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William Job Collins
Sir William Job Collins, (9 May 1859 – 11 December 1946) was an English surgeon, anti-vaccinationist and later a Liberal politician and legislator. Background Collins was born at 46 Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, London the eldest son of William Job Collins (also a doctor) and Mary Anne Francisca (née Treacher). He attended University College School, London, and began his medical training at St Bartholomew's Hospital, where he became ophthalmic house surgeon, extern midwifery assistant and assistant demonstrator of anatomy at the medical school. His '' Times'' obituary reported that "his further progress toward the staff of the school was barred by the heterodox views he held, and freely expressed, on the subject of vaccination." He subsequently became a Fellow, Scholar and gold medallist in Sanitary Science and Obstetrics at the University of London, graduating as BSc in 1880 and MD in 1881. He specialised in anatomy and ophthalmology, in 1918 receiving the Univers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Pancras West (UK Parliament Constituency)
St Pancras West was a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 for the 1885 United Kingdom general election, 1885 general election and abolished for the 1918 United Kingdom general election, 1918 general election. Boundaries Members of Parliament Elections Elections in the 1880s Elections in the 1890s Elections in the 1900s Elections in the 1910s General election 1914–15: Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected: *Unionist: Felix Cassel *Libe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of London
The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in Post-nominal letters, post-nominals) is a collegiate university, federal Public university, public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom. The university was established by royal charter in 1836 as a degree-awarding examination board for students holding certificates from University College London, King's College London and "other such institutions, corporate or unincorporated, as shall be established for the purpose of Education, whether within the Metropolis or elsewhere within our United Kingdom". It is one of three institutions to have claimed the title of the Third-oldest university in England debate, third-oldest university in England. It moved to a federal structure with constituent colleges in 1900. It is now incorporated by its fourth (1863) royal charter and governed by the University of London Act 2018 (c. iii). The university consists of Member institutions of the Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Pancras, London
St Pancras () is a district in North London. It was originally a medieval Civil parish#Ancient parishes, ancient parish and subsequently became a metropolitan borough. The metropolitan borough then merged with neighbouring boroughs and the area now forms around half of the modern London Borough of Camden. The area of the parish and borough extends nearly four miles in a north-south axis, between Islington in the east and Marylebone and Hampstead in the west. It take in the sub-districts of Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, London, Somers Town, King's Cross, London, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate. History St Pancras Old Church St Pancras Old Church lies on Pancras Road, Somers Town, London, Somers Town, behind St Pancras railway station. Until the 19th century it stood on a knoll on the eastern bank of the now buried River Fleet. The church, dedicated to the Roman martyr Pancras of Rome, Saint Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Allanson Picton
James Allanson Picton (8 August 1832 – 4 February 1910) was a British independent minister, author, philosopher and Liberal politician. Picton promoted a philosophy known as Christian pantheism. Life Picton was born at Liverpool, the eldest son of Sir James Allanson Picton and his wife Sarah Pooley. His father was an architect and supporter of the Liverpool Free Library. He was educated at the High School, and at the Mechanics' Institute and joined his father's architectural practice at the age of 16. Three years later he decided to study for the ministry and joined the Lancashire Independent College and Owens College, Manchester. He achieved a first in classics and in 1855 was awarded MA at the University of London. In spite of allegations of heresy, in 1856, he was appointed to Cheetham Hill congregational church at Manchester. There he gave a course of popular lectures to the working classes, but one of his sermons revived the allegation of heresy and in 1862 he went t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smallpox Vaccination
The smallpox vaccine is used to prevent smallpox infection caused by the variola virus. It is the first vaccine to have been developed against a contagious disease. In 1796, British physician Edward Jenner demonstrated that an infection with the relatively mild cowpox virus conferred immunity against the deadly smallpox virus. Cowpox served as a natural vaccine until the modern smallpox vaccine emerged in the 20th century. From 1958 to 1977, the World Health Organization (WHO) conducted a global vaccination campaign that eradicated smallpox, making it the only human disease to be eradicated. Although routine smallpox vaccination is no longer performed on the general public, the vaccine is still being produced for research, and to guard against bioterrorism, biological warfare, and mpox.Anderson MG, Frenkel LD, Homann S, and Guffey J. (2003), "A case of severe monkeypox virus disease in an American child: emerging infections and changing professional values"; ''Pediatr Infect Dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edgar Crookshank
Edgar March Crookshank (2 October 1858 – 1 July 1928) was an English physician and microbiologist. Biography Crookshank studied at King's College London and qualified for medicine in 1881. He served briefly as an assistant to Joseph Lister, a physician noted for his work promoting antiseptics and sterile surgery. In 1882, Crookshank served as a doctor with the British armed forces sent to Egypt as a result of the Urabi Revolt; he was decorated for his service at the Battle of Tel el-Kebir. On return from Egypt, Crookshank toured Europe in 1884 for further medical training. In Berlin, he visited the laboratory of Robert Koch and learned methods of isolating bacterial strains to investigate infectious diseases. When he returned to London, Crookshank wrote a textbook, ''An Introduction to Practical Bacteriology Based on the Methods of Koch'', which was published in 1886. Subsequent editions were published under differing titles in 1887, 1890 and 1896, and a French translation b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Creighton (physician)
Charles Creighton (22 November 1847 – 18 July 1927) was a British physician and medical author. He was highly regarded for his scholarly writings on medical history but was widely denounced for disputing the germ theory of infectious diseases. Biography Creighton was born in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the oldest son of Alexander Creighton and Agnes Brand Creighton. He received a scholarship to attend the University of Aberdeen and received his M.A. in 1867. He then enrolled as a medical student and passed his M.B. and M.S. exams in 1871. After graduation, he studied for a brief time with Karl von Rokitansky in Vienna and Rudolf Virchow in Berlin. He was awarded his M.D. in 1878.Cook, G. C. (2000)''Charles Creighton (1847–1927): Eminent Medical Historian but Vehement Anti-Jennerian'' ''Journal of Medical Biography'' 8 (2): 83-88. After returning from Berlin in 1872, Creighton worked in London as a hospital registrar until his appointment in 1876 as demonstrator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London Society For The Abolition Of Compulsory Vaccination
The National Anti-Vaccination League (NAVL) was a British anti-vaccination organization that was formed in 1896 from earlier smaller organizations. Historically, the League had opposed compulsory vaccination, particularly against smallpox. It was part of a wider anti-vaccinationist movement, arguing that vaccination did more harm than good. History Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League The National Anti-Vaccination League grew from earlier smaller organizations in London, originally under the title Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League (ACVL) in response to the government making smallpox vaccination compulsory. The Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League was founded by Richard Butler Gibbs at Finsbury in 1866.Durbach, Nadja. (2005). ''Bodily Matters: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853–1907''. Duke University Press. p. 38. Members included Richard's brother George Sleight Gibbs and his cousin John Gibbs, author of the first anti-vaccination pamphlet. The Anti-Compulsory Vacci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-vaccine Activism
Anti-vaccine activism, which collectively constitutes the "anti-vax" movement, is a set of organized activities expressing opposition to vaccination, and these collaborating networks have often sought to increase vaccine hesitancy by disseminating vaccine misinformation and/or forms of active disinformation. As a social movement, it has utilized multiple tools both within traditional news media and also through various forms of online communication. Activists have primarily (though far from entirely) focused on issues surrounding children, with vaccination of the young receiving pushback, and they have sought to expand beyond niche subgroups into national political debates. Ideas that would eventually coalesce into anti-vaccine activism have existed for longer than vaccines themselves. Various myths and conspiracy theories (alongside outright disinformation and misinformation) have been spread by the anti-vaccination movement and fringe doctors. These have been spread in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vice-Chancellor
A vice-chancellor (commonly called a VC) serves as the chief executive of a university in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Kenya, other Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth countries, and List of higher education institutions in Hong Kong, some universities in Hong Kong. In Scotland, Canada, and the Republic of Ireland, the chief executive of a university is usually called a university principal, principal or (especially in the Republic of Ireland) a university president, president, with ''vice-chancellor'' being an honorific associated with this title, allowing the individual to bestow degrees in the absence of the chancellor. In Northern Ireland, a Vice-Chancellor of a university also usually has the subsidiary titles of either President or Principal; the title is Vice-Chancellor and President at The Queen's University of Belfast. The role of the VC contrasts with that of the chancellor, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Walter Doyne
Robert Walter Doyne (1857–1916) was an Anglo-Irish ophthalmologist. He was born in Monart, County Wexford, Ireland, second son of the Reverend Philip Walter Doyne (died 1861), vicar of Monart, and Emily Sophia Richards, daughter of John Goddard Richards, barrister, of Ardamine Estate, Ardamine House, Gorey, County Wexford and his first wife Anna-Catherine Ward, and granddaughter of the noted physician Solomon Richards (surgeon), Solomon Richards. He belonged to a junior branch of the long-established Doyne family of Wells House, County Wexford, who were descended from the eminent judge Sir Robert Doyne (1651-1733). Doyne studied medicine in University of Oxford, Oxford, University of Bristol, Bristol and St George's Hospital in London. In 1886, he founded the Oxford Eye Hospital, and in 1909 became the first president of the Oxford Ophthalmological Congress. In 1899 Doyne discovered colloid bodies lying on Bruch's membrane that appeared to merge, forming a mosaic pattern tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
