|
Wadi Elrayan
Wadi El Rayan is a unique nature protectorate in Faiyum Governorate, Egypt, under the supervision of the Ministry of Environmental Affairs (EEAA). History Wadi el Rayan is mentioned in Coptic sources as Pilihēy (), a salt lake west of Kalamoun where Samuel the Confessor liked to rest. Geography The valley of Wadi El-Rayan is an area of , of which are the dominating water body of the Wadi El Rayan lakes. It is located about southwest of Faiyum city and west of the Nile River. The Wadi has been used for man-made lakes from agricultural drainage which has made a reserve of the two separate Wadi El Rayan Lakes. The reserve is composed of a upper lake and a lower lake, with waterfalls between the two. Among the springs, there are three sulphur springs at the southern side of the lower lake, with extensive mobile sand dunes. Wadi El Rayan Waterfalls are considered to be the largest waterfalls in Egypt. At the south and southeast of the springs is Gabal Manqueer Al Rayan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faiyum Governorate
Faiyum ( ) is one of the governorates of Egypt in the middle of the country. Its capital is the city of Faiyum, located about 81 mi (130 km) south west of Cairo. It has a population of 3,848,708 (2020). Etymology The name Faiyum comes from Coptic language, Coptic / ''efiom/peiom'' (whence the proper name ), meaning ''the Sea'' or ''the Lake'', which in turn comes from late Egyptian language, Egyptian ''pA y-m'' of the same meaning, a reference to the nearby Lake Moeris. Overview The rate of poverty is more than 60% in this governorate but recently some social safety networks have been provided in the form of financial assistance and job opportunities. The funding has been coordinated by the Ministry of Finance (Egypt), country's Ministry of Finance and with assistance from international organizations. Municipal divisions The governorate is divided into the following Subdivisions of Egypt#Municipal divisions, municipal divisions for administrative purposes, with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutcetus
''Tutcetus'' is an extinct genus of diminutive basilosaurid cetacean from the Bartonian of Egypt. ''Tutcetus'', named after the child pharaoh Tutankhamun, is both one of the oldest known basilosaurids from Africa and the smallest member of the family. It is suggested that the type specimen, a subadult close to maturity, only measured approximately long. The genus is monotypic, only including the species ''T. rayanensis''. History and naming ''Tutcetus'' was first described in August 2023 on the basis of a single specimen, MUVP 501. The specimen consists of an incomplete skull found alongside both mandibles, the hyoid, and some of the first vertebrae of the neck. The remains stem from the Fayum Depression of Egypt, which is well known for its rich record of early whales. More specifically, the bones of ''Tutcetus'' stem from the Sath El-Hadid Formation, which dates to the early Bartonian (ca. 41 mya). The name ''Tutcetus'' is a reference to the pharaoh Tutankhamun, also known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faiyum Mummy Portraits
Mummy portraits or Fayum mummy portraits are a type of naturalistic painted portrait on wooden boards attached to upper class mummies from Roman Egypt. They belong to the tradition of panel painting, one of the most highly regarded forms of art in the Classical world. The Fayum portraits are the only large body of art from that tradition to have survived. They were formerly, and incorrectly, called Coptic portraits. Mummy portraits have been found across Egypt, but are most common in the Faiyum Basin, particularly from Hawara and the Hadrianic Roman city Antinoopolis. "Faiyum portraits" is generally used as a stylistic, rather than a geographic, description. While painted cartonnage mummy cases date back to pharaonic times, the Faiyum mummy portraits were an innovation dating to the time of Roman rule in Egypt. The portraits date to the Imperial Roman era, from the late 1st century BC or the early 1st century AD onwards. It is not clear when their production ended, but s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fayum Alphabet
The Fayum alphabet is an Ancient Greek abecedary inscribed on four copper plates, purportedly found in Fayum, Egypt but made in Cyprus. It may preserve the earliest form of the Greek alphabet. It is the only known Greek abecedary which ends in the letter tau (Τ), as does the ancestral Phoenician alphabet; all other Greek abecedaries have at least the addition of non-Phoenician upsilon (Υ). See also *History of the Greek alphabet *Dipylon inscription The Dipylon inscription is a short text written on an ancient Greek pottery vessel dated to . It is famous for being the oldest, or one of the oldest, known samples of the use of the Greek alphabet. The text is scratched on an ''oenochoe'', whic ... References External linksThe Schøyen Collection (MS 108 The Earliest Greek Alphabet) photograph of one of the tablets, with history Greek alphabet Faiyum {{AncientGreek-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake El Rayan
Lake El Rayan is a lake located within the Wadi El Rayan Protected Area in Egypt. It covers an area of 52.9 square kilometers and consists of two lakes connected by a waterfall area. The lake is an important source of fish resources. Geography Lake El Rayan is located in the southwestern region of the Faiyum Governorate, Fayoum Governorate, situated within the Western Desert. It is situated approximately 25 kilometers to the south of the city. Wadi El Rayan project commenced in October 1968, following an increase in the water level of Lake Moeris, Lake Qarun, which posed a threat to the infrastructure constructed around it. This infrastructure was designed to serve as a reservoir for agricultural drainage water in Faiyum, Fayoum. The project was concluded in January 1973, with the initial transfer of agricultural drainage water. The project encompasses the construction of a 5.9-kilometer-long canal extending from the periphery of the governorate to the desert boundary. This is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crocodilopolis
Faiyum ( ; , ) is a city in Middle Egypt. Located southwest of Cairo, in the Faiyum Oasis, it is the capital of the modern Faiyum Governorate. It is one of Egypt's oldest cities due to its strategic location. Name and etymology Originally founded by the ancient Egyptians as Shedet, its current name in English is also spelled as Fayum, Faiyum or al-Faiyūm. Faiyum was also previously officially named Madīnat al-Faiyūm (Arabic language, Arabic for ''The City of Faiyum''). The name Faiyum (and its spelling variations) may also refer to the Faiyum Oasis, although it is commonly used by Egyptians today to refer to the city. The modern name of the city comes from Coptic language, Coptic / ' (whence also the personal name '), meaning ''the Sea'' or ''the Lake'', which in turn comes from late Egyptian language, Egyptian ''pꜣ-ym'' of the same meaning, a reference to the nearby Lake Moeris; the extinct elephant ancestor ''Phiomia'' was named after it. Ancient history Archaeo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahr Yussef
The Bahr Yussef (; "the waterway of Joseph") is a canal which connects the Nile River with Faiyum Oasis in Egypt. In ancient times it was called Tomis () by the Greeks, which was derived from its Egyptian name ''Tm.t'' ("ending canal"). That name was still in use after the Arab conquest, translated into Arabic as al-Manhi (). It was also known as "the Great canal" () or "the canal of Moeris". The modern Arabic name refers to the prophet Yusuf, the Quranic counterpart of the biblical Joseph. In prehistoric times, the canal was a natural offshoot of the Nile which created a lake to the west during high floods. Beginning with the Twelfth Dynasty, the waterway was enlarged and the Fayyum was developed to enlarge Lake Moeris (now Birket Qarun). The canal was built into the natural incline of the valley, creating a channel 15 km long and 5 m deep that sloped into the Fayyum depression. The canal was controlled by the Ha-Uar Dam, which was actually two dams that regulated the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vagrancy (biology)
Vagrancy is a phenomenon in biology whereby an individual animal (usually a bird) appears well outside its normal range; they are known as vagrants. The term accidental is sometimes also used. There are a number of poorly understood factors which might cause an animal to become a vagrant, including internal causes such as navigation errors (endogenous vagrancy) and external causes such as severe weather (exogenous vagrancy). Vagrancy events may lead to colonisation and eventually to speciation. Birds In the Northern Hemisphere, adult birds (possibly inexperienced younger adults) of many species are known to continue past their normal breeding range during their spring migration and end up in areas further north (such birds are termed spring overshoots). In autumn, some young birds, instead of heading to their usual wintering grounds, take "incorrect" courses and migrate through areas which are not on their normal migration path. For example, Siberian passerines which normal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird Migration
Bird migration is a seasonal movement of birds between breeding and wintering grounds that occurs twice a year. It is typically from north to south or from south to north. Animal migration, Migration is inherently risky, due to predation and mortality. The Arctic tern holds the long-distance migration record for birds, travelling between Arctic breeding grounds and the Antarctic each year. Some species of Procellariiformes, tubenoses, such as albatrosses, circle the Earth, flying over the southern oceans, while others such as Manx shearwaters migrate between their northern breeding grounds and the southern ocean. Shorter migrations are common, while longer ones are not. The shorter migrations include altitudinal migrations on mountains, including the Andes and Himalayas. The timing of migration seems to be controlled primarily by changes in day length. Migrating birds navigate using celestial cues from the Sun and stars, the Earth's magnetic field, and mental maps. Histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fennec Fox
The fennec fox (''Vulpes zerda'') is a small fox native to the deserts of North Africa, ranging from Western Sahara and Mauritania to the Sinai Peninsula. Its most distinctive feature is its unusually large ears, which serve to dissipate heat and listen for underground prey. The fennec is the smallest fox species. Its coat, ears, and kidney functions have Xerocole, adapted to the desert environment with high temperatures and little water. The fennec fox mainly eats insects, small mammals and birds. It has a life span of up to 14 years in captivity and about 10 years in the wild. Pups are preyed upon by the Pharaoh eagle-owl; both adults and pups may possibly fall prey to jackals and striped hyenas. Fennec families dig out burrows in the sand for habitation and protection, which can be as large as and adjoin the burrows of other families. Precise population figures are not known but are estimated from the frequency of sightings; these indicate that the fennec fox is currently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorcas Gazelle
The dorcas gazelle (''Gazella dorcas''), also known as the ariel gazelle, is a small and common gazelle. The dorcas gazelle stands about at the shoulder, with a head and body length of and a weight of . The numerous subspecies survive on vegetation in grassland, steppe, wadis, mountain desert and in semidesert climates of Africa and Arabia. About 35,000–40,000 exist in the wild. Taxonomy and evolution The scientific name of the dorcas gazelle is ''Gazella dorcas'', the name coming from Ancient Greek (''dorkas''), which referred to a roe deer, gazelle or antelope. It is a member of the genus '' Gazella'' and the family Bovidae. The species was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' in 1758. Although zoologist Theodor Haltenorth considered ''G. d. pelzelnii'' to be an independent species, the following six subspecies are identified: *''G. d.'' subsp. ''beccarii'' De Beaux, 1931 – Eritrean dorcas gazelle *''G. d. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
