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XXXVII Corps (United States)
The United States Army created a large number of notional deception formations that were used in a number of World War II deception operations. The most notable fictional US formation was the First U.S. Army Group (FUSAG); this force was originally intended as the main invasion force for the Invasion of Normandy. However, the British 21st Army Group took up this role. FUSAG remained in existence on paper and was used during Operation Fortitude South to divert Axis attention to the Pas de Calais area. The imaginary formations ranged in size from battalion to field army and were faked using documents, photographs, double agents, news reportage and physical subterfuge. Some of the units were either based on previously active formations (usually World War I formations) or created afresh. Many were used multiple times, Clarke in particular believed that reusing units in the long term would help establish their existence in the mind of the enemy. Field armies and army groups Corps ...
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Phantom World War II Divisions Patches (United States)
Phantom, phantoms, or the phantom may refer to: * Spirit (metaphysics), the vital principle or animating force within all living things ** Ghost, the soul or spirit of a dead person or animal that can appear to the living Aircraft * Boeing Phantom Eye, a High Altitude, Long Endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicle * Boeing Phantom Ray, a stealthy unmanned combat air vehicle * McDonnell FH Phantom, a jet fighter aircraft, introduced 1947 * McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II, a supersonic air-defense fighter and fighter-bomber, introduced 1960 * Phantom (UAV), a series of unmanned aerial quadcopters developed by DJI * Phantom X1, ultralight aircraft Boats *DC‐14 Phantom, an American catamaran design *Flying Phantom Elite, a French hydrofoil catamaran sailboat design *Flying Phantom Essentiel, a French hydrofoil catamaran sailboat design *Phantom (dinghy), a British catboat design *Phantom (pilot boat), Sandy Hook pilot boat built in 1867 from the designs by Dennison J. Lawlor *Phant ...
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First Allied Airborne Army
The First Allied Airborne Army was an Allies of World War II, Allied Military organization, formation formed on 2 August 1944 by the order of General of the Army (United States), General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force, Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force. The formation was part of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force, Allied Expeditionary Force and controlled all Allied airborne forces in Western Europe from August 1944 to May 1945. These included the U.S. IX Troop Carrier Command, the U.S. XVIII Airborne Corps, which controlled the 17th Airborne Division (United States), 17th, 82nd Airborne Division, 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions and a number of independent airborne units, all British airborne forces including the 1st Airborne Division (United Kingdom), 1st and 6th Airborne Division (United Kingdom), 6th Airborne Division plus the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade (Poland), Polish 1st Parachute B ...
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1st Armored Division (France)
The 1st Armored Division () is a unit of the French Army formed during World War II that took part in the Liberation of France. The division was dissolved for the first time in 1946, and was recommissioned in 1948. It was dissolved again in 1999 as a consequence of the professionalization of the French military. The 1st Mechanised Brigade (1re BM), created on July 1, 1999, inherited the division's traditions. The 1st Mechanised Brigade was again dissolved on July 21, 2015. The 1st Division (1re DIV) was recreated in 2016. Creation and different names * The 1st Armored Division (1re DB) was created on May 1, 1943. * It was dissolved on March 31, 1946. * The 1st Armored Division was recreated in 1948. * On July 1, 1999, the 1st Mechanised Brigade (1re BM) inherited the traditions of the division. * The 1st Mechanised Brigade was dissolved on July 21, 2015. * The 1st Division (1re DIV) was recreated on July 1, 2016, part of the Scorpion Force alongside the 3rd Division. ...
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91st Division (United States)
The 91st Infantry Division is an infantry Division (military), division of the United States Army that fought in World War I and World War II. From 1946 until 2008, it was part of the United States Army Reserve. It was briefly inactivated from 2008 until 2010 when it was elevated back to a division size element as the 91st Training Division (Operations). World War I The 91st Division was constituted by the United States Department of War, War Department on 5 August 1917, andwas to be organized at Fort Lewis (Washington), Camp Lewis, near Tacoma, Washington, Tacoma, Washington, with Selective Service Act of 1917, draftees from California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington (state), Washington, and Wyoming. Nearly from the outset, the division was nicknamed the "Wild West Division," and in 1918, it adopted a fir, fir tree as its shoulder sleeve insignia to symbolize its traditional home of the Western United States. On 26 August, Major General Henry Alexander Greene as ...
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Mariana And Palau Islands Campaign
The Mariana and Palau Islands campaign, also known as Campaign Plan Granite II, was an offensive launched by the United States against Imperial Japanese forces in the Pacific between June and November 1944 during the Pacific War. The campaign consisted of Operation Forager, which captured the Mariana Islands, and Operation Stalemate, which captured Palau. Operation Causeway, an invasion of Japanese-controlled Taiwan, was also planned but not executed. The offensive, under the overall command of Chester W. Nimitz, followed the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign and was intended to neutralize Japanese bases in the central Pacific, support the Allied drive to retake the Philippines, and provide bases for a strategic bombing campaign against Japan. The United States assembled a significant combined arms task force to undertake the campaign. The Fifth Fleet was commanded by Admiral Raymond A. Spruance. Task Force 58, commanded by Vice Admiral Marc Mitscher, consisted of ...
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Kuril Islands
The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands are a volcanic archipelago administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast in the Russian Far East. The islands stretch approximately northeast from Hokkaido in Japan to Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean. There are 56 islands and many minor islets. The Kuril Islands consist of the Greater Kuril Chain and, at the southwest end, the parallel Lesser Kuril Chain. The group termed the 'South Kurils' consists of those of the Lesser Kuril Chain together with Kunashir and Iturup in the Greater Kuril Chain. The Vries Strait between Iturup and Urup forms the Miyabe Line dividing the North and South Kurils. The Kuril Islands cover an area of around , with a population of roughly 20,000. The islands have been under Russian administration since their Invasion of the Kuril Islands, 1945 invasion by the Soviet Union near the end of World War II. Japan claims the four southernmost islands, including two of the ...
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Little Waltham
Little Waltham is a village and civil parish just north of Chelmsford, in Essex, England. It is adjacent to the village of Great Waltham. The Domesday Book refers to the two villages as Waltham, consisting of several manors. The site of an Iron Age village was excavated before upgrading the main road north between the current villages. The village straddles the River Chelmer. Its main street has a number of old houses near the bridge, notably a rare Essex example of a Wealden hall house, now divided into three cottages. A footpath leads south alongside the river to an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, part of which is a nature reserve. The countryside is under continued threat from housing and road development. Amenities The parish church, St Mary the Virgin, is dedicated to St Martin of Tours, and has a Norman south door with a window above. Its East window features local landmarks shown at the foot of the cross. There is also a United Reformed Church in The Street. There ...
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Liverpool
Liverpool is a port City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. It is situated on the eastern side of the River Mersey, Mersey Estuary, near the Irish Sea, north-west of London. With a population of (in ), Liverpool is the administrative, cultural and economic centre of the Liverpool City Region, a combined authority, combined authority area with a population of over 1.5 million. Established as a borough in Lancashire in 1207, Liverpool became significant in the late 17th century when the Port of Liverpool was heavily involved in the Atlantic slave trade. The port also imported cotton for the Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution, Lancashire textile mills, and became a major departure point for English and Irish emigrants to North America. Liverpool rose to global economic importance at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century and was home to the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, firs ...
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21st Airborne Division (United States)
The United States Army created a large number of notional deception formations that were used in a number of World War II deception operations. The most notable fictional US formation was the First U.S. Army Group (FUSAG); this force was originally intended as the main invasion force for the Invasion of Normandy. However, the British 21st Army Group took up this role. FUSAG remained in existence on paper and was used during Operation Fortitude South to divert Axis attention to the Pas de Calais area. The imaginary formations ranged in size from battalion to field army and were faked using documents, photographs, double agents, news reportage and physical subterfuge. Some of the units were either based on previously active formations (usually World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Centra ...
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9th Airborne Division (United States)
The 9th Airborne Division of the United States Army was a military deception created in 1944 as part of Fortitude South IIHolt (2005). p. 901. It was initially depicted as being under the direct command of Fourteenth United States Army with its headquarters located in Leicester, Leicestershire in June 1944. In the Pas de Calais landings it and the notional '21st Airborne Division' were to be dropped behind the US XXXVII Corps beachheads. In August 1944 it was notionally transferred to the direct command of First United States Army Group. In the aftermath of Fortitude South, the notional United States 9th and 21st and British 2nd Airborne Divisions and the real United States 17th Airborne Division were used to depict an airborne threat to the Kiel-Bremen Bremen (Low German also: ''Breem'' or ''Bräm''), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (, ), is the capital of the States of Germany, German state of the Bremen (state), Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (), a two-city-sta ...
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XXXVII Corps (United States)
The United States Army created a large number of notional deception formations that were used in a number of World War II deception operations. The most notable fictional US formation was the First U.S. Army Group (FUSAG); this force was originally intended as the main invasion force for the Invasion of Normandy. However, the British 21st Army Group took up this role. FUSAG remained in existence on paper and was used during Operation Fortitude South to divert Axis attention to the Pas de Calais area. The imaginary formations ranged in size from battalion to field army and were faked using documents, photographs, double agents, news reportage and physical subterfuge. Some of the units were either based on previously active formations (usually World War I formations) or created afresh. Many were used multiple times, Clarke in particular believed that reusing units in the long term would help establish their existence in the mind of the enemy. Field armies and army groups Corps ...
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XXXIII Corps (United States)
The US XXXIII Corps (33rd Corps) was a 'Phantom Unit' created in 1944 as part of Fortitude South II. World War II The corps was first reported to the Germans as arriving in June 1944, disembarking at Liverpool and establishing its headquarters in Marbury, Cheshire, with the US 11th Infantry Division, US 48th Infantry Division and US 25th Armored Division under its command. In July the corps and the units under its command were reported as moving to take up positions vacated by US XX Corps as it departed for Normandy. With its headquarters at Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, the corps had the role of following up the landings by US XXXVII Corps and British II Corps in the Pas de Calais. Following the conclusion of Fortitude South II it was reported as having moved to Romsey Romsey ( ) is a town in the Test Valley district of Hampshire, England. The town is situated northwest of Southampton, southwest of Winchester and southeast of Salisbury. It sits on the outskirts o ...
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