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William Wiswesser
William Joseph Wiswesser (December 3, 1914 – December 17, 1989) was an American chemist best known as the creator of the Wiswesser line notation (WLN), which was an innovative way to represent chemical structures in a linear string of characters suitable for computer manipulation. He is also known for the Wiswesser rule, a mathematical formula that predicts the order of atomic orbitals in many-electron atoms. Early life and education Wiswesser was born in Reading, Pennsylvania, to Louis and Hattie (Flatt) Wiswesser in 1914. He attended Reading High School in Reading, and graduated from Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, with a B.S. degree in chemistry in 1936. Career Following graduation, he worked at Hercules, the Trojan Powder Company, and the Picatinny Arsenal. Wiswesser then was an instructor of chemistry in the Cooper Union's School of Engineering during the 1940s. In 1945, he published his paper describing a formula that correctly orders the subshells of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reading, Pennsylvania
Reading ( ; ) is a city in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. The city had a population of 95,112 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census and is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, fourth-most populous city in Pennsylvania after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Allentown, Pennsylvania, Allentown. Reading is located in the southeastern part of the state and is the principal city of the Berks County, Pennsylvania, Greater Reading area, which had 420,152 residents in 2020. Reading gives its name to the now-defunct Reading Company, also known as the Reading Railroad and since acquired by Conrail, that played a vital role in transporting anthracite coal from Pennsylvania's Coal Region to major East Coast of the United States, East Coast markets through the Port of Philadelphia for much of the 19th and 20th centuries. Reading Railroad is one of the four railroad properties in the classic U.S. version of the ''Monopoly (game), Monopoly'' board ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Informatics
A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combined without reacting, they may form a chemical mixture. If a mixture is separated to isolate one chemical substance to a desired degree, the resulting substance is said to be chemically pure. Chemical substances can exist in several different physical states or phases (e.g. solids, liquids, gases, or plasma) without changing their chemical composition. Substances transition between these phases of matter in response to changes in temperature or pressure. Some chemical substances can be combined or converted into new substances by means of chemical reactions. Chemicals that do not possess this ability are said to be inert. Pure water is an example of a chemical substance, with a constant composition of two hydrogen atoms bonded to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lehigh University Alumni
Lehigh most often refers to: *Lehigh County, Pennsylvania *Lehigh University, a private research university located in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Lehigh may also refer to: Businesses * Lehigh & Susquehanna Turnpike (1804) a wagon road connecting Philadelphia, and other communities of the Lehigh and Delaware valleys to Western New York State and Lake Erie * Lehigh Canal (1818) a privately funded canal * Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company (1818-1986) builders of the Lehigh Canal * Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company (1988–2010), a mining company * Lehigh Crane Iron Company, a US foundry in operation from 1839 to 1899 * Lehigh Defense, an ammunition maker Places Canada * Lehigh, Alberta, Canada United States * Lehigh, Illinois * Lehigh, Iowa * Lehigh, Kansas * Lehigh, Oklahoma * Lehigh, Barbour County, West Virginia * Lehigh, Wisconsin * Lehigh Canal, constructed along the Lehigh River * Lehigh County Ballpark, an athletic field in Allentown, Pennsylvania * Lehigh Gap, Pennsylvani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheminformatics
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "'' in silico''" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and related molecular fields. Such '' in silico'' techniques are used, for example, by pharmaceutical companies and in academic settings to aid and inform the process of drug discovery, for instance in the design of well-defined combinatorial libraries of synthetic compounds, or to assist in structure-based drug design. The methods can also be used in chemical and allied industries, and such fields as environmental science and pharmacology, where chemical processes are involved or studied. History Cheminformatics has been an active field in various guises since the 1970s and earlier, with activity in academic departments and commercial pharmaceutical rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 Deaths
1989 was a turning point in political history with the " Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin Wall in November, the Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia and the overthrow of the communist dictatorship in Romania in December; the movement ended in December 1991 with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Revolutions against communist governments in Eastern Europe mainly succeeded, but the year also saw the suppression by the Chinese government of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests in Beijing. It was the year of the first Brazilian direct presidential election in 29 years, since the end of the military government in 1985 that ruled the country for more than twenty years, and marked the redemocratization process's final point. F. W. de Klerk was elected as State President of South Africa, and his regime gradually dismantled th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 Births
This year saw the beginning of what became known as the First World War, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It also saw the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with the St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line. Events January * January 1 – The St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line in the United States starts services between St. Petersburg, Florida, St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida, becoming the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with Tony Jannus (the first federally-licensed pilot) conveying passengers in a Benoist XIV flying boat. Abram C. Pheil, mayor of St. Petersburg, is the first airline passenger, and over 3,000 people witness the first departure. * January 11 **The Sakurajima volcano in Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wyomissing, Pennsylvania
Wyomissing is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, adjacent to Reading. The borough was incorporated on July 2, 1906. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,114, compared to 10,461 at the 2010 census. The growth was significantly larger between 2000 and 2010 largely because of its merger in January 2002 with neighboring Wyomissing Hills. Wyomissing is the most populous borough in Berks County. The borough is recognized as a Tree City USA and selected as a "Contender" for the best places to live in Pennsylvania by ''Money'' magazine. Geography Wyomissing is located in central Berks County at (40.332742, −75.964603). It is bordered by the city of Reading to the northeast and southeast, by West Reading directly to the east, by the borough of Shillington and Cumru Township to the south, by Spring Township to the west and northwest, and by Bern Township to the north. From south to north, the west side of Wyomissing is bordered by the unincorpora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herman Skolnik Award
The Herman Skolnik Award is awarded annually by the Division of Chemical Information of the American Chemical Society, "to recognize outstanding contributions to and achievements in the theory and practice of chemical information science". the award is of 3,000 US dollars. It is named for Herman Skolnik (1914-1994), who was a co-founder of the then ACS Division of Chemical Literature in 1948 and a key figure in the Division. The first award was made to him. Recipients Source: 1970s *1976: Herman Skolnik *1977: Eugene Garfield *1978: Fred A. Tate 1980s *1980: William J. Wiswesser *1981: Ben H. Weil *1982: Robert Fugmann *1983: Russell J. Rowlett, Jr. *1984: Montagu Hyams *1986: Dale B. Baker *1987: William Theilheimer *1988: David R. Lide, Jr. *1989: Michael F. Lynch and Stuart Marson 1990s *1990: Ernst Meyer *1991: Todd Wipke *1992: Jacques-Emile Dubois *1993: Peter Willett *1994: Alexandru T. Balaban *1995: Reiner Luckenbach and Clemens Jochum *1996: Milan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austin M
Austin refers to: Common meanings * Austin, Texas, United States, a city * Austin (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Austin (surname), a list of people and fictional characters * Austin Motor Company, a British car manufacturer Arts and entertainment * ''Austin'' (album), by Post Malone, 2023 * "Austin" (Blake Shelton song), 2001 * "Austin" (Dasha song), 2023 * ''Austin'' (TV series), a 2024 Australian-British comedy series Businesses and organisations Businesses * American Austin Car Company, short-lived American automobile maker * Austin Automobile Company, short-lived American automobile company * Austin Motor Company, British car manufacturer ** ''Austin'' magazine, produced for the Austin Motor Company by in-house Nuffield Press * Austin Airways, a former Canadian passenger airline and freight carrier * Austin cookies and crackers, a Keebler Company brand Education * Austin College, in Sherman, Texas, U.S. * Austin High School (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reading Eagle
The ''Reading Eagle'' is the major daily newspaper in Reading, Pennsylvania. A family-owned newspaper until the spring of 2019, its reported circulation is 37,000 (daily) and 50,000 (Sundays). It serves the Reading and Berks County region of Pennsylvania. After celebrating its sesquicentennial of local ownership and editorial control in 2018, the ''Reading Eagle'' was acquired by the Denver-based MediaNews Group's Digital First Media in May 2019. History The newspaper was founded on January 28, 1867. Initially an afternoon paper, it was published Monday through Saturday, and a Sunday morning edition was added later. In 1940, ''The Eagle'' acquired the ''Reading Times'', which was the city's morning paper, though they remained editorially separate newspapers. The staff of the two papers was combined in 1982. In June 2002, the ''Reading Times'' ceased publication, and the ''Eagle'' became a morning paper. The two newspapers published a joint Saturday-morning edition since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Bader
Alfred Robert Bader (April 28, 1924 – December 23, 2018) was a Canadian chemist, businessman, philanthropist, and collector of fine art. He was considered by the ''Chemical & Engineering News'' poll of 1998 to be one of the "Top 75 Distinguished Contributors to the Chemical Enterprise" during C&EN's 75-year history. Early years Alfred Bader was born on April 28, 1924, in Vienna, Austria. His father, Alfred Bader, was of Czech Jewish descent. His grandfather, Moritz Ritter von Bader, had been a civil engineer, who worked on the Suez Canal and was knighted by Emperor Franz Josef for his service as Austrian consul at Ismaïlia. His mother, Elizabeth Countess Serényi, came from an aristocratic Catholic Hungarian family. In spite of adamant opposition from Serényi's family, the couple had married in London and settled in Vienna. Alfred was born only two weeks before his father's death. He was adopted by his father's sister, Gisela Reich, and raised as a Jew. His older sister ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
