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Willem Jan Holsboer
Willem Jan Holsboer (; 23 August 1834 – 8 June 1898), also referred to as simply Jan Holsboer or as W. J. Holsboer, was a Dutch-born Swiss businessman, hotelier and pioneer of the tourism and Railroad, railroad industry. Most notably he was the founder of Rhaetian Railway and patron of the tourism destination Davos. Early life and education Holsboer was born 23 August 1834 in Zutphen, Zutphen, Gelderland in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815-1839), Kingdom of the Netherlands, the third of eight children, to Matthijs Arnoldus Holsboer (1806–1872), a cotton manufacturer and mayor of Winterswijk and Dinxperlo, and Maria Lucretia Holsboer (née van Enschut; 1804–1881). His father was originally from Arnhem, his mother from Zutphen. He completed an education to become a helmsman, captain and then like his father a merchant. During his seafaring years, he also traveled to California during the Gold rush, Gold Rush. Career In the 1860s, Holsboer became an Authorised offi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emanuel Forchhammer
Emanuel Forchhammer (12 March 1851 - April 26, 1890) was a Swiss indologist, Pali, Pāli specialist, orientalist and the first professor of Pali in Rangoon University, Rangoon College. He was a pioneer in Burmese Archaeology. Life Forchhammer was born on 12 March 1851 in Switzerland. He was the youngest son of Christian Gottlieb F. (1814–1859), a Lutheran minister, and Elisabeth Schlegel (1824–1891). He had a brother, Theophil F., who was the church musician. Forchhammer studied medicine in New York (state), New York, where he also obtained a doctorate and became an assistant at a hospital. He then lived for several years among the native Americans in the United States, native Americans of the West to learn their language. In 1875, he returned to Europe, where he learned Armenian language, Armenian in the San Lazzaro degli Armeni, Armenian monastery of San Lazzaro near Venice and until 1878, studied oriental philology in Leipzig. In 1878, he was offered two academic positions. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seafaring
Seamanship is the skill, art, competence (human resources), competence, and knowledge of operating a ship, boat or other craft on water. The'' Oxford Dictionary of English, Oxford Dictionary'' states that seamanship is "The skill, techniques, or practice of handling a ship or boat at sea." It involves topics and development of specialised skills, including navigation and international Admiralty law, maritime law and regulatory knowledge; weather, meteorology and forecasting; watchkeeping; ship-handling and small boat handling; operation of deck equipment, anchors and cables; ropework and line handling; communications; sailing; engines; execution of evolutions such as towing; cargo handling equipment, dangerous cargoes and cargo storage; dealing with emergencies; survival at sea and search and rescue; and fire fighting. The degree of knowledge needed within these areas is dependent upon the nature of the work and the type of vessel employed by a sailor, seafarer. History Shi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Place Of Origin
In Switzerland, the place of origin (, literally "home place" or "citizen place"; ; , literally "place of relevance") denotes where a Swiss citizen has their municipal citizenship, usually inherited from previous generations. It is not to be confused with the place of birth or place of residence, although two or all three of these locations may be identical depending on the person's circumstances. Citizens of Liechtenstein also have a Place of origin (Heimatort). Acquisition of municipal citizenship Swiss citizenship has three tiers. For a person applying to naturalise as a Swiss citizen, these tiers are as follows: *Municipal citizenship, granted by the place of residence after fulfilling several preconditions, such as sufficient knowledge of the local language, integration into local society, and a minimum number of years lived in said municipality. *Cantonal (state) citizenship, for which a Swiss municipal citizenship is required. This requires a certain number of years l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Nationality Law
The primary law governing nationality of Switzerland is the Federal Act on Swiss Citizenship, which came into force on 1 January 2018. Switzerland is a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the Schengen Area. All Swiss nationals have automatic and permanent permission to live and work in any European Union (EU) or EFTA country. Swiss nationals are citizens of their municipality of origin, their canton of origin, and the Confederation, in that order: a Swiss citizen is defined as someone who has the citizenship of a Swiss municipality (article 37 of the Swiss Federal Constitution). They are entered in the family register of their place of origin. The manner by which Swiss citizens acquire their place of origin differs depending on whether they acquired Swiss citizenship by filiation (jus sanguinis), ordinary naturalisation, or facilitated naturalisation. Marriage has in and of itself no effect on the places of origin of the spouses. Terminology The dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solothurn
Solothurn ( ; ; ; ; ) is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. It is located in the north-west of Switzerland on the banks of the Aare and on the foot of the Weissenstein Jura mountains. The town is the only municipality of the district of the same name. The town got its name from Salodurum, a Roman-era settlement. From 1530 to 1792 it was the seat of the French ambassador to Switzerland. The pedestrian-only old town was built between 1530 and 1792 and shows an impressive array of Baroque architecture, combining Italian Grandezza, French style, and Swiss ideas. The town has eighteen structures listed as heritage sites. The official language of Solothurn is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect. History Pre-Roman settlement The oldest finds from Solothurn probably date from the Paleolithic era. The remains of a Mesolithic camp were discovered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Spengler
Alexander Spengler (20 March 1827 – 11 January 1901) was a Swiss physician of German origin and the first physician specializing in tuberculosis who created a sanatorium in Davos aimed to treat patients by providing them access to a healthy high altitude climate which was then thought to be effective as a treatment. Spengler was born in Mannheim, the eldest son of Johann Philipp Spengler, a teacher at a local school. Starting in the autumn of 1846, he studied five terms of law at the University of Heidelberg. Spengler had taken part in the Baden Revolution of 1848/1849 and after the suppression of the revolution, he was expatriated for desertion from the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1850. He fled to Zurich, where he studied medicine. In 1853 he passed the medical exams, the stateless refugee got a job in Davos as a county doctor, which was remote at the time. His observation that pulmonary tuberculosis did not occur in Davos and that sick people returning home improved, marked the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is a contagious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is known as inactive or latent tuberculosis. A small proportion of latent infections progress to active disease that, if left untreated, can be fatal. Typical symptoms of active TB are chronic cough with hemoptysis, blood-containing sputum, mucus, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms. Tuberculosis is Human-to-human transmission, spread from one person to the next Airborne disease, through the air when people who have active TB in their lungs cough, spit, speak, or sneeze. People with latent TB do not spread the disease. A latent infection is more likely to become active in those with weakened I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berghotel Schatzalp
Berghotel Schatzalp is a historic hotel built in the Art Nouveau style and listed List of cultural property of national significance in Switzerland: Graubünden, Cultural Property of National Significance in Davos, eastern Switzerland. It is located above the western side of Davos at above sea level on the historic path over the Strela Pass, and forms part of the Schatzalp skiing and recreational area, near the . Schatzalp is accessed via the funicular Schatzalp-Bahn from the town of Davos below. A former hi-tech tuberculosis sanitorium, it opened as the hotel Berghotel Schatzalp in 1953. The hotel caters for global economic and political leaders during the World Economic Forum Annual Meetings in the third week of January, when it is described by ''The Daily Telegraph, The Telegraph'' as "the most fashionable place in town, or above it, for a private party." History The building was built under the instructions of Dutch entrepreneur Willem Jan Holsboer between 1898 and 1900 by Z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Davos, Switzerland
Davos (, ; or ; ; Old ) is an Alpine resort town and municipality in the Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has a permanent population of (). Davos is located on the river Landwasser, in the Rhaetian Alps, between the Plessur and Albula Ranges. The municipality covers nearly the entire valley of the Landwasser, and the centre of population, economic activity and administration is two adjacent villages, ''Davos Dorf'' (engl.: Davos Village) and ''Davos Platz'' (Davos Place), which are above sea level. Gaining prominence in the 19th century as a mountain health resort, Davos is perhaps best known today for hosting the World Economic Forum, an annual meeting of global political and corporate leaders. With its long history of winter sports, Davos also has one of Switzerland's largest ski resorts and hosts the international Spengler Cup, an ice hockey tournament, every December. Name ''Tavau'', the Romansh name, derives from the Latin ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lung Disease
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in many animals, including humans. In mammals and most other tetrapods, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange. Respiration is driven by different muscular systems in different species. Mammals, reptiles and birds use their musculoskeletal systems to support and foster breathing. In early tetrapods, air was driven into the lungs by the pharyngeal muscles via buccal pumping, a mechanism still seen in amphibians. In humans, the primary muscle that drives breathing is the diaphragm. The lungs also provide airflow that makes vocalisation including speech possible. Humans have two lungs, a right lung and a left lung. They are situated within the thoracic cavity of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London, United Kingdom
London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Western Europe, with a population of 14.9 million. London stands on the River Thames in southeast England, at the head of a tidal estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for nearly 2,000 years. Its ancient core and financial centre, the City of London, was founded by the Roman Empire, Romans as Londinium and has retained its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has been the centuries-long host of Government of the United Kingdom, the national government and Parliament of the United Kingdom, parliament. London grew rapidly 19th-century London, in the 19th century, becoming the world's List of largest cities throughout history, largest city at the time. Since the 19th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enschede
Enschede (; local ) is a list of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the province of Overijssel and the Twente region of the eastern Netherlands. The east of the urban area reaches the border of the Germany, German city of Gronau, North Rhine-Westphalia, Gronau. The municipality of Enschede consisted only of the city of Enschede until 1935, when the rural municipality of Lonneker, which surrounded the city, was annexed after the rapid industrial expansion of Enschede that began in the 1860s and involved the building of railways and the digging of the Twentekanaal. Enschede is home to the association football, football club FC Twente, a one-time List of Dutch football champions, Dutch champion; the University of Twente; and the last Polaroid B.V., Polaroid film factory. Geography Enschede lies in the eastern part of Overijssel and is the easternmost city of more than 140,000 inhabitants in the Netherlands. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
