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Vivek Shende
Vivek Vijay Shende is an American mathematician known for his work on algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry and quantum computing. He is a professor of Quantum Mathematics at Syddansk Universitet while on leave from University of California Berkeley. Doctoral studies and early career Shende defended his Ph.D. dissertation "Hilbert schemes of points on integral plane curves" at Princeton University in 2011 under the supervision of Rahul Pandharipande. From 2011 to 2013, he was a Simons Postdoctoral Fellow at MIT mentored by Paul Seidel. Shende joined Berkeley as an assistant professor in 2013 and became an associate professor in 2019. He supervised at least four doctoral degrees at Berkeley. Awards and accomplishments In 2021, after moving to Denmark, Shende received sizable grants intended to support the creation of a new research group. The Danish National Research Foundation awarded Shende its DNRF Chair. The Villum Foundation funded Shende's research in mathematical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematics
Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formulas and related structures), geometry (the study of shapes and spaces that contain them), Mathematical analysis, analysis (the study of continuous changes), and set theory (presently used as a foundation for all mathematics). Mathematics involves the description and manipulation of mathematical object, abstract objects that consist of either abstraction (mathematics), abstractions from nature orin modern mathematicspurely abstract entities that are stipulated to have certain properties, called axioms. Mathematics uses pure reason to proof (mathematics), prove properties of objects, a ''proof'' consisting of a succession of applications of in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lothar Göttsche
Lothar Göttsche (born January 21, 1961, in Sonderburg, Denmark) is a German mathematician, known for his work in algebraic geometry. He is a research scientist at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy. He is also editor for Geometry & Topology. Biography After studying mathematics at the University of Kiel, he received his Dr. rer. nat. under the direction of Friedrich Hirzebruch at the University of Bonn in 1989. Göttsche was invited as speaker to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Beijing in 2002. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. Work Göttsche received international acclaim with his formula for the generating function for the Betti numbers of the Hilbert scheme of points on an algebraic surface: :If S is a smooth surface over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, then the generating function for the motives of the Hilbert schemes of S can be expressed in terms of the motivic ze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Google Scholar
Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of Academic publishing, scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. Released in Beta release, beta in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes peer-reviewed online academic journals and books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, Abstract (summary), abstracts, technical reports, and other scholarly literature, including Legal opinion, court opinions and patents. Google Scholar uses a web crawler, or web robot, to identify files for inclusion in the search results. For content to be indexed in Google Scholar, it must meet certain specified criteria. An earlier statistical estimate published in PLOS One using a mark and recapture method estimated approximately 79–90% coverage of all articles published in English with an estimate of 100 million.'' Trend Watch'' (2014) Nature (journal), Nature 509(7501), 405 – discussing Madian K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT
In computer science, the controlled NOT gate (also C-NOT or CNOT), controlled-''X'' gate, controlled-bit-flip gate, Feynman gate or controlled Pauli-X is a quantum logic gate that is an essential component in the construction of a gate-based quantum computer. It can be used to entangle and disentangle Bell states. Any quantum circuit can be simulated to an arbitrary degree of accuracy using a combination of CNOT gates and single qubit rotations. The gate is sometimes named after Richard Feynman who developed an early notation for quantum gate diagrams in 1986. The CNOT can be expressed in the Pauli basis as: : \mbox = e^= e^. Being both unitary and Hermitian, CNOT has the property e^=(\cos \theta)I+(i\sin \theta) U and U =e^=e^, and is involutory. The CNOT gate can be further decomposed as products of rotation operator gates and exactly one two qubit interaction gate, for example : \mbox =e^R_(-\pi/2)R_(-\pi/2)R_(-\pi/2)R_(\pi/2)R_(\pi/2). In general, any sing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toffoli
Toffoli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Dario De Toffoli, Italian board game designer *Dias Toffoli (born 1967), President of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil *Elisa (Italian singer) (born 1977), full name Elisa Toffoli, Italian singer-songwriter * Gaúcho (footballer) (1964–2016), full name Luís Carlos Toffoli, Brazilian footballer *Patricia Tóffoli (born 1960), Venezuelan beauty pageant titleholder *Tommaso Toffoli (born 1943), Italian-American professor of engineering at Boston University **Toffoli gate, a reversible logic gate invented by Tommaso Toffoli *Tyler Toffoli Tyler Toffoli ( ; born April 24, 1992) is a Canadian professional ice hockey Winger (ice hockey), winger and Captain (ice hockey)#Alternate captains, alternate captain for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected ... (born 1992), Canadian ice hockey player {{surname Italian-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physical Review A
''Physical Review A'' (also known as PRA) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Physical Society covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. the editor was Jan M. Rost ( Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems). History In 1893, the '' Physical Review'' was established at Cornell University. It was taken over by the American Physical Society (formed in 1899) in 1913. In 1970, ''Physical Review'' was subdivided into ''Physical Review A'', ''B'', ''C'', and ''D''. At that time, section ''A'' was subtitled ''Physical Review A: General Physics''. In 1990, a process was started to split this journal into two, resulting in the creation of '' Physical Review E'' in 1993. Hence, in 1993, ''Physical Review A'' changed its statement of scope to ''Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics.'' In January 2007, the section of ''Physical Review E'' that published papers on classical optics was merged into ''Physical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quantum State
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that embodies the knowledge of a quantum system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. The result is a prediction for the system represented by the state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system. Quantum states may be defined differently for different kinds of systems or problems. Two broad categories are * wave functions describing quantum systems using position or momentum variables and * the more abstract vector quantum states. Historical, educational, and application-focused problems typically feature wave functions; modern professional physics uses the abstract vector states. In both categories, quantum states divide into pure versus mixed states, or into coherent states and incoherent states. Categories with special properties include stationary states for tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unitary Matrix
In linear algebra, an invertible complex square matrix is unitary if its matrix inverse equals its conjugate transpose , that is, if U^* U = UU^* = I, where is the identity matrix. In physics, especially in quantum mechanics, the conjugate transpose is referred to as the Hermitian adjoint of a matrix and is denoted by a dagger (), so the equation above is written U^\dagger U = UU^\dagger = I. A complex matrix is special unitary if it is unitary and its matrix determinant equals . For real numbers, the analogue of a unitary matrix is an orthogonal matrix. Unitary matrices have significant importance in quantum mechanics because they preserve norms, and thus, probability amplitudes. Properties For any unitary matrix of finite size, the following hold: * Given two complex vectors and , multiplication by preserves their inner product; that is, . * is normal (U^* U = UU^*). * is diagonalizable; that is, is unitarily similar to a diagonal matrix, as a consequence of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qubit
In quantum computing, a qubit () or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics. Examples include the spin of the electron in which the two levels can be taken as spin up and spin down; or the polarization of a single photon in which the two spin states (left-handed and the right-handed circular polarization) can also be measured as horizontal and vertical linear polarization. In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of multiple states simultaneously, a property that is fundamental to quantum mechanics and quantum computing. Etymology The coining of the term ''qubit'' is attributed to Benjamin Schumacher. In the acknow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quantum Circuit
In quantum information theory, a quantum circuit is a model for quantum computation, similar to classical circuits, in which a computation is a sequence of quantum gates, measurements, initializations of qubits to known values, and possibly other actions. The minimum set of actions that a circuit needs to be able to perform on the qubits to enable quantum computation is known as DiVincenzo's criteria. Circuits are written such that the horizontal axis is time, starting at the left hand side and ending at the right. Horizontal lines are qubits, doubled lines represent classical bits. The items that are connected by these lines are operations performed on the qubits, such as measurements or gates. These lines define the sequence of events, and are usually not physical cables. The graphical depiction of quantum circuit elements is described using a variant of the Penrose graphical notation. Richard Feynman used an early version of the quantum circuit notation in 1986. Rever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IEEE Transactions On Computer-Aided Design Of Integrated Circuits And Systems
''IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems'' (sometimes abbreviated ''IEEE TCAD'' or ''IEEE Transactions on CAD'') is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the design, analysis, and use of computer-aided design of integrated circuits and systems. It is published by the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society and the IEEE Council on Electronic Design Automation (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). The journal was established in 1982 and the editor-in-chief is Rajesh K. Gupta ( University of California at San Diego). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 2.9. Past editors-in-chief *Rajesh K. Gupta (2018-2022) *Vijaykrishnan Narayanan (2014-2018) *Sachin Sapatnekar (2010-2014) See also *Electronic design automation Electronic design automation (EDA), also referred to as electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is a category of software tools for designing Electronics, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IEEE Donald O
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an American 501(c)(3) public charity professional organization for electrical engineering, electronics engineering, and other related disciplines. The IEEE has a corporate office in New York City and an operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey. The IEEE was formed in 1963 as an amalgamation of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Institute of Radio Engineers. History The IEEE traces its founding to 1884 and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. In 1912, the rival Institute of Radio Engineers was formed. Although the AIEE was initially larger, the IRE attracted more students and was larger by the mid-1950s. The AIEE and IRE merged in 1963. The IEEE is headquartered in New York City, but most business is done at the IEEE Operations Center in Piscataway, New Jersey, opened in 1975. The Australian Section of the IEEE existed between 1972 and 1985, after which it split into state- and te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
