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Wim Duisenberg
Willem Frederik "Wim" Duisenberg (; 9 July 1935 – 31 July 2005) was a Dutch politician and economist who served as President of the European Central Bank from 1 June 1998 until 31 October 2003. He was a member of the Labour Party (PvdA). Duisenberg worked as a financial analyst for the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from January 1966 until March 1969 and as an economist for the Dutch central bank (DNB) from March 1969 until February 1970. Duisenberg worked as a professor of Macroeconomics at the University of Amsterdam from February 1970 until May 1973. After the election of 1972 Duisenberg was appointed as Minister of Finance in the Cabinet Den Uyl taking office on 11 May 1973. The Cabinet Den Uyl fell just before the end of its term. After the election of 1977 Duisenberg was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives serving from 8 June 1977 until 8 September 1977 and again from 16 January 1978 and served as a frontbencher and spokesperson for Finances. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excellency
Excellency is an honorific style (manner of address), style given to certain high-level officers of a sovereign state, officials of an international organization, or members of an aristocracy. Once entitled to the title "Excellency", the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime, although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office. Generally people addressed as ''Excellency'' are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, Roman Catholic bishops, high-ranking ecclesiastics, and others holding equivalent rank, such as heads of international organizations. Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty, Highness, etc.. While not a title of office itself, the honorific ''Excellency'' precedes various titles held by the holder, both in speech and in writing. In reference to such an official, it takes the form ''His'' or ''Her Excellency''; in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lobbying
Lobbying is a form of advocacy, which lawfully attempts to directly influence legislators or government officials, such as regulatory agency, regulatory agencies or judiciary. Lobbying involves direct, face-to-face contact and is carried out by various entities, including individuals acting as Voting, voters, constituents, or private citizens, corporations pursuing their business interests, nonprofits and Non-governmental organization, NGOs through advocacy groups to achieve their missions, and legislators or government officials influencing each other in legislative affairs. Lobbying or certain practices that share commonalities with lobbying are sometimes referred to as government relations, or government affairs and sometimes legislative relations, or legislative affairs. It is also an Industry (economics), industry known by many of the aforementioned names, and has a near-complete overlap with the public affairs industry. Lobbyists may fall into different categories: amateur lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Board Of Directors
A board of directors is a governing body that supervises the activities of a business, a nonprofit organization, or a government agency. The powers, duties, and responsibilities of a board of directors are determined by government regulations (including the jurisdiction's corporate law) and the organization's own constitution and by-laws. These authorities may specify the number of members of the board, how they are to be chosen, and how often they are to meet. In an organization with voting members, the board is accountable to, and may be subordinate to, the organization's full membership, which usually elect the members of the board. In a stock corporation, non-executive directors are elected by the shareholders, and the board has ultimate responsibility for the management of the corporation. In nations with codetermination (such as Germany and Sweden), the workers of a corporation elect a set fraction of the board's members. The board of directors appoints the ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Master Of Economics
The Master of Economics (MEcon or MEc) is a postgraduate master's degree in economics comprising training in economic theory, econometrics, and/or applied economics. The degree is also offered as an MS or MSc, MA or MCom in economics; variants are the Master in Economic Sciences (MEconSc), and the Master of Applied Economics. Structure The degree may be offered as a terminal degree or as additional preparation for doctoral study, and is sometimes offered as a professional degree, such as the emerging ''MPS in Applied Economics''. The program emphases and curricula will differ correspondingly. The course of study for the master's degree lasts from one to two years. A thesis is often required, particularly for terminal degrees. Many universities (in the United States) do not offer the master's degree directly; rather, the degree is routinely awarded as a master's degree "en route", after completion of a designated phase of the PhD program in economics. Entry requirem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bachelor Of Economics
A Bachelor of Economics (BEc or BEcon)Bureau of Labor StatisticsHow to Become an Economist/ref> is an academic degree, awarded to students who have completed specialised undergraduate studies in economics. Variants include the "Bachelor of Economic Science", and "tagged" degrees such as BA (Econ), BS (Econ) / BSc (Econ), BCom (Econ), and BSocSc (Econ). These degrees aim to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of economic theories, principles, and models, and their application in analyzing real-world economic issues. Graduates often pursue careers in economic analysis Economics () is a behavioral science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyse ..., policy development, finance, and business consulting, or continue their studies in Master of Economics, graduate programs. The program encompasses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; , abbreviated as RUG) is a Public university#Continental Europe, public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen (city), Groningen, Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is the second oldest in the country (after Leiden University, Leiden). The University of Groningen has eleven Faculty (division), faculties, nine graduate schools, 27 research centres and institutes, and more than 175-degree programmes. The university's alumni and faculty include Johann Bernoulli, Aletta Jacobs, four Nobel Prize winners, nine Spinoza Prize winners, one Stevin Prize winner, various members of the Monarchy of the Netherlands, Dutch royal family, several politicians, the first president of the European Central Bank, and a secretary general of NATO. History The institution was founded as a college in 1614 in an initiative taken by the Regional Assembly of the city of Groningen and the ''Ommelanden'', or surroun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pieter Duisenberg
Pieter Jacob Duisenberg (born 2 June 1967) is an American-born Dutch politician and businessman who served as a member of the House of Representatives from 2012 to 2017 for the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He resigned to become chairman of the Vereniging van Universiteiten per 1 October 2017. He is the son of Wim Duisenberg (1935–2005), the first President of the European Central Bank. Education Duisenberg was born in Washington, DC while his father was working at the International Monetary Fund (IMF). After attending the Eerste Vrijzinnig-Christelijk Lyceum in The Hague from 1979 to 1985, he studied at the Erasmus University Rotterdam from 1990 to 1995, where he gained Bachelor of Economics and Master of Economics degrees. He also studied at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam 1992 until 1994 and received a Master of Financial Economics degree. Career In his private career, Duisenberg worked for Shell, McKinsey & Company and Eneco. In the 2012 general election ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gretta Duisenberg
Gretta Duisenberg-Nieuwenhuizen (born 6 November 1942) is a Dutch pro-Palestinian political activist. She is the widow of Dutch Labour Party (PvdA) politician Wim Duisenberg, who was also the first president of the European Central Bank. Biography Gretta Duisenberg was born as Greetje Nieuwenhuizen into a strict Reformed family in Heerenveen, Friesland, where her father worked as a policeman. The family moved to Haarlem, where she grew up as a member of the Free Reformed Churches. She broke away from her religious background in the 1960s and began using the name Gretta. She started a career as a nurse and was married to internist Frits Bédier de Prairie from 1967 to 1975. They have three children. After their divorce, she continued to bear the name of her ex-husband and went through life as Gretta Bédier de Prairie. During this period, she became active in left-wing politics and human rights causes. In the late 1970s she became involved with the Transnational Institute, an o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drowning
Drowning is a type of Asphyxia, suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid. Submersion injury refers to both drowning and near-miss incidents. Most instances of fatal drowning occur alone or in situations where others present are either unaware of the victim's situation or unable to offer assistance. After successful resuscitation, drowning victims may experience breathing problems, confusion, or unconsciousness. Occasionally, victims may not begin experiencing these symptoms until several hours after they are rescued. An incident of drowning can also cause further complications for victims due to Hypothermia, low body temperature, Pulmonary aspiration, aspiration, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (respiratory failure from lung inflammation). Drowning is more likely to happen when spending extended periods of time near large bodies of water. Risk factors for drowning include alcohol use, drug use, epilepsy, minimal swim training or a complete l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faucon, Vaucluse
Faucon () is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. See also *Communes of the Vaucluse department The following is a list of the 151 communes of the Vaucluse department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):Communes of Vaucluse {{Vaucluse-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heerenveen
Heerenveen (, ) is a town and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population 50,859 (1 July). History The town was established in 1551 by three lords as a location to dig peat which was used for fuel, hence the name (''heer'' is "lord", ''veen'' is "peat"). Heerenveen was not one of the traditional eleven cities in Friesland (Fryslân) as it did not have so-called City rights in the Low Countries, city rights. However, it is now one of the larger municipalities of the province. The windmill Welgelegen, Heerenveen, ''Welgelegen'' or ''Tjepkema's Molen'' is the only survivor of seventeen which have stood in Heerenveen. Population centres Population as of 1 January 2018: Heerenveen (32,900), Akkrum (3406), Aldeboarn (1479), Bontebok, Heerenveen, Bontebok (445), De Knipe (1470), Gers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
