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Voltziales
Voltziales is an extinct order of conifers. The group contains the ancestral lineages from which modern conifer groups emerged. Voltzialean conifers are divided into two informal groups, the primitive "walchian conifers" like '' Walchia,'' where the ovuliferous cone is composed of radial shoots and the more advanced "voltzian voltziales", also known as "transitional conifers" where the cone is composed of fertile scales with sessile seeds, like those of modern conifers. Walchian conifers generally grew as small trees. The earliest walchian conifers are known from the Middle Pennsylvanian ( Moscovian). The youngest walchian conifers are known from the Late Permian. The earliest "voltzian voltziales" are known from the late Early Permian ( Kungurian). Modern conifer lineages emerged from voltzialean ancestors from the Late Permian to Jurassic. Voltzialean conifers outside modern groups such as '' Krassilovia''/'' Podozamites'' survived into the Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utrechtiaceae
Utrechtiaceae is an extinct family of trees related to modern conifers. This family dates back to the late Carboniferous and Early Permian 01 or 01 may refer to: * The year 2001, or any year ending with 01 * The month of January * 1 (number) Music * '01 (Richard Müller album), ''01'' (Richard Müller album), 2001 * 01 (Urban Zakapa album), ''01'' (Urban Zakapa album), 2011 * ''01011 .... Description They were forest trees with almost horizontal standing leafy lateral shoots and with vertical tribes. They were generally small trees. At least with ''Utrechtia piniformis'' the side shoots are in whorls. Like other Voltzialean plants, they had compact ovulate cones bearing bilateral bract-scale complexes. The leaves are scale-like, arranged spirally and only a few millimeters long. Genera Utrechtiaceae include the following selected genera: * '' Ernestiodendron'' Florin, 1934 * '' Lebachiella'' S.V. Meyen, 1997 * '' Ortiseia'' R. Florin, 1964 * '' Moyliostrobus'' C.N. Miller & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conifer
Conifers () are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class (biology), class, Pinopsida. All Neontology, extant conifers are perennial plant, perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include Cedrus, cedars, Pseudotsuga, Douglas-firs, Cupressaceae, cypresses, firs, junipers, Agathis, kauri, larches, pines, Tsuga, hemlocks, Sequoioideae, redwoods, spruces, and Taxaceae, yews.Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta". ''Biology''. 7th ed. 2005. Print. p. 595. As of 2002, Pinophyta contained seven families, 60 to 65 genera, and more than 600 living species. Although the total number of species is relatively small, conifers are ecology, ecologically important. They are the dominant plants over large areas of land, most notably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walchia
''Walchia'' is a primitive fossil conifer found in upper Pennsylvanian (geology), Pennsylvanian (Carboniferous) and lower Permian (about 310-290 Mya (unit), Mya) rocks of Europe and North America. A forest of In situ, in-situ Walchia tree-stumps is located on the Northumberland Strait coast at Brule, Nova Scotia, Brule, Nova Scotia. Besides the ''Walchia'' forest, fallen tree trunks, and leaflet impressions, the forest, fossil-rich layer contains numerous, 4-legged, tetrapod fossil trackways. Individual species ''W. hypnoides'': from the schists of Lodeve; also copper slates of the Zechstein in Mansfeld. Monuran trackways At the same time period of 290 mya, another species was making fossil trackways, now preserved in New Mexico; ''Walchia'' leaflets are found in the same fossil layers. The Monuran trackways were made by Permian, wingless insects called monurans, (meaning "one-tail"); the insects' means of locomotion was hopping, then walking. These 290 mya layers contain foot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krassiloviaceae
''Podozamites'' is an extinct genus of fossil conifer leaves. In its broader sense, it has been used as a morphogenus (form taxon) to refer to any broad leaved multi-veined conifer leaves. Modern broad-leaved conifers with a similar form include ''Agathis'' in the family Araucariaceae and ''Nageia'' in Podocarpaceae, with some ''Podozamites'' ''sensu lato'' probably belonging to the same families. In a more narrow sense, ''Podozamites'' has been used to refer to the leaves of a probably monophyletic group of deciduous broad leafed voltzialean conifers which lived in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly East Asia and Siberia, during the Late Triassic to early Late Cretaceous, where it formed part of wet coal swamp communities. Description In the right conditions, ''Podozamites'' leaves ''sensu stricto'' preserve delicate cuticle and insect damage, and are thought to have been regularly shed. They are associated with conifer cones of the genera '' Swedenborgia, Cycadocarpidi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buriadiaceae
Buriadiaceae is a family of conifers that existed in the Carboniferous to Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s .... References Prehistoric plant families Voltziales {{permian-plant-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permian
The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the sixth and last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the Perm Governorate, region of Perm in Russia. The Permian witnessed the diversification of the two groups of amniotes, the synapsids and the Sauropsida, sauropsids (reptiles). The world at the time was dominated by the supercontinent Pangaea, which had formed due to the collision of Euramerica and Gondwana during the Carboniferous. Pangaea was surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa. The Carboniferous rainforest collapse left behind vast regions of desert within the continental interior. Amniotes, which could better cope with these ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jurassic
The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 143.1 Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the second and middle period of the Mesozoic, Mesozoic Era as well as the eighth period of the Phanerozoic, Phanerozoic Eon and is named after the Jura Mountains, where limestone strata from the period were first identified. The start of the Jurassic was marked by the major Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, associated with the eruption of the Central Atlantic magmatic province, Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). The beginning of the Toarcian Age started around 183 million years ago and is marked by the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, a global episode of Anoxic event, oceanic anoxia, ocean acidification, and elevated global temperatures associated with extinctions, likely caused by the eruption of the Kar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe Louis Voltz
Philippe-Louis Voltz (15 August 1785 – 6 February 1840) was a French mining engineer, metallurgist, and geologist. He examined fossils in relation to stratigraphy and, with his knowledge of languages, took part in the interchange of ideas between French and German geologists. Voltz was born in Strasbourg where his father David ran a cafe. He went to the École polytechnique in 1803 and the École des Mines in 1805 before joining the mine establishments in Belgium and in the Alsace region. He studied steel making in England and Germany and worked on blast furnaces in France. From 1830 he gave lectures in geology at Strasbourg where he influenced many future geologists including Jules Thurmann and Amanz Gressly. Along with Armand Dufrénoy (1792-1857), he was also involved in arranging the geological collections with a stratigraphic focus at the Strasbourg Academy and brought together numerous fossil plants, some described by his student Wilhelm Philippe Schimper. He became an insp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
