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Wageningen Environmental Research
Wageningen Environmental Research (WENR) is a research institute for the green environment, part of Wageningen University & Research (WUR) in Wageningen, the Netherlands. The institute was initially called Alterra; in 2016, the present name was adopted. WENR conducts research for policy, management and design of green spaces on a local, national and international scale. The institute has knowledge and expertise in research areas such as water, soil, climate, landscape, nature, biodiversity, forestry, ecology, the environment, land use, spatial planning, geo-information, remote sensing and recreation. Wageningen Environmental Research employs a total of over 400 people. The institute was formed in 2000 from a merger between the "Staring Centrum/Winand Staring Centre" (DLO-SC) and the Institute for Forest and Nature Research (''Instituut voor Bos- en Natuuronderzoek'', DLO-IBN). The Foundation for Soil Mapping (''Stichting voor Bodemkartering'') is one of its predecessors that had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wageningen University - Building Lumen
Wageningen () is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and a historic city in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specialises in life sciences. The municipality had a population of in , of which many thousands are students from over 150 countries. Demographics Inhabitants by nationality 71,68% is Dutch, 28,32% has a migration background. Geography Wageningen is situated on the north bank of the Nederrijn (the Dutch portion of the Lower Rhine) part of the and the Veluwe, of which the southwest hill is called the ''Wageningse Berg''. Wageningen can be reached by car from highways A12 via the N781, A15 via the N233 and N225, and A50 via the N225, and from the Ede-Wageningen railway station via a 20-minute bus drive to the Wageningen central terminal (see below)., ''Topographic map of the municipality of Wageningen, July 2013 (click to enlarge)'' History The oldest known settlements in the Wageni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variability of life, life on Earth. It can be measured on various levels. There is for example genetic variability, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and Phylogenetics, phylogenetic diversity. Diversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is greater in the tropics as a result of the warm climate and high primary productivity in the region near the equator. Tropical forest ecosystems cover less than one-fifth of Earth's terrestrial area and contain about 50% of the world's species. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity for both marine and terrestrial taxa. Since Abiogenesis, life began on Earth, six major mass extinctions and several minor events have led to large and sudden drops in biodiversity. The Phanerozoic aeon (the last 540 million years) marked a rapid growth in biodiversity via the Cambrian explosion. In this period, the majority of Multicellular organism, multicellular Phylum, phyla first appeared. The next 400 mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Soil Museum
The World Soil Museum (WSM) displays physical examples of soil profiles (monoliths) representing major soil types of the world, from the volcanic ash soils from Indonesia to the red, strongly weathered soils from the Amazon region. The museum is managed by the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC), an independent, science-based foundation. Physically, the museum is located on the campus of Wageningen University and Research Centre in Wageningen, The Netherlands. The WSM (originally known as International Soil Museum) was created in 1996 at the request of UNESCO and the International Society of Soil Science International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The T ..., with a view to underpin the development of the FAO-UNESCO 'Soil Map of the World' FAO soil classifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wageningen Social & Economic Research
Wageningen Social & Economic Research (WSER) is one of the research institutes of Wageningen University & Research (WUR). Former names of the institute are Landbouw-Economisch Instituut (LEI) ("Agricultural Economics Institute", 1930s–2016) and Wageningen Economic Research (abbreviated WEcR, 2016–2024). In 2025, the Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation (founded as the International Agricultural Centre, IAC, 1951–2009) merged with WEcR to become the present WSER. Activities Within the Netherlands and Belgium, WSER is a leading institute for social-economic research in the fields of agriculture, horticulture and fisheries, the management of rural areas, the agricultural sector and the production and consumption of food. Through this research, WSER provides support for the decisions that governments and businesses need to make in the fields of competitiveness, the management of production chains, spatial planning, environmental protection, natural resources, the Euro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wageningen Marine Research
Wageningen Marine Research (WMR) is a research institute of Wageningen University & Research (WUR) which is focused on strategic and applied marine ecological research. Wageningen Marine Research was created in 2006 by the merger of the National Institute for Fisheries Research (''Rijksinstituut voor Visserijonderzoek'', RIVO), parts of Wageningen Environmental Research (WENR), and the Ecological Risk Department of Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO). The thus formed research institute has branches in IJmuiden, Yerseke and Den Helder Den Helder () is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Den Helder occupies the northernmost point of the North Holland peninsula. It is home to the country's main naval base. From here the Royal TESO fe ... and employs about 180 researchers. The institute changed its name in 2016 from IMARES (''Institute for Marine Resources & Ecosystem Studies'') to Wageningen Marine Rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wageningen Food Safety Research
Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) is a reseach institute for food safety, part of Wageningen University & Research (WUR) in the Netherlands. History On the initiative of Minister of Agriculture Carola Schouten, articulated in a ''Kamerbrief'' (letter to Parliament) of 7 June 2018, the institute was established in 2019 by merging the existing RIKILT (WUR) and the Laboratory for Feed and Food Safety of the Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit (NVWA, an agency of the Ministry of Agriculture). A major reason for the merger was to establish a single organisation to support the NVWA and the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV, since 2024 LVVN) and Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (VWS) in incidents and crises in the field of feed and food safety, as well as food fraud. Activities WFSR is an expertise centre for food and feed safety. The institute provides laboratory support to the NVWA and relevant ministries in the event of emergencies. It also cond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recreation
Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for happiness, enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun". Etymology The term ''recreation'' appears to have been used in English first in the late 14th century, first in the sense of "refreshment or curing of a sick person", and derived turn from Latin (''re'': "again", ''creare'': "to create, bring forth, beget"). Prerequisites to leisure People spend their time on activities of daily living, Employment, work, sleep, social duties and leisure, the latter time being free from prior commitments to physiologic or social needs, a prerequisite of recreation. Leisure has increased with increased longevity and, for many, with decreased hours spent for physical and economic survival, yet others argue that time pressure has increased for modern people, as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Remote Sensing
Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an physical object, object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, in contrast to in situ or on-site observation. The term is applied especially to acquiring information about Earth and other planets. Remote sensing is used in numerous fields, including geophysics, geography, land surveying and most Earth science disciplines (e.g. exploration geophysics, hydrology, ecology, meteorology, oceanography, glaciology, geology). It also has military, intelligence, commercial, economic, planning, and humanitarian applications, among others. In current usage, the term ''remote sensing'' generally refers to the use of satellite- or airborne-based sensor technologies to detect and classify objects on Earth. It includes the surface and the atmosphere and oceans, based on wave propagation, propagated signals (e.g. electromagnetic radiation). It may be split into "active" remote sensing (when a signal is emitted b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geo-information
Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position). It is also called geospatial data and information, georeferenced data and information, as well as geodata and geoinformation. Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS). There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data. Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling. Fields of study Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly: * Geocomputation * Geographic information science ** Geographic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spatial Planning
Spatial planning mediates between the respective claims on space of the state, market, and community. In so doing, three different mechanisms of involving stakeholders, integrating sectoral policies and promoting development projects mark the three schools of transformative strategy formulation, innovation action and performance in spatial planning Spatial planning systems refer to the methods and approaches used by the public and private sectors to influence the distribution of people and activities in different geographic areas. Spatial planning coordinates practices and policies that shape spatial organization. Spatial planning is synonymous with the practices of urban planning in the United States but at larger scales, and the term is often used in reference to planning efforts in European countries. Discrete professional disciplines which involve spatial planning include land use planning, land use, urban planning, urban, regional planning, regional, transport planning, tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Use
Land use is an umbrella term to describe what happens on a parcel of land. It concerns the benefits derived from using the land, and also the land management actions that humans carry out there. The following categories are used for land use: forest land, cropland ( agricultural land), grassland, wetlands, settlements and other lands. The way humans use land, and how land use is changing, has many impacts on the environment. Effects of land use choices and changes by humans include, for example, urban sprawl, soil erosion, soil degradation, land degradation and desertification. Land use and land management practices have a major impact on natural resources including water, soil, nutrients, plants and animals. ''Land use change'' is "the change from one land-use category to another". Land-use change, together with use of fossil fuels, are the major anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide, a dominant greenhouse gas. Human activity is the most significant cause of land c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecology
Ecology () is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms and their Natural environment, environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community (ecology), community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, and natural history. Ecology is a branch of biology, and is the study of abundance (ecology), abundance, biomass (ecology), biomass, and distribution of organisms in the context of the environment. It encompasses life processes, interactions, and adaptations; movement of materials and energy through living communities; ecological succession, successional development of ecosystems; cooperation, competition, and predation within and between species; and patterns of biodiversity and its effect on ecosystem processes. Ecology has practical applications in fields such as conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
