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Windows Hardware Error Architecture
Windows Hardware Error Architecture (WHEA) is an operating system hardware error handling mechanism introduced with Windows Vista SP1 and Windows Server 2008 as a successor to Machine Check Architecture (MCA) on previous versions of Windows. The architecture consists of several software components that interact with the hardware and firmware of a given platform to handle and notify regarding hardware error conditions. Collectively, these components provide: a generic means of discovering errors, a common error report format for those errors, a way of preserving error records, and an error event model based up on Event Tracing for Windows (ETW). WHEA "builds on the PCI Express Advanced Reporting to provide more detailed information about system errors and a common reporting structure." WHEA allows third-party software to interact with the operating system and react to certain hardware events. For example, when a new CPU is added to a running system—a Windows Server feature k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Windows Vista SP1
Windows Vista is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was the direct successor to Windows XP, which was released five years before, at the time being the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft Windows desktop operating systems. Software release life cycle#Release to manufacturing (RTM), Development was completed on November 8, 2006, and over the following three months, it was released in stages to computer hardware and software manufacturers, business customers and retail channels. On January 30, 2007, it was released internationally and was made available for purchase and download from the Windows Marketplace; it is the first release of Windows to be made available through a digital distribution platform. Features new to Windows Vista, New features of Windows Vista include an updated graphical user interface and Skin (computing), visual style dubbed Windows Aero, Aero, a new search component called Windows Search, red ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Windows Server 2008
Windows Server 2008 is the fourth release of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of the operating systems. It was released to manufacturing on February 4, 2008, and generally to retail on February 27, 2008. Derived from Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 is the successor of Windows Server 2003 R2 and the predecessor to Windows Server 2008 R2. On January 12, 2016, Microsoft ended support for all Internet Explorer versions older than Internet Explorer 11 released in 2013 for Windows 7. Extended support for Windows Server 2008 ended on January 14, 2020. Extended Security Updates (ESU) updates last until January 10, 2023 (January 9, 2024 for Azure customers). Windows Server 2008 is the final version which supports IA-32-based processors (also known as 32-bit processors). Its successor, Windows Server 2008 R2, requires a 64-bit processor in any supported architecture (x86-64 for x86 and Itanium). History Microsoft had rele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Machine Check Architecture
In computing, Machine Check Architecture (MCA) is an Intel and AMD mechanism in which the CPU reports hardware errors to the operating system. Intel's P6 and Pentium 4 family processors, AMD's K7 and K8 family processors, as well as the Itanium architecture implement a machine check architecture that provides a mechanism for detecting and reporting hardware (machine) errors, such as: system bus errors, ECC errors, parity errors, cache errors, and translation lookaside buffer errors. It consists of a set of model-specific registers ( MSRs) that are used to set up machine checking and additional banks of MSRs used for recording errors that are detected. See also * Machine-check exception (MCE) * High availability (HA) * Reliability, availability and serviceability Reliability, availability and serviceability (RAS), also known as reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM), is a computer hardware engineering term involving reliability engineering, high availability, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Microsoft Windows
Windows is a group of several Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for servers, and Windows IoT for embedded systems. Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x, Windows Mobile, and Windows Phone. The first version of Windows was released on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Windows is the most popular desktop operating system in the world, with Usage share of operating systems, 75% market share , according to StatCounter. However, Windows is not the most used operating system when including both mobile and desktop OSes, due to Android (operating system), Android's massive growth. , the most recent version of Windows is Windows 11 for consumer Personal compu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Event Tracing For Windows
Event Viewer is a component of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system that lets administrators and users view the event logs on a local or remote machine. Applications and operating-system components can use this centralized log service to report events that have taken place, such as a failure to start a component or to complete an action. In Windows Vista, Microsoft overhauled the event system. Due to the Event Viewer's routine reporting of minor start-up and processing errors (which do not, in fact, harm or damage the computer), the software is frequently used by technical support scammers to trick the victim into thinking that their computer contains critical errors requiring immediate technical support. An example is the "Administrative Events" field under "Custom Views" which can have over a thousand errors or warnings logged over a month's time. Overview Windows NT has featured event logs since its release in 1993. The Event Viewer uses event IDs to define the unique ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Linux
Linux ( or ) is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged as a Linux distribution, which includes the kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name "GNU/Linux" to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy. Popular Linux distributions include Debian, Fedora Linux, and Ubuntu, the latter of which itself consists of many different distributions and modifications, including Lubuntu and Xubuntu. Commercial distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise. Desktop Linux distributions include a windowing system such as X11 or Wayland, and a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE Plasma. Distributions intended for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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ACPI Platform Error Interface
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management (e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep), auto configuration (e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping), and status monitoring. First released in December 1996, ACPI aims to replace Advanced Power Management (APM), the MultiProcessor Specification, and the Plug and Play BIOS (PnP) Specification. ACPI brings power management under the control of the operating system, as opposed to the previous BIOS-centric system that relied on platform-specific firmware to determine power management and configuration policies. The specification is central to the Operating System-directed configuration and Power Management (OSPM) system. ACPI defines hardware abstraction interfaces between the device's firmware (e.g. BIOS, UEFI), the computer hardware components, and the operating systems. Internally, ACPI adv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Machine-check Exception
A machine check exception (MCE) is a type of computer error that occurs when a problem involving the computer's hardware is detected. With most mass-market personal computers, an MCE indicates faulty or misconfigured hardware. The nature and causes of MCEs can vary by architecture and generation of system. In some designs, an MCE is always an unrecoverable error, that halts the machine, requiring a reboot. In other architectures, some MCEs may be non-fatal, such as for single-bit errors corrected by ECC memory. On some architectures, such as PowerPC, certain software bugs can cause MCEs, such as an invalid memory access. On other architectures, such as x86, MCEs typically originate from hardware only. Reporting Microsoft Windows On Microsoft Windows platforms, in the event of an unrecoverable MCEs, the system generates a BugCheck — also called a STOP error, or a Blue Screen of Death. More recent versions of Windows use the Windows Hardware Error Architecture ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Reliability, Availability And Serviceability
Reliability, availability and serviceability (RAS), also known as reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM), is a computer hardware engineering term involving reliability engineering, high availability, and serviceability design. The phrase was originally used by International Business Machines ( IBM) as a term to describe the robustness of their mainframe computers. Computers designed with higher levels of RAS have many features that protect data integrity and help them stay available for long periods of time without failure This data integrity and uptime is a particular selling point for mainframes and fault-tolerant systems. Definitions While RAS originated as a hardware-oriented term, systems thinking has extended the concept of reliability-availability-serviceability to systems in general, including software. * ''Reliability'' can be defined as the probability that a system will produce correct outputs up to some given time ''t''. Reliability is enhanced by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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RAMS
In engineering, RAMS (reliability, availability, maintainability and safety) Norwegian University of Science and Technology is used to characterize a product or system: * – as ability to perform a specific function and may be given as design reliability or operational reliability. * Availability, – as ability to keep a functioning state in the given environment. * Maintainability – as ability to be timely and easily maintained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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High Availability
High availability (HA) is a characteristic of a system which aims to ensure an agreed level of operational performance, usually uptime, for a higher than normal period. Modernization has resulted in an increased reliance on these systems. For example, hospitals and data centers require high availability of their systems to perform routine daily activities. Availability refers to the ability of the user community to obtain a service or good, access the system, whether to submit new work, update or alter existing work, or collect the results of previous work. If a user cannot access the system, it is – from the user's point of view – ''unavailable''. Generally, the term '' downtime'' is used to refer to periods when a system is unavailable. Principles There are three principles of systems design in reliability engineering which can help achieve high availability. # Elimination of single points of failure. This means adding or building redundancy into the system so tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |