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Willstätt
Willstätt () is a town in the district of Ortenau in Baden-Württemberg in Germany, with a population of 9,787 as at December 31, 2017. It is around east of Strasbourg's city centre. Demographics History Medieval The earliest known mention to the town is from 1232. Early Modern In September 1634, three weeks after their biggest victory of the war at Nördlingen, Willstätt was burned as a result of a skirmish between Catholics under Jan von Werth and Swedes under Rheingrave Otto Louis. In August 1643 Imperialist forces took the town's castle.Helfferich, Tryntje, The Thirty Years War: A Documentary History (Cambridge, 2009), p. 298. On 1 August 1675, during the Rhineland campaign of the 1672-1678 Franco-Dutch War, a French army under Comte de Lorges and an Imperial force led by Raimondo Montecuccoli Raimondo Montecuccoli (; 21 February 1609 – 16 October 1680) was an Italian-born professional soldier, military theorist, and diplomat, who served the Habsburg monarc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Strasbourg Bridge
The Battle of Strasbourg Bridge, 26 to 27 September 1634, took place during the Thirty Years' War, outside the Free imperial city of Strasbourg. Following their defeat at Nördlingen on 6 September by an Imperial-Spanish force, the Swedish commander, Otto Louis, tried to retreat over the Rhine using the Strasbourg bridge. Led by Charles IV of Lorraine and Johann von Werth, the forces of the Catholic League caught up with the Swedish rearguard at Willstätt. They then attacked the entrenchments near the Strasbourg bridge in Kehl, as the Swedes were crossing the Rhine. The battle lasted for three hours and culminated with fighting on the bridge, before the Swedes successfully retreated into Strasbourg. Background The small Swedish army under Otto Louis captured almost all of Upper Alsace from the Habsburgs in March 1634 after defeating the Duke of Lorraine at Wattwiller. Subsequently, Otto Louis took Freiburg im Breisgau and invested Rheinfelden while leaving a blockade cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ortenau (district)
Ortenaukreis (; ) is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (clockwise from north) Rastatt, Freudenstadt, Rottweil, Schwarzwald-Baar and Emmendingen. To the west it borders the French Bas-Rhin '' département''. History The district was created in 1973 by merging the districts of Kehl, Lahr, Offenburg, Wolfach and the southern part of the district of Bühl. Geography The western part of the district is located in the Upper Rhine Valley, the eastern part belongs to the northern Black Forest. The highest elevation of the district, the Hornisgrinde (1164 m), is located in the north-east of the district. The lowest elevation (124.3 m) is in the Rhine valley to the north. The district is named after the historical territory of the Ortenau. Partnerships The district has a friendship with the Altenburger Land district in Thuringia. Offenburg district already had a city partnership with Altenburg so, after German reunific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg ( ; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a states of Germany, German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a total area of nearly , it is the third-largest German state by both List of German states by area, area (behind Bavaria and Lower Saxony) and List of German states by population, population (behind North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria). The List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city in Baden-Württemberg is the state capital of Stuttgart, followed by Mannheim and Karlsruhe. Other major cities are Freiburg im Breisgau, Heidelberg, Heilbronn, Konstanz, Pforzheim, Reutlingen, Tübingen, and Ulm. Modern Baden-Württemberg includes the historical territories of Baden, Prussian Province of Hohenzollern, Hohenzollern, and Württemberg. Baden-Württemberg became a state of West Germany in April 1952 through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strasbourg
Strasbourg ( , ; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est Regions of France, region of Geography of France, eastern France, in the historic region of Alsace. It is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin Departments of France, department and the Seat of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, official seat of the European Parliament. The city has about three hundred thousand inhabitants, and together Eurométropole de Strasbourg, Greater Strasbourg and the arrondissement of Strasbourg have over five hundred thousand. Strasbourg's functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 860,744 in 2020, making it the eighth-largest metro area in France and home to 14% of the Grand Est region's inhabitants. The transnational Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau Eurodistrict, Strasbourg-Ortenau had a population of roughly 1,000,000 in 2022. Strasbourg is one of the ''de facto'' four main capitals of the European Union (alongside Brussels, Luxembourg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Nördlingen (1634)
The Battle of Nördlingen, fought over two days from 5 to 6 September 1634, was a major battle of the Thirty Years' War. A Imperial- Spanish force led by the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand and Ferdinand of Hungary inflicted a crushing defeat on the Swedish-German army led by Gustav Horn and Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar. By 1634, the Swedes and their German allies occupied much of southern Germany. This allowed them to block the Spanish Road, an overland supply route running from Italy to Flanders, used to support Spain's war against the Dutch Republic. Seeking to re-open this, a Spanish army under the Cardinal-Infante linked up with Imperial forces near Nördlingen, which was held by a Swedish garrison. Horn and Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar marched to its relief, but significantly underestimated the numbers they faced. After limited fighting on 5 September, on the 6th they launched a series of assaults south of Nördlingen, all of which were repulsed. Superior numbers allowed the Spanish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Von Werth
Johann von Werth (1591 – 16 January 1652), also ''Jan von Werth'' or in French ''Jean de Werth'', was a German general of cavalry in the Thirty Years' War. Biography Werth was born in 1591 most likely at Büttgen in the Duchy of Jülich as the eldest son of the farmer Johann von Wierdt († 1606) and Elisabeth Streithoven. He had seven brothers and sisters. His exact birthplace is not sure, other candidates are Puffendorf (today part of Baesweiler) and Linnich. In the past, historians also argued for Weert in Limburg (Netherlands), Limburg because they confused him with Jan van der Croon, another imperial general with similar vita. Around 1610, he left home to become a soldier of fortune in the Wallonia, Walloon cavalry under Ambrogio Spinola in the Spanish Netherlands. Most likely, he fought in the War of the Jülich Succession and served afterwards in the garrison of Lingen, Germany, Lingen. The outbreak of the Thirty Years' War saw him moving to Bohemia in support of Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Louis Of Salm-Kyrburg-Mörchingen
Otto Louis of Salm, Wild- and Rhinegrave of Kyrburg and Mörchingen (13 October 1597 – 6 October 1634, Speyer) was a Swedish general during the Thirty Years' War. He was governor in the Alsace and Commander of the Swedish troops in the Upper Rhine. He died of the plague at Speyer and was buried in Strasbourg Cathedral. His parents were John IX of Salm-Kyrburg-Mörchingen (1575–1623) and Anna Catherine, Baroness of Criechingen (d. 1638). Married and issue In August 1633 he married Anna Magdalene of Hanau. She was the daughter of Count Johann Reinhard I of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1569–1625) and Countess Maria Elisabeth of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1576–1605). She was also the widow of Lothar of Criechingen (d. 1629) with whom she had a son: Francis Ernest III, Count of Criechingen (d. 1677). With Otto Louis she had another son, Wild- and Rhinegrave John XI (born: 17 April 1635; died: 16 November 1688 in Flonheim, buried in the church of Kirn Kirn () is a town in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, the Torstenson War, the Dutch-Portuguese War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. The war had its origins in the 16th-century Reformation, which led to religious conflict within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg attempted to resolve this by dividing the Empire into Catholic and Lutheran states, but the settlement was destabilised by the subsequent expansion of Protestantism beyond these boundaries. Combined with differences over the limits of imperial authority, religion was thus an important factor in star ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhineland
The Rhineland ( ; ; ; ) is a loosely defined area of Western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly Middle Rhine, its middle section. It is the main industrial heartland of Germany because of its many factories, and it has historic ties to the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, and the German Empire. Term Historically, the term "Rhinelands" refers to a loosely defined region encompassing the land on the banks of the Rhine, which were settled by Ripuarian Franks, Ripuarian and Salian Franks and became part of Frankish Austrasia. In the High Middle Ages, numerous Imperial States along the river emerged from the former stem duchy of Lotharingia, without developing any common political or cultural identity. A "Rhineland" conceptualization can be traced to the period of the Holy Roman Empire from the sixteenth until the eighteenth centuries when the Empire's Imperial Estates (territories) were grouped into regional districts in charge of defense and judicial execution, known as Imperial Circ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guy Aldonce De Durfort De Lorges
Guy Aldonce de Durfort, 1st Duke of Lorges, Marshal of France, (1630–1702) fought in the Franco-Dutch War mostly on the Rhine under his uncle Marshal Turenne, but in 1673 he was seconded to the Siege of Maastricht. Back on the Rhine, he fought at Entzheim in 1674, at Turckheim in January 1675, and at Sasbach in July 1675, where Turenne fell. He distinguished himself at the retreat from Sasbach and the ensuing Battle of Altenheim. In the Nine Years' War he commanded the Rhine army and took the city and the castle of Heidelberg in 1693. He is often mentioned in Saint-Simon's ''Mémoires'' as he was the author's father-in-law. Created the 2st Duke of Quintin in 1691, he was known as the 1st Duke of Lorges. Birth and origins Guy Aldonce was born on 22 August 1630, at the Château de Duras, the fourth son of Guy Aldonce de Durfort (1605-1665) and Elisabeth de La Tour d'Auvergne. His father was marquis of Duras, comte de Rauzan and comte de Lorges, as well as maréc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raimondo Montecuccoli
Raimondo Montecuccoli (; 21 February 1609 – 16 October 1680) was an Italian-born professional soldier, military theorist, and diplomat, who served the Habsburg monarchy. Experiencing the Thirty Years' War from scratch as a simple footsoldier, he rose through the ranks into a regiment holder and became an important cavalry commander in the late stages. Serving the Habsburgs as war counsellor and envoy, he commanded their troops in the Second Northern War and the Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664), Austro-Turkish War of 1663–64 where he scored an impressive victory in the Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664), Battle of Saint Gotthard. Afterwards, he became president of the Hofkriegsrat and briefly returned as supreme commander of the Imperial forces during the Franco-Dutch War. Montecuccoli was considered the only commander able to compete with the French general Turenne (1611–1675), and like him, was closely associated with the post-1648 development of Line infantry#Linear tactics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
