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Vyacheslav Kislitsyn
Vyacheslav Alexandrovich Kislitsyn () (born 1948) is a Russian politician who served as President of Mari El in 1997–2001. During his presidency, he was responsible for much of the economic development in Mari El. At the same time, he was criticised for his autocratic ideology, accused of supporting Chechen rebels, and his supposed 'cult of personality'. In the 2001 elections, he suffered a tight defeat against his opponent Leonid Markelov, where Kislitsyn received 25% of the vote. Since then, his political whereabouts are left unknown. Biography Kislitsyn is of Russian descent. Kislitsyn was born in 1948 in the Mari ASSR of the Soviet Union. Prior to serving in the Soviet Army, he was trained as mechanic in a specialized vocational school in Tomsk. He graduated from the Tomsk Railway College. After serving in the Army from 1971, he worked as the chairman of the District Committee for Physical Culture and Sports, the instructor of the Executive Committee Medvedevsky Distri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russians
Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, ever since the Middle Ages. By total numbers, they compose the largest Slavs, Slavic and Ethnic groups in Europe, European nation. Genetic studies show that Russians are closely related to Polish people, Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, as well as Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Finns. They were formed from East Slavic tribes, and their cultural ancestry is based in Kievan Rus'. The Russian word for the Russians is derived from the Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia, people of Rus' and the territory of Rus'. Russians share many historical and cultural traits with other European peoples, and especially with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. The vast majority of Russians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Mari El
The Head of the Mari El Republic, formerly known as the President of Mari El Republic, is the highest executive position in Mari El, a federal subject of Russia. The first president of Mari El was Vladislav Zotin when the position was created on 24 December 1991, two days before dissolution of the Soviet Union, replacing the First Secretary of the Mari Communist Party, the equivalent position of the Mari ASSR before it was succeeded by the Mari El Republic. The status and powers of the president were determined by Chapter 4 of the Constitution of the Mari El Republic. In December 2010, Russian president Dmitry Medvedev signed a law that forbade calling the heads of federal subjects as "president", and must bring their constitutions or statutes in conformity with the law before 1 January 2015. The office was renamed to head (''Vuylatyshyzhe'' in Mari) in June 2011. Since 10 May 2022, the head is Yury Zaitsev. List of heads Elections The latest election for the office was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladislav Zotin
Vladislav Maksimovich Zotin (; born 1942) is a Russian retired politician who served as President of Mari El in 1991 to early 1997. As president, he was responsible for maintaining peace, order and the rule of law in Mari El. At the same time, he garnered controversy for electoral fraud. Biography Zotin was born in the village of Kilemary, of the Mari ASSR to Maxim Zotin, a newspaper editor and Zoya Zotina, a school teacher at a rural school. His father was killed during a World War II attack in 1943, leaving Zotin completely dependent on his mother. Zotin was educated in Moscow, and spent much of his life as a chief engineer of industrial development. Shortly after he entered politics. In 1991, he was elected president of Mari El. In 1996, a criminal case was initiated against Zotin's main opponent in an upcoming election, Vyacheslav Kislitsyn, who was removed from the post of head of Medvedevsky District. Later, the president tried to remove Kislitsyn and Leonid Markelov from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Markelov
Leonid Igorevich Markelov () (born 1963) is a Russian politician and lawyer, who is the former head of the Mari El republic in Russia. He took office on January 14, 2001, and resigned from office on April 6, 2017. Markelov was later arrested under suspicion of accepting bribes. Biography Early life Markelov was born to a Russian Orthodox family living in Moscow, as the only child. His father, Igor Markelov was the chief of the USSR Ministry of Agriculture, and his mother was an economist. His father died when Markelov was nine years old, leaving him solely dependent on his mother throughout most of his childhood. He was educated at the Military University of the Ministry of Defence, where he graduated with a degree in law in 1986. He was a member of the Communist Party of the USSR from 1981 to 1991, while at the same time serving in the Soviet army. He was an attorney in 1992, and entered politics in 1999. Markelov is Russian by ethnicity. He is married to Irina Konstantinov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kosolapovo
Kosolapovo (Russian: ''Косолапово'') is a village in Mari-Tureksky District, Mari El Republic, Russia. The village is the center of the Kosolapovsky rural settlement, which oversees 21 other smaller villages. Climate and geography Climate The climate is characterized as moderately continental, with moderately cold snowy winters and relatively warm summers. The average annual air temperature is 2.2 °C. The average air temperature of the warmest month (July) is 18.5 °C (absolute maximum is 38 °C); the coldest (January) is -14 °C (absolute minimum is -48 °C). The duration of periods with stable frosts is on average 127 days. The average annual amount of precipitation is 496 mm, of which about 70% falls in the warm period. Geography The village is located in the eastern part of the republic, in a zone of coniferous-deciduous forests, within the Mari-Turek plateau. In recent history, Kosalapovo's population has fluctuated, from 1,616 in 2000 (in 565 families) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mari ASSR
The Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Mari ASSR) ( Mari: Марий Автоном Совет Социализм Республик, ''Mariy Avtonom Sovet Sotsializm Respublik'') was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR, succeeding the Mari Autonomous Oblast. When the Soviet Union disintegrated, the Mari ASSR became the Mari El Republic, a federal subject of the Russian Federation Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders .... History The Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed on December 5, 1936, according to the USSR Constitution of 1936 as a result of the transformation of the Mari Autonomous Region, created on November 4, 1920, as an autonomous territorial entity for the mountain and meadow Mari. On October 22, 1990, by decision of the Supreme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RSFSR
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. was a socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR.The Free Dictionary Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic . Encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved on 22 June 2011. The Russ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human species; as well as the study of all history in time. Some historians are recognized by publications or training and experience.Herman, A. M. (1998). Occupational outlook handbook: 1998–99 edition. Indianapolis: JIST Works. Page 525. "Historian" became a professional occupation in the late nineteenth century as research universities were emerging in Germany and elsewhere. Objectivity Among historians Ancient historians In the 19th century, scholars used to study ancient Greek and Roman historians to see how generally reliable they were. In recent decades, however, scholars have focused more on the constructions, genres, and meanings that ancient historians sought to convey to their audiences. History is always written with contemporary concerns and ancient hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of The Russian Federation
The Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF; ) is a communist political party in Russia that officially adheres to Marxist–Leninist philosophy. It is the second-largest political party in Russia after United Russia. The youth organisation of the party is the Leninist Young Communist League. The CPRF can trace its origin to the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which was established in March 1898. The party split in 1903 into a Menshevik (minority) and Bolshevik (majority) faction; the latter, led by Vladimir Lenin, is the direct ancestor of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and is the party that seized power in the October Revolution of 1917. After the CPSU was banned in 1991 by Russian President Boris Yeltsin in the aftermath of a failed coup attempt, the CPRF was founded at the Second Extraordinary Congress of Russian Communists on 14 February 1993 as the successor organisation of the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mari El
Mari El,; ; officially the Mari El Republic, is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia. It is in the European Russia, European region of the country, along the northern bank of the Volga River, and administratively part of the Volga Federal District. The republic has a population of 696,459 (Russian Census (2010), 2010 Census). Yoshkar-Ola is the capital city, capital and largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city. Mari El, one of Russia's Ethnic groups in Russia, ethnic republics, was established for the indigenous Mari people, a Finno-Ugric peoples, Finno-Ugric nation who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama Rivers. The majority of the republic's population are ethnic Russian people, Russians (52.5%), with a significant Mari people, Mari minority (40.1%), and smaller minority populations of Tatars and Chuvash people, Chuvash. The official languages are Russian language, Russian and Mari language, Mari. Mari El is bordered by Nizhny Novgorod Oblast t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
