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Văn Cao
Văn Cao (born Nguyễn Văn Cao, ; 15 November 192310 July 1995) was a Vietnamese composer whose works include ''Tiến Quân Ca'', which became the national anthem of Vietnam. He, along with Phạm Duy and Trịnh Công Sơn, is widely considered one of the three most salient figures of 20th-century (non-classical) Vietnamese music. Văn Cao was also a notable poet and a painter. In 1996, he was posthumously awarded the Hồ Chí Minh Prize for Music. Career After the '' Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair'', a movement for political and cultural freedom in 1956, he had to stop composing. Most of his songs, except ''Tiến Quân Ca'', ''Làng Tôi'', ''Tiến Về Hà Nội'', and ''Trường Ca Sông Lô'' were prohibited in North Vietnam. All of his songs were once again authorized in Vietnam until after the Đổi Mới, 1987. In 1992, the American composer Robert Ashley composed the solo piano piece ''Văn Cao's Meditation'', which is based on a National Geographic ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hai Phong
Haiphong or Hai Phong (, ) is the third-largest city in Vietnam and is the principal port city of the Red River Delta. The municipality has an area of , consisting of 8 urban districts, 6 rural districts and 1 municipal city (sub-city). Two of the rural districts cover islands in the South China Sea: Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải. It has a population of 2,130,898 in 2023. The city's economy has strength in manufacturing, as evidenced by large industrial parks and numerous smaller traditional handicraft villages. Historically, Haiphong was the first place in Vietnam and Mainland Southeast Asia to get electricity. In the imperial era of Đại Việt, the Bạch Đằng River in Haiphong was a place of many legendary victories, led by now-legendary commanders Ngô Quyền and Trần Hưng Đạo. In the 16th century, Mạc dynasty promoted the coastal settlement as a secondary capital, growing to become an important port town of Đàng Ngoài. After the French conquest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm Affair
The ''Nhân Văn-Giai Phẩm'' affair () was a cultural-political movement in North Vietnam in the late 1950s. Two periodicals were established during that time, Nhân Văn (, ''Humanities'') and Giai Phẩm (, ''Masterpieces''), many issues of which were published demanding freedom of speech, creativity and human rights. Following a loosening of political restrictions with some similarities to the Chinese Hundred Flowers Campaign, there was a hardening of attitudes. After those two major journals were closed down, their political associates were imprisoned or reeducated. Moreover, the agenda of ''Nhân Văn-Giai Phẩm'' was linked to "reactionary" political projects against the North Vietnamese government (the Ngo Dinh Diem regime reprinted Nhan Van-Giai Pham articles and distributed them as anti-communist propaganda materials. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Republic Of Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifteenth-most populous country. One of two communist states in Southeast Asia, Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. Before the Han dynasty's invasion, Vietnam was marked by a vibrant mix of religion, culture, and social norms. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam, which were subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Republic Of Vietnam
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; ; VNDCCH), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, with sovereignty fully recognized in 1954. A member of the communist Eastern Bloc, it opposed the French-supported State of Vietnam and later the Western-allied Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam). The DRV invaded Saigon in 1975 and ceased to exist the following year when it merged with the south to become the current Socialist Republic of Vietnam. During the August Revolution following World War II, Vietnamese communist revolutionary Hồ Chí Minh, leader of the Việt Minh Front, declared independence on 2 September 1945 and proclaimed the creation of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The Việt Minh (formally the "League for the Independence of Vietnam"), led by communists, socialists, nationalists and even progressive elements of the landowning class was created in 1941 and designed to appeal to a wider population than the Indochin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Léa
Operation Léa was a French Union military operation between 7 October and 8 November 1947 during the First Indochina War. It is also known as the Việt Bắc campaign (''Chiến Dịch Việt Bắc'') by the Viet Minh. It was an attempt by the French General Valluy to crush the Việt Minh. An airborne force would capture the Việt Minh leadership and three French columns would strike into the Việt Minh heartland. The parachute assault surprised the Việt Minh, nearly capturing Ho Chi Minh and General Giap, but it soon recovered and began ambushing the three French columns. The operation was soon called off and the French forces withdrew to the lowlands. It was a tactical success, inflicting severe casualties on the Việt Minh but was strategically inconclusive because it failed to capture the Việt Minh leadership or seriously cripple its military forces.Tucker, 1999, p. 55.Davidson, p. 50–54. Background After the outbreak of hostilities on 19 December 1946, the Fren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Việt Minh
The Việt Minh (, ) is the common and abbreviated name of the League for Independence of Vietnam ( or , ; ), which was a communist-led national independence coalition formed at Pác Bó by Hồ Chí Minh on 19 May 1941. Also known as the Việt Minh Front (), it was created by the Indochinese Communist Party (ICP) as a united front to achieve the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The was previously formed by Hồ Học Lãm in Nanjing, China, at some point between August 1935 and early 1936, when Vietnamese nationalist parties formed an anti-imperialist united front. This organization soon lapsed into inactivity, only to be taken over by Hồ Chí Minh and the ICP in 1941. They presented the organization as inclusive of political groups, with a founding charter more nationalist than communist. It exhorted "soldiers, workers, peasants, intellectuals, civil servants, merchants, young men and women" to overthrow "French jackals" and "Japanese fascists" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Huy Tưởng
Nguyễn Huy Tưởng (Dục Tú village, Từ Sơn, Bắc Ninh, 6 May 1912 – 25 July 1960) was a Vietnamese revolutionary, writer and playwright. He joined the independence movement at a young age and held positions in the cultural apparatus of the North Vietnam state. In 1996 he was posthumously awarded the Hồ Chí Minh Prize The Hồ Chí Minh Prize () is an honorary award given by the government of Vietnam in recognition of cultural and/or scientific achievement. The prize was established by decree in 1981, and has been awarded in 1996, 2000, 2005 and 2012, often pos ... for Literature and Art. Works Novels * (1942) *An Tư công chúa (1944) *Truyện Anh Lục (1955) *Bốn năm sau (1959) *Sống mãi với Thủ Đô (1961) *Lá cờ thêu sáu chữ vàng Plays * :vi:Vũ Như Tô (1943)The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia - Page 578 Don Rubin - 1998 "The first spoken drama in Vietnamese was Chen thuoc doc (A Cup of Poison) by Vu Dinh Long (1901� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trương Chi
Trương or Truong is a Vietnamese surname. Individuals with the surname Trương make up approximately 2.2% of the population and rank eighth on the list of the most common surnames in Vietnam. They are primarily of Kinh ethnicity (Vietnamese people) but also include people from the Chinese, Cham, Tho, and San Diu ethnic groups in Vietnam. Origin The Vietnamese surname Trương derives from the Chinese surname Zhang, both written in the Han script as 張. Zhang is the third most common Chinese surname in China and fourth in Taiwan. Notable people with the surname * André Truong Trong Thi (1936–2005), Vietnamese-French engineer, called the "father of the personal computer" * Doris Truong, president of the Asian American Journalists Association * Hieu C. Truong (born 1941), Vietnamese Canadian engineer * Monique Truong (born 1968), writer * Paul Truong (born 1965), American chess player, trainer, and organizer * Trương Bửu Diệp (1897–1946), Vietnamese Catholic prie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thiên Thai
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Thiên is a Vietnamese word which can refer to: * Thiền, a Vietnamese version of Zen Buddhism People * Lê Hoàng Thiên * Mẫu Thượng Thiên * Quốc Thiên * Thiên Y A Na * Thừa Thiên (empress) * Thuận Thiên (Trần dynasty empress) * Thuận Thiên (Nguyễn dynasty empress) See also * Thien (other) * Thiene * Thoen (other) Thoen may refer to one of the following. * Thoen District in Lampang Province, Thailand * Thoen Stone, sandstone slab dated 1834, discovered in South Dakota, USA *Thoen (name) See also * Thone (other) Thone may refer to one of the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
