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Walter De Merton
Walter de Merton ( – 27 October 1277) was Lord Chancellor of England, Archdeacon of Bath, founder of Merton College, Oxford, and Bishop of Rochester. For the first two years of the reign of Edward I he was – in all but name – Regent of England during the King's absence abroad. He died in 1277 after falling from his horse, and is buried in Rochester Cathedral. Early life Walter was born in around 1205 to a land-owning family at Basingstoke; beyond that there is no definite information about the date or place of birth. His mother was Christina Fitz-Oliver and his father William. By 1237 both his parents were dead, and Walter was a clerk in holy orders. He was perhaps educated at Merton Priory, but certainly was employed there as a young clerk, receiving from it the benefice of Cuddington. In 1241, Walter became clerk to Nicholas Farnham, quondam rector of another of Merton's parishes, Long Ditton, and now promoted to bishop of Durham. Career In 1241, Walter already held ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Rochester
The Bishop of Rochester is the Ordinary (officer), ordinary of the Church of England's Diocese of Rochester in the Province of Canterbury. The town of Rochester, Kent, Rochester has the bishop's seat, at the Rochester Cathedral, Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary, which was founded as a Catholic Church, Catholic cathedral in 604. After the English Reformation, during the late 17th and 18th centuries, it was customary for the Bishop of Rochester to also be appointed Dean of Westminster. Te practice ended in 1802. The diocese covers two London boroughs and West Kent, which includes Medway and Maidstone. The bishop's residence is Bishopscourt in Rochester. His Latin episcopal signature is: "(firstname) Roffen", ''Roffensis'' being the genitive case of the Latin name of the see. The office was created in 604 at the founding of the diocese in the Kingdom of Kent under Æthelberht of Kent, King Æthelberht. Jonathan Gibbs (bishop), Jonathan Gibbs has served as B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholic
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' (autonomous) churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies around the world, each overseen by one or more bishops. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor of Saint Peter, upo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Paris (1259)
The Treaty of Paris (1259) was a peace agreement between England and France that concluded decades of territorial conflict. It followed a long history of tensions dating back to the Norman Conquest and intensified by King John’s loss of Normandy in 1204 and his successors’ failed attempts to recover those lands. Pressured by military defeats, internal unrest, and King Louis IX’s desire for continental stability before the launch of the Seventh Crusade, both kingdoms entered negotiations. The treaty marked a significant turning point but left several issues unresolved, setting the stage for future disputes. Background This era held monumental significance in certain regions, particularly in Paris, which was considered “scarcely inferior to Rome” and recognized as one of the most important cities in Europe. Paris’ role as the seat of Europe’s oldest university, established to study God’s dealings with mankind, reinforced its cultures and intellectual importance. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prothonotary
A prothonotary is the "principal clerk of a court," from Late Latin, L.L. ''prothonotarius'' (Wiktionary:circa, c. 400), from Greek ''protonotarios'' "first scribe," originally the chief of the college of recorders of the court of the Byzantine Empire, from Greek language, Greek ' ''protos'' "first" + Latin ''notarius'' ("notary"); the ''h'' appeared in Medieval Latin. The title was awarded to certain high-ranking Solicitor, notaries, and was first recorded in the English language in 1447. = Usage = Byzantine Empire The office of ''prōtonotarios'' (), also ''proedros'' or ''primikerios, primikērios'' of the ''notarioi'', existed in mid-Byzantine Empire, Byzantine (7th through 10th centuries) administration as head of the colleges of the ''notarioi'' in various administrative departments. There were ''prōtonotarioi'' of the imperial ''notarioi'' (secretaries of the court), of the various ''sekreta'' or ''logothesia'' (government ministries), as well as for each ''Theme (Byzan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Of Kirkham
Walter of Kirkham (died 1260) was a medieval English official who held the positions of Keeper of the Wardrobe, Dean of York, and Bishop of Durham. He was elected bishop over Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, the brother of King Henry III. As bishop, he was instrumental in the founding of Balliol College in the University of Oxford. Early life Walter was probably a native of Kirkham, Yorkshire.Piper "Kirkham, Walter of" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' From about January 1224 Walter held the office of Keeper of the Wardrobe jointly with Walter Brackley. Brackley was out of office by February 1229, but Walter continued to hold the office until 15 August 1231. He held the office again from May 1234 until October 1236.Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 79 The record of office for Kirkham and Brackley from 1224 to 1227 is the first records of the king's Wardrobe to survive. The Wardrobe at this time was responsible not only for the household ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Durham
The bishop of Durham is head of the diocese of Durham in the province of York. The diocese is one of the oldest in England and its bishop is a member of the House of Lords. Paul Butler (bishop), Paul Butler was the most recent bishop of Durham until his retirement in February 2024. The bishop is officially styled ''The Right Reverend (First Name), by Divine Providence Lord Bishop of Durham'', but this full title is rarely used. In signatures, the bishop's family name is replaced by ''Dunelm'', from the Latin name for Durham (the Latinised form of Old English ''Dunholm''). In the past, bishops of Durham varied their signatures between ''Dunelm'' and the French language, French ''Duresm''. Prior to 1836 the bishop had significant State (polity), temporal powers over the liberty of Durham and later the County Palatine of Durham, county palatine of Durham. The bishop, with the bishop of Bath and Wells, escorts the sovereign at the Coronation of the British monarch, coronation. Durh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Ditton
Long Ditton is a residential suburb in the borough of Borough of Elmbridge, Elmbridge, Surrey, England on the boundary with the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames, Greater London, London. In medieval times it was a villages in the United Kingdom, village, occupying a narrow strip parish, strip of land. Neighbouring settlements include Hinchley Wood, Thames Ditton and Surbiton. Its northernmost part is south-west of central Kingston upon Thames, 11.3 miles from Charing Cross, and north-east of Guildford. It is divided in two by the South West Main Line and is bordered by a straight east–west spur road to meet the A3 road (Great Britain), A3 in a cutting (transportation), cutting to the south. The old Portsmouth Road passes by the River Thames in the northern end of the village, and the riverbank here is privately owned. In both local economy and public transport, the high street and railway stations at Hinchley Wood railway station, Hinchley Wood and Surbiton railway stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Farnham
Nicholas Farnham (or Nicholas of Farnham; died 1257) was a medieval Bishop of Durham. Farnham was probably a native of Farnham, Surrey. He studied at Oxford University before moving on to study at Paris and Bologna. At Paris he first studied theology, but later moved to medicine.Franklin "Farnham, Nicholas of" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' He taught at the University of Bologna as a teacher of medicine before moving to England.Moorman ''Church Life in England'' p. 163 He was at Paris when the riots of 1229 drove many teachers out of Paris. Farnham came to England because of King Henry III's offers of teaching chairs at Oxford to those displaced by the riots. Farnham was a royal physicianGreenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Durham: Bishops''Ferruolo "Quid dant artes nisi luctum?" ''History of Education Quarterly'' p. 11 before he became confessor to the king and queen in 1237. In 1239, the cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuddington, Surrey
Cuddington was a village in Surrey, England which was demolished to make way for Henry VIII's Nonsuch Palace near Cheam. Cuddington lay within the Copthorne hundred. There remains a small rise of land to mark the northern side of the old Cuddington parish church. The parish of Cuddington was part of Epsom Rural District and became part of the borough of Epsom and Ewell in 1933, with portions to the northeast and south becoming part of Cheam. In 1951 the parish had a population of 11,433. On 1 April 1974 the parish was abolished. History Cuddington lay within the Copthorne hundred, a strategic and judicial division predominantly used in Anglo Saxon England to supplement the county and parish (see vestry). In the Middle Ages the estates of Cuddington extended over , the southern part being upon the chalk downs, the centre on the Woolwich and Thanet beds, the rest upon the London clay. There was no ecclesiastical parish; the land was taxed with Ewell, but separately rated, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merton Priory
Merton Priory was an English Augustinian priory founded in 1114 by Gilbert Norman, Sheriff of Surrey under King Henry I (1100–1135). It was situated within the manor of Merton in the county of Surrey, in what is today the Colliers Wood area in the London Borough of Merton. Buildings and holdings The priory buildings were situated within the Diocese of Winchester (now in the Diocese of Southwark) and at the point where the River Wandle was crossed by Stane Street (the Roman road to Chichester), about outside the City of London. It held cultivated land and pastures there and at other places in Surrey and held manors and other lands elsewhere, as well as the patronage of churches, in England. Merton canons are the canons in Canons' Teign, Devon. History By 1117 the foundation had been colonised by Canons Regular from the Augustinian priory at Huntingdon and re-sited in Merton, close to the Wandle. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basingstoke
Basingstoke ( ) is a town in Hampshire, situated in south-central England across a valley at the source of the River Loddon on the western edge of the North Downs. It is the largest settlement in Hampshire without city status in the United Kingdom, city status. It is located north-east of Southampton, south-west of London, west of Guildford, south of Reading, Berkshire, Reading and north-east of the county town and former capital Winchester. According to the 2021 population estimate, the town had a population of 185,200. It is part of the borough of Basingstoke and Deane and part of the constituency#United Kingdom, parliamentary constituency of Basingstoke (UK Parliament constituency), Basingstoke. Basingstoke is an old market town expanded in the mid-1960s, as a result of an agreement between London County Council and Hampshire County Council. It was developed rapidly after the Second World War, along with various other towns in the United Kingdom, in order to accommodate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward I
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Latin: Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he was Lord of Ireland, and from 1254 to 1306 ruled Gascony as Duke of Aquitaine in his capacity as a vassal of the French king. Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as the Lord Edward. The eldest son of Henry III, Edward was involved from an early age in the political intrigues of his father's reign. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. After reconciling with his father, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War. After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was held hostage by the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and defeated the baronial leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. Within two years, the rebe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
