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Warren Wagon Train Raid
The Warren Wagon Train raid, also known as the Salt Creek massacre, occurred on May 18, 1871. Henry Warren was contracted to haul supplies to forts in the west of Texas, including Fort Richardson, Fort Griffin, and Fort Concho. Traveling down the Jacksboro-Belknap road heading towards Salt Creek Crossing, they encountered William Tecumseh Sherman. Less than an hour after encountering the famous General, they spotted a rather large group of riders ahead. They quickly realized that these were Native American warriors, probably Kiowa and/or Comanche. The corn train quickly shifted into a ring formation, and all the mules were put into the center of the ring. The warriors destroyed the corn supplies, killing and mutilating seven of the wagoner's bodies. Five men managed to escape, one of which was Thomas Brazeale who reached Fort Richardson on foot, some 20 miles away. As soon as Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie learned of the incident, he informed Sherman. Sherman and Mackenzie search ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Big Tree
Chief John Big Tree (born Isaac Johnny John, June 2, 1877 – July 6, 1967) was a member of the Seneca Nation and an actor who appeared in 59 films between 1915 and 1950. He was born in Buffalo, New York and died in Onondaga Indian Reservation, New York. His interment was also there. Big Tree claimed to be one of three Native American chiefs whose profiles were composited to make the portrait featured on the obverse of the United States' Indian Head nickel, designed by sculptor James Earle Fraser. The other two chiefs were Iron Tail and Two Moons. Big Tree claimed that his profile was used to create that portion of the portrait from the top of the forehead to the upper lip. Big Tree also claimed to be the sole model for Fraser's most recognized work, the doleful '' End of the Trail''. Both of these claims are broadly disputed, and Fraser identified other models. He also appeared on the March 1964 cover of ''Esquire'' magazine, in a pose commemorating the Indian Head ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Tecumseh Sherman
William Tecumseh Sherman ( ; February 8, 1820February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a General officer, general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865), earning recognition for his command of military strategy but criticism for the harshness of his scorched earth, scorched-earth policies, which he implemented in Sherman's march to the sea, his military campaign against the Confederate States. British military theorist and historian B. H. Liddell Hart declared that Sherman was "the most original genius of the American Civil War" and "the first modern general". Born in Lancaster, Ohio, into a politically prominent family, Sherman graduated in 1840 from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, West Point. In 1853, he interrupted his military career to pursue private business ventures, without much success. In 1859, he became superintendent of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1871 In Texas
Events January–March * January 3 – Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Bapaume – Prussians win a strategic victory. * January 18 – Proclamation of the German Empire: The member states of the North German Confederation and the south German states unite into a single nation state, known as the German Empire. The King of Prussia is declared the first German Emperor as Wilhelm I of Germany, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles. The Constitution of the German Confederation comes into effect. It abolishes all restrictions on Jewish marriage, choice of occupation, place of residence, and property ownership, but exclusion from government employment and discrimination in social relations remain in effect. * January 21 – Battle of Dijon: Giuseppe Garibaldi's group of French and Italian volunteer troops, in support of the French Third Republic, win a battle against the Prussians. * February 8 – 1871 French legislative election elects the first legislature of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres By Native Americans
A massacre is an event of killing people who are not engaged in hostilities or are defenseless. It is generally used to describe a targeted killing of civilians Glossary of French words and expressions in English#En masse, en masse by an armed group or person. The word is a Loanword, loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing. Etymology ''Massacre'' derives from late 16th century Middle French word ''macacre'' meaning "slaughterhouse" or "butchery". Further origins are dubious, though the word may be related to Latin ''macellum'' "provisions store, butcher shop". The Middle French word ''macecr'' "butchery, carnage" is first recorded in the late 11th century. Its primary use remained the context of animal slaughter (in hunting terminology referring to the head of a stag) well into the 18th century. The use of ''macecre'' "butchery" of the mass killing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack County, Texas
Jack County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 8,472. Its county seat is Jacksboro. The county was created in 1856 and organized the next year. It is named for Patrick Churchill Jack and his brother William Houston Jack, both soldiers of the Texas Revolution. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which are land and (1.0%) are covered by water. Major highways * U.S. Highway 281 * U.S. Highway 380 * State Highway 59 * State Highway 114 * State Highway 148 * State Highway 199 Adjacent counties * Clay County (north) * Montague County (northeast) * Wise County (east) * Parker County (southeast) * Palo Pinto County (south) * Young County (west) * Archer County (northwest) Demographics As of the 2000 census, 8,763 people, 3,047 households, and 2,227 families were residing in Jack County. The population density was . The 3,668 hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trial Of Satanta And Big Tree
The trial of Satanta and Big Tree occurred in May 1871 in the town of Jacksboro, Texas, Jacksboro in Jack County, Texas, United States. This historic trial of Native Americans in the United States, Native American war chiefs of the Kiowa Indians Satanta (White Bear), Satanta and Big Tree (war chief), Big Tree for the murder of seven teamsters during a raid on Salt Creek Prairie near Jacksboro, Texas, marked the first time the United States had tried Native Americans in the United States, Native American chiefs in a state court. The trial attracted national and international attention. The two Kiowa leaders, with Satank (Sitting Bear), a legendary third War Chief, were formally indicted on July 1, 1871, and tried shortly thereafter, for acts arising out of the Warren Wagon Train Raid.Wharton, Clarance. ''History of Texas'' Background Fort Richardson, Texas, Fort Richardson, near Jacksboro, Texas, was built to stop the Kiowa, Comanche, and Kiowa-Apache warriors, from violating the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ado-ete
Big Tree, Kiowa: Ado-eete (ca. 1850–1929), was a noted Kiowa warrior and chief. He was a loyal follower of the fighting chiefs party (led by Satank, Satanta, and Guipago), and conducted frequent raids upon other tribes and white settlers, often being associated with Tsen-tainte ("White Horse"). Born in Kiowa territory (possibly present-day Oklahoma), Big Tree, along with the Kiowa, was forced onto a reservation at Fort Sill in the Indian Territory by the Medicine Lodge Treaty Council in 1867. He began leading raids against white settlers near the reservation and across the Red River in northern Texas. In 1870, Big Tree purportedly led a raid on Fort Sill in Indian Territory, but gained his notoriety from the Warren Wagon Train raid the following year. Big Tree was arrested days later, along with Satanta and Satank, and tried for murder in Jacksboro, Texas. They were the first American Indian chiefs to be tried in civil court. The Warren wagon train and trial On May ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satanta (White Bear)
Satanta (IPA: eˈtʰæntə (Set'tainte ( éʔ.tˀã́j.dè or ''White Bear'') ( – October 11, 1878) was a Kiowa war chief. He was a member of the Kiowa tribe, born around 1815, during the height of the power of the Plains Tribes, probably along the Canadian River in the traditional winter camp grounds of his people. One of the best known, and last, of the Kiowa War Chiefs, he developed a reputation as an outstanding warrior and in his twenties was made a sub-chief of his tribe, under Dohäsan, as Chief. He fought with him at the First Battle of Adobe Walls, and earned enduring fame for his use of an army bugle to confuse the troops in battle. Satanta was born the son of Chief Red Tipi and a Spanish captive and spent his youth south of the Arkansas River enjoying the peaceful alliance between the Kiowa and Comanche tribes. Orator and warrior One of best known leaders of his tribe in the 1860s–1870s, Satanta was well known for both his prowess as a warrior, and his soar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Sill
Fort Sill is a United States Army post north of Lawton, Oklahoma, about 85 miles (137 km) southwest of Oklahoma City. It covers almost . The fort was first built during the Indian Wars. It is designated as a National Historic Landmark and serves as the home of the United States Army Field Artillery School, as well as the Marine Corps site for Field Artillery MOS school, United States Army Air Defense Artillery School, the 31st Air Defense Artillery Brigade, and the 75th Field Artillery Brigade. Fort Sill is also one of the four locations for the Army Basic Combat Training. It has played a significant role in every major American conflict since 1869.Janda, Lanceof Oklahoma History and Culture''. "Fort Sill."Retrieved 16 December 2013. History The site of Fort Sill was staked out on January 8, 1869, by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, who led a campaign into Indian Territory to stop tribes from raiding border settlements in Texas and Kansas. Sheridan's massive winter c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guipago
Guipago or Lone Wolf the Elder (, ; – July 1879) was the last Principal Chief of the Kiowa tribe. He was a member of the Koitsenko, the Kiowa warrior elite, and was a signer of the Little Arkansas Treaty in 1865. Background The Kiowa flourished as nomadic hunters in the early 19th Century. In 1863 Lone Wolf (Guipago), accompanied Yellow Wolf, Yellow Buffalo, Little Heart, and White Face Buffalo Calf; two Kiowa women Coy and Etla; and the Indian agent, Samuel G. Colley, to Washington D. C. to establish a policy that would favor the Kiowa, but it was a futile attempt. In the Little Arkansas Treaty of 1865, Dohasan, the last Chief of the unified Kiowa, signed the peace treaty along with Guipago, or Lone Wolf (the Elder), and other chiefs. Dohasan scorned the peace policy because he knew there would be no more buffalo in Kiowa hunting grounds and Guipago also knew the Kiowas could not live without buffalo hunts.J. Lee Jones, Jr., Red Raiders Retaliate: The Story of Lone Wolf (Seag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranald S
Ranald is a Scots and English Hanks; Hodges 2006 pp. 407–408; Hanks; Hodges 2003; Hanks; Hodges 1997 pp. 204, 205. masculine given name. It is an Anglicised form of the Scottish Gaelic Scottish Gaelic (, ; Endonym and exonym, endonym: ), also known as Scots Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Celtic language native to the Gaels of Scotland. As a member of the Goidelic language, Goidelic branch of Celtic, Scottish Gaelic, alongs ... name '' Raghnall,'' and a Scots version of ''Ronald.'' A short form of ''Ranald'' is ''Ran''. Hanks; Hodges 2003; Hanks; Hodges 1997 p. 205. Notable persons * Ranald Graham (1941–2010), Scottish writer, television director and producer * Ranald MacDonald (bishop) (1756–1832), Scottish Roman Catholic bishop * Ranald George Macdonald (1788–1873), Scottish clan chief and Member of British Parliament * Ranald MacDonald (1824–1894), English language teacher in Japan * Ranald Roderick Macdonald (1945–2007), British mathematician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
