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Waka-jumping
In New Zealand politics, waka-jumping is a colloquial term for when a member of Parliament (MP) either switches political party between elections (taking their parliamentary seat with them and potentially upsetting electoral proportionality in the New Zealand Parliament) or when a list MP's party membership ceases. The action is also called party hopping. In 2001, legislation was enacted that required MPs to leave Parliament if they left their party; this law expired after the 2005 election. In 2018 a similar law was passed which requires a defecting MP to give up their seat on the request of their former party leader. Electorate MPs may re-contest their seat in a by-election, whereas list MPs are replaced by the next available person on the party list. A 2013 Fairfax-Ipsos poll found that 76% of those surveyed oppose MPs staying in Parliament if they leave their party. Legislation The implementation of the mixed-member proportional (MMP) electoral system after a refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2018
The Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Acts are two Act of parliament, Acts of Parliament by the New Zealand Parliament which force the expulsion of Member of parliament#New Zealand, members of the New Zealand Parliament who have resigned from or been expelled from the political party for which they were elected. Two such Acts have been passed: the Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2001 (see Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2018#Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2001, § 2001), which expired in 2005, and the Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2018 (see Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2018#Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2018, § 2018), which remains in force. The New Zealand Parliament is elected using Mixed-member proportional representation, mixed-member proportional voting and the Electoral Act 1993 provides for the election of List MP, list members on behalf of List of political parties in New Zealand, registered political parties. Particularly in the 1990s, repe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Switching
Party switching or party hopping is any change in political party affiliation of a partisan public figure, usually one currently holding election, elected office. Party switching occurs quite commonly in Brazil, India, Indonesia, Italy, Romania, Ukraine, and the Philippines. Australia It is rare in Australia for a member of a major party to switch to another political party, especially another to major party. It is more common for a member of parliament to Independent politicians in Australia, become an independent or form their own minor political party. Notable individual party switchers at federal level include: *Agnes Robertson Robertson, Agnes Robertson – Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal to Australian Country Party (1920), Country, 1955 *Don Chipp – Liberal to Australian Democrats, Democrats (new party), 1977 *Peter Richardson (Australian politician), Peter Richardson – Liberal to Progress Party (Australia), Progress, 1977 *John Siddons and David Vigor – Democra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waka (canoe)
Waka () are Māori people, Māori watercraft, usually canoes ranging in size from small, unornamented canoes (''waka tīwai'') used for fishing and river travel to large, decorated war canoes (''waka taua'') up to long. The earliest remains of a canoe in New Zealand were found near the Anaweka River, Anaweka estuary in a remote part of the Tasman District and Radiocarbon dating, radiocarbon-dated to about 1400. The canoe was constructed in New Zealand, but was a sophisticated canoe, compatible with the style of other Polynesian voyaging canoes at that time. Since the 1970s, about eight large double-hulled canoes of about 20 metres have been constructed for oceanic voyaging to other parts of the Pacific Ocean, Pacific. They are made of a blend of modern and traditional materials, incorporating features from ancient Melanesia, as well as Polynesia. Waka taua (war canoes) ''Waka taua'' (in Māori language, Māori, ''waka'' means "canoe" and ''taua'' means "army" or "war party") a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Wilson
Margaret Anne Wilson (born 20 May 1947) is a New Zealand lawyer, academic and former Labour Party politician. She served as Attorney-General from 1999 to 2005 and Speaker of the House of Representatives from 2005 to 2008, during the Fifth Labour Government. Early life and career Born in Gisborne, Wilson was raised in Morrinsville where her parents Bill and Patricia (Paddy) ran a small store. She was the eldest of four children. As a seven-year-old, she spent several months living in Auckland with her great-aunt and great-uncle after her father had a nervous breakdown. Wilson's family were Catholic and Labour-voting; Bill's father's cousin was the Labor Party Premier of New South Wales, Bob Heffron. Wilson returned to Auckland to receive secondary education at St Dominic's College, and completed her final year as the only female student at Morrinsville College. She had a leg amputated due to cancer at the age of 16, which cut short her plans to be a physical education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Counsel Office (New Zealand)
The Parliamentary Counsel Office (PCO; Māori: ''Te Tari Tohutohu Pāremata'') is New Zealand's law drafting office. It drafts New Zealand Government Bills (except Inland Revenue Bills) and Legislative Instruments. It also publishes all New Zealand Bills, Acts, and Legislative Instruments in print and on the New Zealand Legislation website. History In the years before the enactment of the Statutes Drafting and Compilation Act 1920, the role of Law Draftsman was housed within several different offices. In 1920, the Law Drafting Office was established as a separate Office of Parliament by statute. In 1973, the Law Drafting Office was renamed the Parliamentary Counsel Office. The principal officers of the office were also renamed: the Law Draftsman became the Chief Parliamentary Counsel and Assistant Law Draftsmen were renamed as Parliamentary Counsel. In 1985, the Fourth Labour Government reformed the public service via the Parliamentary Service Act 1985. It abolished the L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scoop (website)
Scoop, a New Zealand Internet news site, is operated by Scoop Publishing Limited, a company owned by a non-profit charitable trust dedicated to public-interest journalism. Operational model The website publishes many submitted news and press releases due to their permissive policy. Their website states: "If it's a press release issued in New Zealand, is legible, legal, sane, not hateful and not defamatory we will most probably publish it." In addition to being a general news website, Scoop also contains sub-sites with specific fociWellington.scoop which aggregates Wellington-specific news with editorial comment, and alsPacific.scoopwhich publishes Pacific-related news and is edited by Auckland University of Technology's Pacific Media Centre. As of March 2012, the website claimed to receive 246,500 visitors and 614,500 page impressions per month. Scoop was ranked 3rd by Nielsen Net Ratings in their News Category. History It was established in 1999 by Andrew McNaughton, Ian Ll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donna Awatere Huata
Donna Lynn Awatere Huata (sometimes written Awatere-Huata, previously known as Donna Awatere; born 1949) is a former member of the New Zealand Parliament for the ACT New Zealand Party, activist for Māori people, Māori causes, and convicted fraudster. Early life Donna Awatere was born in Rotorua in 1949, and was educated in Auckland. Her primary area of study was education, particularly educational psychology, but she has also undertaken study in operatic singing and film production. Her father, Colonel Arapeta Awatere DSO MC, was a prominent member of the Māori Battalion who was later elected to the Auckland City Council. In 1969 he was convicted of the murder of his mistress's lover and sent to jail, where he eventually died. Activism From the 1970s Awatere became involved in the Māori protest movement, including the group Ngā Tamatoa. She was a leading protester against the 1981 Springbok Tour, and in 1984 she published ''Maori Sovereignty'', which became a key text in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2002 New Zealand General Election
The 2002 New Zealand general election was held on 27 July 2002 to determine the composition of the 47th New Zealand Parliament. It saw the reelection of Helen Clark's Labour Party government, as well as the worst-ever performance by the opposition National Party (the 2020 election would see it suffer a greater defeat in terms of net loss of seats). A controversial issue in the election campaign was the end of a moratorium on genetic engineering, strongly opposed by the Green Party. Some commentators have claimed that the tension between Labour and the Greens on this issue was a more notable part of the campaign than any tension between Labour and its traditional right-wing opponents. The release of Nicky Hager's book '' Seeds of Distrust'' prior to the election also sparked much debate. The book examined how the government handled the contamination of a shipment of imported corn with genetically modified seeds. Helen Clark called the Greens "goths and anarcho-feminists" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helen Clark
Helen Elizabeth Clark (born 26 February 1950) is a New Zealand politician who served as the 37th prime minister of New Zealand from 1999 to 2008 and was the administrator of the United Nations Development Programme from 2009 to 2017. She was New Zealand's List of Prime Ministers of New Zealand by time in office, fifth-longest-serving prime minister, and the second woman to hold that office. Clark was brought up on a farm outside Hamilton, New Zealand, Hamilton. She entered the University of Auckland in 1968 to study politics and became active in the New Zealand Labour Party. After graduating she lectured in political studies at the university. Clark entered local politics in 1974 in Auckland but was not elected to any position. Following one unsuccessful attempt, she was elected to New Zealand Parliament, Parliament in as the member for Mount Albert (New Zealand electorate), Mount Albert, an New Zealand electorates, electorate she represented until 2009. Clark held numerous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Anderton's Progressive Party
Jim Anderton's Progressive Party (formed on 27 July 2002 as the Progressive Party and renamed after its founder in 2005) was a New Zealand political party to the political left of its ally, the Labour Party. The party was established when Jim Anderton and his supporters left the Alliance party. The Progressive Party held at least one seat in Parliament from 2002 to 2011 because of Anderton's victories in the electorate of Wigram. The party did not contest the 2011 general election, and was de-registered at its own request on 9 March 2012 . Policies Economically, the party was left of centre, and placed particular attention on economic development. It had a particular focus on the creation of jobs, and said it was committed to achieving full employment. Among its other policy objectives were free education and free healthcare, four weeks of annual leave from work, an "anti-drugs" policy, and cutting the corporate tax rate to 30%. It also advocated an abolition of the Goods ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Anderton
James Patrick Anderton (born Byrne; 21 January 1938 – 7 January 2018) was a New Zealand politician who led a succession of Left-wing politics, left-wing parties after leaving the New Zealand Labour Party, Labour Party in 1989. Anderton's political career began when he was elected to the Manukau City Council in 1965. After serving for five years as New Zealand Labour Party#List of presidents, Labour Party president, Anderton successfully stood as the Labour candidate for Sydenham (New Zealand electorate), Sydenham in Christchurch in . However, he soon came into conflict with the party's leadership, and became an outspoken critic of the Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand, Fourth Labour Government's free-market reforms, called Rogernomics. In April 1989, believing that Labour was beyond change, Anderton resigned from the party. As leader of the Alliance (New Zealand political party), Alliance and later the New Zealand Progressive Party, Progressive Party, he served as the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
