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Woolly Flying Squirrel
''Eupetaurus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. Members of this genus are known as woolly flying squirrels. They are large to very large flying squirrels found in the highest rocky cliffs near the treeline of the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau. Due to the inaccessibility of their montane habitat, they are difficult to study. Taxonomy Flying squirrels in the central and eastern Himalayas have been separated from those in the western Himalayas by the Ganges and Yarlung Tsangpo rivers, and are thought to have diverged in the Neogene, between 4.5 and 10.2 million years ago. Species For more than a century since its description by Oldfield Thomas, the only species in the genus was thought to be the western woolly flying squirrel (''E. cinereus''), which is found in northern Pakistan and northwestern India. However, an analysis of museum specimens found evidence of two more species in the eastern Himalayas, the Tibetan woolly flying squirrel (''E. tibetensis'') and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupetaurus Cinereus
The western woolly flying squirrel (''Eupetaurus cinereus'') is a species of very large flying squirrel in the genus '' Eupetaurus''. It is native to northern Pakistan and northwestern India. It was long considered the only species in the genus until the description of two other species in 2021. Until recently, scientific knowledge of this rare species was limited to 11 skins collected in the late nineteenth century. However, recent research has confirmed that it remains in Kashmir. It is among the longest members of the family Sciuridae, and one of the biggest gliding animals known. Observations confirm that despite its size, it does glide effectively, like other flying squirrels. Distribution and description ''E. cinereus'' has been recorded in northern Pakistan in the area around Gilgit. These areas include Chitral, Astor and Skardu. Since 1994, specimens have been captured in the Sai Valley, Gorabad, and Balti Gali, all in northern Pakistan.Zahler and Woods, 1997 In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Woolly Flying Squirrel
The western woolly flying squirrel (''Eupetaurus cinereus'') is a species of very large flying squirrel in the genus ''Eupetaurus''. It is native to northern Pakistan and northwestern India. It was long considered the only species in the genus until the description of two other species in 2021. Until recently, scientific knowledge of this rare species was limited to 11 skins collected in the late nineteenth century. However, recent research has confirmed that it remains in Kashmir. It is among the longest members of the family Sciuridae, and one of the biggest gliding animals known. Observations confirm that despite its size, it does glide effectively, like other flying squirrels. Distribution and description ''E. cinereus'' has been recorded in northern Pakistan in the area around Gilgit. These areas include Chitral, Astor and Skardu. Since 1994, specimens have been captured in the Sai Valley, Gorabad, and Balti Gali, all in northern Pakistan.Zahler and Woods, 1997 In 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupetaurus Tibetensis
''Eupetaurus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. Members of this genus are known as woolly flying squirrels. They are large to very large flying squirrels found in the highest rocky cliffs near the treeline of the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau. Due to the inaccessibility of their montane habitat, they are difficult to study. Taxonomy Flying squirrels in the central and eastern Himalayas have been separated from those in the western Himalayas by the Ganges and Yarlung Tsangpo rivers, and are thought to have diverged in the Neogene, between 4.5 and 10.2 million years ago. Species For more than a century since its description by Oldfield Thomas, the only species in the genus was thought to be the western woolly flying squirrel (''E. cinereus''), which is found in northern Pakistan and northwestern India. However, an analysis of museum specimens found evidence of two more species in the eastern Himalayas, the Tibetan woolly flying squirrel (''E. tibetensis'') and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since 2023; and, since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is near Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations averag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupetaurus
''Eupetaurus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. Members of this genus are known as woolly flying squirrels. They are large to very large flying squirrels found in the highest rocky cliffs near the treeline of the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau. Due to the inaccessibility of their montane habitat, they are difficult to study. Taxonomy Flying squirrels in the central and eastern Himalayas have been separated from those in the western Himalayas by the Ganges and Yarlung Tsangpo rivers, and are thought to have diverged in the Neogene, between 4.5 and 10.2 million years ago. Species For more than a century since its description by Oldfield Thomas, the only species in the genus was thought to be the western woolly flying squirrel (''E. cinereus''), which is found in northern Pakistan and northwestern India. However, an analysis of museum specimens found evidence of two more species in the eastern Himalayas, the Tibetan woolly flying squirrel (''E. tibetensis'') and the Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biswamoyopterus
''Biswamoyopterus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It contains three known species of very large flying squirrels, with '' B. laoensis'' being among the longest of all squirrels. They are distributed in forests in northeast India, southwest China and Laos. Despite their size, species in this genus tend to be very elusive; due to this, all of them have been described relatively recently. In fact 2 out of the 3 species are only known from a single specimen. Additionally, they are easily confused with certain ''Petaurista ''Petaurista'' is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. They are large to very large flying squirrels found in forests and other wooded habitats in southern and eastern Asia. Like other flying squirrels, they are mostly nocturnal and able ...'' giant flying squirrels that are more common and overlap in range with the rare ''Biswamoyopterus''. Species There are currently three known species in this genus: * Namdapha flying squirrel ''Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Large Black Flying Squirrel
Large black flying squirrels (genus ''Aeromys'') form a taxon of squirrels under the tribe Pteromyini. They are only found in South-east Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania. Southeast Asia i .... Species There are two species of large black flying squirrel: * Black flying squirrel, ''Aeromys tephromelas'' * Thomas's flying squirrel, ''Aeromys thomasi'' References *Thorington, R. W. Jr. and R. S. Hoffman. 2005. Family Sciuridae. pp. 754–818 ''in'' Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. {{Taxonbar, from=Q304282 Aeromys Taxa named by Herbert C. Robinson Taxa named by C. Boden Kloss Taxa described in 1915 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladistics
Cladistics ( ; from Ancient Greek 'branch') is an approach to Taxonomy (biology), biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry. The evidence for hypothesized relationships is typically shared derived (phylogenetics), derived characteristics (synapomorphies) that are not present in more distant groups and ancestors. However, from an empirical perspective, common ancestors are inferences based on a cladistic hypothesis of relationships of taxa whose Phenotypic trait, character states can be observed. Theoretically, a last common ancestor and all its descendants constitute a (minimal) clade. Importantly, all descendants stay in their overarching ancestral clade. For example, if the terms ''worms'' or ''fishes'' were used within a ''strict'' cladistic framework, these terms would include humans. Many of these terms are normally used Paraphyly, paraphyletically, outside of cladistics, e.g. as a 'E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petaurista
''Petaurista'' is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. They are large to very large flying squirrels found in forests and other wooded habitats in southern and eastern Asia. Like other flying squirrels, they are mostly nocturnal and able to Flying and gliding animals, glide (not actually fly like a bat) long distances between trees by spreading out their patagium, skin between their limbs. They feed primarily on plant material, but will also take small animals such as insects. Taxonomy The species level Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy is very complex and not fully resolved. In 2005, ''Mammal Species of the World'' recognised eight species, but later studies have found that some of these were highly polyphyletic, and recent authorities have often recognised some of the most divergent "subspecies" as valid species. Additionally, three new species were described from northeastern India in 2007–2013, although their validity needs to be confirmed. Living species Eight specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Jaw
In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin ''mandibula'', 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lowerand typically more mobilecomponent of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla). The jawbone is the skull's only movable, posable bone, sharing Temporomandibular joint, joints with the cranium's temporal bones. The mandible hosts the lower Human tooth, teeth (their depth delineated by the alveolar process). Many muscles attach to the bone, which also hosts nerves (some connecting to the teeth) and blood vessels. Amongst other functions, the jawbone is essential for chewing food. Owing to the Neolithic Revolution, Neolithic advent of agriculture (), human jaws evolved to be Human jaw shrinkage, smaller. Although it is the strongest bone of the facial skeleton, the mandible tends to deform in old age; it is also subject to Mandibular fracture, fracturing. Surgery allows for the removal of jawbone fragments (or its entirety) as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cranium
The skull, or cranium, is typically a bony enclosure around the brain of a vertebrate. In some fish, and amphibians, the skull is of cartilage. The skull is at the head end of the vertebrate. In the human, the skull comprises two prominent parts: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton, which evolved from the first pharyngeal arch. The skull forms the frontmost portion of the axial skeleton and is a product of cephalization and vesicular enlargement of the brain, with several special senses structures such as the eyes, ears, nose, tongue and, in fish, specialized tactile organs such as barbels near the mouth. The skull is composed of three types of bone: cranial bones, facial bones and ossicles, which is made up of a number of fused flat and irregular bones. The cranial bones are joined at firm fibrous junctions called sutures and contains many foramina, fossae, processes, and sinuses. In zoology, the openings in the skull are called fenestrae, the most p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
