. It is in length. As of 2018, the expressway has been completed in its entirety. Route The Beijing–Kunming Expressway runs from Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China, to Kunming, in the Yunnan Province. It passes through the following major cities: * Beijing * Shijiazhuang, Hebei * Taiyuan, Shanxi * Xi'an, Shaanxi * Chengdu, Sichuan * Kunming Kunming (; ), also known as Yunnan-Fu, is the capital and largest city of Yunnan province, China. It is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province as well as the seat of the provincial government. The headquar ..., Yunnan Detailed itinerary References {{DEFAULTSORT:G5 Beijing-Kunming Expressway 05 Expressways in Hebei Expressways in Shanxi Expressways in Shaanxi ...
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from la, cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color. Copper is used as a conductor of heat and electricity, as a building material, and as a constituent of various metal alloys, such as sterling silver used in jewelry, cupronickel used to make marine hardware and coins, and constantan used in strain gauges and thermocouples for temperature measurement. Copper is one of the few metals that can occur in nature in a directly usable metallic form (native metals). This led to very early human use in several regions, from circa 8000 BC. Thousands of years later, it was the first metal to be smelted from sulfide ores, circa 5000 BC; the first metal to be cast into a shape in a mold, c. 4000 BC; and the first metal to be purposely alloyed with another metal, tin, to create br ...
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G22 Qingdao–Lanzhou Expressway
The Qingdao–Lanzhou Expressway (), designated as G22 and commonly referred to as the Qinglan Expressway () is an expressway that connects the cities of Qingdao, Shandong, China, and Lanzhou, Gansu. It is in length. This expressway is sometimes called QingHong expressway (an example can be seen on a building at Handan North exit saying "QingHong expressway administration committee"). Some sources claim the "Hong" is referring to Khunjerab Pass (Hóngqílāfǔ shānkŏu), although the route west of Lanzhou is unknown. The route of G22 between S2201 Handan Ring Expressway and Liaocheng is not clear. The northern route via Guantao County is marked G22 west of Shandong Provincial Highway 260 (in Guanxian) and Shandong Provicinal Expressway S1 (Jinan-Liaocheng) east of this point. The southern route via Daming County is marked G22 east of Shandong Provincial Highway 324 (in Dong'e Dong'e County () falls under the jurisdiction of Liaocheng Prefecture-level city, in the Sh ...
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Cast Iron
Cast iron is a class of iron– carbon alloys with a carbon content more than 2%. Its usefulness derives from its relatively low melting temperature. The alloy constituents affect its color when fractured: white cast iron has carbide impurities which allow cracks to pass straight through, grey cast iron has graphite flakes which deflect a passing crack and initiate countless new cracks as the material breaks, and ductile cast iron has spherical graphite "nodules" which stop the crack from further progressing. Carbon (C), ranging from 1.8 to 4 wt%, and silicon (Si), 1–3 wt%, are the main alloying elements of cast iron. Iron alloys with lower carbon content are known as steel. Cast iron tends to be brittle, except for malleable cast irons. With its relatively low melting point, good fluidity, castability, excellent machinability, resistance to deformation and wear resistance, cast irons have become an engineering material with a wide range of applicatio ...
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Cement
A cement is a binder, a chemical substance used for construction that sets, hardens, and adheres to other materials to bind them together. Cement is seldom used on its own, but rather to bind sand and gravel (aggregate) together. Cement mixed with fine aggregate produces mortar for masonry, or with sand and gravel, produces concrete. Concrete is the most widely used material in existence and is behind only water as the planet's most-consumed resource. Cements used in construction are usually inorganic, often lime or calcium silicate based, which can be characterized as hydraulic or the less common non-hydraulic, depending on the ability of the cement to set in the presence of water (see hydraulic and non-hydraulic lime plaster). Hydraulic cements (e.g., Portland cement) set and become adhesive through a chemical reaction between the dry ingredients and water. The chemical reaction results in mineral hydrates that are not very water-soluble and so are quite durable ...
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