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Vladimir V. Naumov
Uladzimir Navumau (, , Vladimir Naumov, also ''Uladzimir Naumau''; born 7 February 1956) is a Belarusian politician accused of human rights violations. He was Minister of the Internal Affairs of Belarus (2000-2009) and chairman of Belarus Ice Hockey Federation. Navumau has been accused of violent crackdown of opposition protests following the Belarusian presidential election in 2006 and of being related to the disappearances of opposition leaders in 1999–2000. Biography Navumau has been working in the Minsk Militsiya since 1976. Between 1991 and 1999 he was commander of Berkut and Almaz special units (OMON) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus. The OMON participated in the crackdown of protests before and after the controversial 1996 referendum. Between 1999 and 2000 Navumau was Head of the Presidential Security Service. From 2000 to 2009 he was Minister of Internal Affairs of Belarus. During his service in this position, the police and OMON forces disperse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Internal Affairs (Belarus)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus (; ), abbreviated МUS () in Belarusian and MVD () in Russian, is a body of the Government of Belarus, Belarusian Government that is charged with the internal affairs of Belarus. Day to day law enforcement is carried out by the Militsiya (Belarus), Militsiya. The Ministry is also tasked with providing security to state buildings and officials. Organizations such as the Presidential Guard (Belarus), Presidential Guard are under the control of the Ministry. The clearing of landmines is among the tasks of the ministry. History The MVD/MUS has previously operated under the following names: *NKVD of the Belarusian SSR (1933–1946) *Ministry of Security of the Belarusian SSR (1946–1962) *Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Belarusian SSR (1962–1991) *Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus (1991–present) Role in political repressions According to human rights groups, the United States, and the Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Almaz (Belarus)
Almaz Special Anti-Terrorism Unit (SPBT Almaz) () is a police tactical unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus (MUS) that specialized in counterterrorism and hostage rescue crisis management, quick raid to capture or kill (if necessary) high-value targets, riot control in detention facilities, and VIP protection. The unit's missions primarily involve anti-irregular military, apprehension of armed and dangerous criminals, counterterrorism and hostage rescue crisis management, executive protection, high-risk tactical law enforcement situations, operating in difficult to access terrain, protecting high-level meeting areas, providing security in areas at risk of attack or terrorism, special reconnaissance in difficult to access and dangerous areas, support crowd control and riot control, and tactical special operations. History The special purpose detachment of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic The Byel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Gonchar
Viktar Hanchar, or Viktar Hančar (, , Viktor Gonchar, September 7, 1957 – disappeared September 16, 1999) was a Belarusian politician who disappeared and was presumably murdered in 1999. He was born in the village of Radzichava, Slutsk Raion. Hanchar graduated from the Law Department of the Belarusian State University in 1979 and worked as law research worker at different major Belarusian institutions. Political career Beginning in May 1991, Hanchar worked as first deputy chairman of Maladzyechna mayor. In May 1994, he ran for the Constitutional Court of Belarus, but did not receive the support of most MPs. During the presidential elections in 1994, Hanchar was one of the most active in the election campaign headquarters of Alexander Lukashenko. In 1994, after the victory of Lukashenko in the presidential elections, Hanchar was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Belarus, but soon resigned. Hanchar joined the opposition to the president and joined the United Civic Party, becomi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Zakharenko
Colonel Yury Mikalevich Zakharanka (; ; 4 January 1952 – disappeared 7 May 1999) was a Belarusian military officer, politician, and pro-democracy activist who served as Minister of Internal Affairs from 1994 to 1995. Following his departure from office, Zakharanka became a leading member of the Belarusian opposition, leading to his enforced disappearance and likely death in 1999. Early life Yury Zakharanka was born in a small Belarusian town of Vasilyevichy, Rechytsa Raion. His parents met in a labor camp in Cologne, Germany, in 1943. His father was Belarusian while his mother was of Ukrainian origin. Zakharanka has a daughter with Volha Zakharanka. Political career At the moment when Belarus gained independence Zakharanka was deputy chief of the USSR MVD Inter-regional Directorate for Combating Organized Crime. In 1994 he was appointed Minister of Internal Affairs of Belarus. On October 16, 1995 he was dismissed from this position by president Alexander Lukashenko. Zakhar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Secretariat For Economic Affairs (Switzerland)
The State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (often termed as SECO) is Switzerland's governmental center of expertise for economic policy, which includes economic development cooperation. Together with the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and the Peace and Human Rights Division (PHRD) of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, it is in charge of implementing Switzerland's international cooperation. History SECO was created in 1999 by the merger of the then Federal Office of Foreign Economic Affairs and the Federal Office for Economic Development and Employment. It is described at the time as a "superdepartment" for all things related to Economic affairs in Switzerland. See also * Economy of Switzerland The economy of Switzerland is one of the world's most advanced and a Developed country, highly-developed free market economy. The economy of Switzerland has ranked first in the world since 2015 on the Global Innovation Index and third in the 2020 ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Swiss Alps, Alps and the Jura Mountains, Jura; the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, whereas most of the country's Demographics of Switzerland, 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts List of cities in Switzerland, its largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of Cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. It has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh language, Romansh. Although most Swiss are German-speaking, national identity is fairly cohesive, being rooted in a common historical background, shared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of People And Organizations Sanctioned In Relation To Human Rights Violations In Belarus
Since the 1990s, Belarus has been actively criticized by the United States, the European Union, the OSCE and the United Nations for Human rights in Belarus, human rights violations and electoral fraud. Various Belarusian officials, businesspeople with links to the authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko and their companies have been subject to various sanctions involving asset freeze and travel bans. US sanctions Source: Individuals Political leadership, propaganda Law enforcement Judiciary Businesspeople and their immediate relatives Companies Other EU sanctions list following 2006 presidential elections Source: Senior state leadership Election organization State security services Judiciary EU sanctions list preceding the 2010 Presidential elections The list of sanctioned individuals was consolidated on 25 October 2010. The 2010 Belarusian presidential election, presidential election was held on 19 December that year. EU sanctions list following 23 Sept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 Belarusian Referendum
A referendum on allowing President Lukashenko to stand in further elections was held in Belarus on 17 October 2004, alongside parliamentary elections A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections .... Lukashenko was nearing the end of his constitutionally-limited two terms, and the change would allow him to run for a third term. In accordance with article 140 of the constitution, a majority of valid votes as well as a majority of registered voters in favor of the constitutional changes were required for the result to be deemed valid The result was 88.91% of valid votes and 79.42% of registered voters in favor, with a turnout of 90.28%. Results Controversy Paragraph 112 of Belarusian Electoral Code lists "questions connected with election and dismissal of the President of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 Belarusian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Belarus on 9 September 2001. The election should have been held in 1999, but a revised constitution adopted in 1996 extended incumbent Alexander Lukashenko's term for another two years. Lukashenko was re-elected with 77.4% of the vote over two minor candidates. Voter turnout was 84%. A senior official for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe noted that the pre-election environment was "not democratic" and would not describe it as "free and fair". BBC News, 10 September 2001 Results References {{Belarusian elections Presidential elections in Belarus |
