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Vijftigers
De Vijftigers ("Those of the fifties") were a loosely connected group of experimental Dutch and Belgian writers, which was started in the late 1940s and were also connected to the Cobra movement. The group included Hans Andreus, Lucebert, Simon Vinkenoog, Armando, Hugo Claus, and Jan Hanlo, among others. Background De Vijftigers opposed the art views of their predecessors. There is a lyric that we abolish, as they put it. These are the poets Lucebert, Hugo Claus and Gerrit Kouwenaar, Remco Campert and Jan Elburg. They had previously become involved with a group of young Danish, Belgian and Dutch artists, who called themselves Cobra, Copenhagen, Brussels, Amsterdam. According to these Cobra artists-among them Karel Appel, Corneille and Constant – real vital art could only be made by truly free people. Everything that stood in the way of that freedom had to be fought. Aesthetic Aesthetics (also spelled esthetics) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Andreus
Hans Andreus (21 February 1926 – 9 June 1977) was the pseudonym of the Netherlands, Dutch poet and writer Johan Wilhelm van der Zant. Van der Zant was born in Amsterdam. His parents divorced soon after his birth, his mother remarried, and the family lived in Scheveningen between 1930 and 1937 before moving back to Amsterdam. He started to write poems in 1939, and dropped out of school in 1940. In 1945, he studied for a while at the Theaterschool, Amsterdamse Toneelschool, but also dropped out in 1947. Afterwards he worked as a corrector for the Dutch daily newspaper, De Volkskrant. Andreus' debut work, the poetry book 'Muziek voor Kijkdieren' (tentative translation: Music for looking animals), came out in 1951. His work is seen as part of the Dutch/Belgian literary movement known as De Vijftigers, started by a group of young poets in the late 1940s and connected to the COBRA (avant-garde movement), COBRA movement, which also included Lucebert and Hugo Claus. Besides poetry, And ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucebert
Lubertus Jacobus Swaanswijk (15 September 1924 – 10 May 1994), known professionally as Lucebert (), was a Dutch artist who first became known as the poet of the COBRA movement. He was born in Amsterdam in 1924. He entered the Institute for Arts and Crafts in 1938 and took part in the first exhibition of the COBRA group at the Stedelijk Museum in 1949. Biography Lucebert's talent was discovered when he started working for his father after school. After half a year of art school, he chose to be homeless between 1938 and 1947. In 1947, a Franciscan convent offered him a roof over his head, in exchange for a huge mural painting. Because the nuns could not appreciate his work, they had it entirely painted over with white paint. He belonged to the Dutch literary movement of De Vijftigers, which was greatly influenced by the European avant-garde movement COBRA. Lucebert's early work especially shows this influence, and his art in general reflects a rather pessimistic outlook ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Hanlo
Jan Hanlo, in full Johannes Bernardus Maria Raphael Hanlo (Bandung, Dutch East Indies, 29 May 1912 - Maastricht, Netherlands 16 June 1969) was a Dutch poet and writer. The son of a judge in the Dutch East Indies, Hanlo grew up with his mother, who was a Roman Catholic bigot, in Deurne, later in Valkenburg aan de Geul, both in the south of the Netherlands. From 1942-1958 he lived in Amsterdam, where he grew to be interested in poetry and was associated with the experimental group of the Vijftigers, although he was an outsider in that group. In 1951 his first book op poems was published, ''The varnished - Het geverniste''. His most famous poem, 'Oote', meant as a rendering of children's speak in written sounds, was published in 1952. It resulted in a minor scandal, when it was read aloud in the Dutch parliament as an example of art that should not be subsidized by the government. For the most part, Hanlo's work is less experimental. Its recurring themes are beauty and innocence. Han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerrit Kouwenaar
Gerrit Kouwenaar (9 August 1923 – 4 September 2014) was a Dutch journalist, translator, poet and prose writer. Biography Kouwenaar was born in Amsterdam, North Holland. In the early 1940s, during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands, he wrote various clandestine publications (the first in 1941), and worked for the illegal newspaper '' Parade der Profeten''. He was arrested for this and sentenced to six months' imprisonment. His first collection of poetry appeared in 1949, but he gained wider attention as a member of the Dutch poetry group known as the Vijftigers - the '50s poets'. Kouwenaar worked for magazines and newspapers such as ''Vrij Nederland'', ''De Waarheid'', and ''Het Vrije Volk''. Kouwenaar was awarded the Martinus Nijhoff Prize in 1967 for his translation work. In 1970, he was given the P. C. Hooft Award The P.C. Hooft Award (in Dutch: P.C. Hooft-prijs), inaugurated in 1948, is a Dutch-language literary lifetime-achievement award named after 17th-centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Remco Campert
Remco Campert (28 July 1929 – 4 July 2022) was a Dutch author, poet and columnist. Early years Remco Wouter Campert was born in The Hague, son of writer and poet Jan Campert, author of the poem ''De achttien dooden'', and actress Joekie Broedelet. His parents separated when he was three years old, causing him to sometimes live with either of his parents and sometimes his grandparents, depending on situations and circumstances. His father died in 1943 in a Nazi concentration camp, Neuengamme. Remco then went to live with his mother. They returned to Amsterdam after World War II in 1945, after having spent the three preceding years in the town of Epe. His writings In Amsterdam, he started a secondary education at the ''Amsterdam Lyceum'', occasionally writing articles or drawing comics for the school's newspaper. As the years went on, he skipped more and more classes and spent increasing amounts of time in cinemas, jazz clubs or pubs. He finally left school without graduatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COBRA (avant-garde Movement)
COBRA or Cobra, often stylized as CoBrA, was a European avant-garde art group active from 1948 to 1951. The name was coined in 1948 by Christian Dotremont from the initials of the members' home countries' capital cities: Copenhagen (Co), Brussels (Br), Amsterdam (A). History During the time of Netherlands in World War II, occupation of World War II, the Netherlands had been disconnected from the art world beyond its borders. CoBrA was formed shortly thereafter. This international movement of artists who worked experimentally evolved from the criticisms of Western society and a common desire to break away from existing art movements, including the "detested" Realism (arts), naturalism and the "sterile" Abstraction (art), abstraction. Experimentation was the symbol of an unfettered freedom, which, according to Constant, was ultimately embodied by children and the expressions of children. CoBrA was formed by Karel Appel, Constant Nieuwenhuys, Constant, Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Vinkenoog
Simon Vinkenoog (18 July 1928 – 12 July 2009) was a Dutch poet, spoken word poet and writer. He was the editor of the anthology ''Atonaal'' (Atonal), which launched the Dutch "Fifties Movement". In 2004 he was chosen as Dichter des Vaderlands, or "Poet Laureate", for the Netherlands. On 11 July 2009 Vinkenoog was admitted to an Amsterdam hospital after suffering a seizure. He died the following day. Bibliography * 1950 – ''Wondkoorts'' – poems * 1951 – ''Atonaal'' – anthology (editor) * 1954 – ''Zo lang te water, een alibi'' – novel * 1962 – ''Hoogseizoen'' – novel * 1965 – ''Liefde'' – novel * 1968 – ''How to Enjoy Reality'' – pamphlet, included in International Times. With Jean-Paul Vroom * 1976 – ''Mij best'' – novel * 1978 – ''Het huiswerk van de dichter'' – poems * 1979 – ''(1972-1978) Bestaan en begaan'' * 1980 – ''Jack Kerouac in Amsterdam'' * 1980 – ''Moeder Gras'' * 1981 – ''Poolshoogte/Approximations'' * 1982 – ''Voeten in d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armando (artist)
: ''For the online writer/blogger, see Daily Kos.'' Armando (18 September 1929 – 1 July 2018), born Herman Dirk van Dodeweerd, was a Dutch painter, sculptor and writer. Biography Armando was born in Amsterdam, and as child moved to Amersfoort. There he saw, during the Second World War, German occupation of the Netherlands, how the Nazis set up a "transition camp" for prisoners who were to be sent to concentration camps. The suffering of the victims and the cruelty of the Nazi camp guards, so near his home, influenced him for the rest of his life. After the liberation (1945), he studied art history at the University of Amsterdam. His first solo exhibition was at the Galerie Le Canard, Amsterdam, in 1954. At this time he also started to write poetry. He was influenced by the COBRA (avant-garde movement), CoBrA art group, and made abstract drawings—with his left hand, in the dark. He was also influenced by Jean Dubuffet and Jean Fautrier, producing thickly impastoed paintings. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugo Claus
Hugo Maurice Julien Claus (; 5 April 1929 – 19 March 2008) was a leading Belgian author who published under his own name as well as various pseudonyms. Claus' literary contributions spanned the genres of drama, novels, and poetry; he also left a legacy as a painter and film director. He wrote primarily in Dutch, although he also wrote some poetry in English. He won the 2000 International Nonino Prize in Italy. His death by euthanasia, which is legal in Belgium, led to considerable controversy. Life Hugo Claus was born on 5 April 1929 at Sint-Janshospitaal in Bruges, Belgium."Een virtuoze alleskunner" (19 March 2008). ''De Verdieping''. Retrieved 18 June 2010. He was the eldest of four sons born to Jozef Claus and Germaine Vanderlinden. Jozef worked ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Elburg
Joannes Gommert Elburg, writing as Jan "the man" G. Elburg (born Wemeldinge, 30 November 1919 – died Amsterdam, 13 August 1992) was a Dutch poet. He won numerous awards throughout his career, among them the 1976 Constantijn Huygens Prize The Constantijn Huygens Prize (Dutch: ''Constantijn Huygens-prijs'') is a Dutch literary award. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karel Appel
Christiaan Karel Appel (; 25 April 1921 – 3 May 2006) was a Dutch painter, sculptor, and poet. He started painting at the age of fourteen and studied at the Rijksakademie in Amsterdam in the 1940s. He was one of the founders of the avant-garde movement CoBrA in 1948. He was also an avid sculptor and has had works featured in MoMA and other museums worldwide. Childhood Christiaan Karel Appel was born on 25 April 1921 in his parents' house at Dapperstraat 7 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. As a child he was often called 'Kik'. On the ground floor his father, Jan Appel, had a barbershop. His mother, born Johanna Chevallier, was a descendant of French Huguenots. Karel Appel had three brothers. At fourteen, Appel produced his first real painting on canvas, a still life of a fruit basket. For his fifteenth birthday, his wealthy uncle Karel Chevalier gave him a paint set and an easel. An avid amateur painter himself, Chevalier gave his namesake some lessons in painting. Career Fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corneille Heymans
Corneille Jean François Heymans (28 March 1892 – 18 July 1968) was a Belgian physiologist. He studied at the Jesuit College of Saint Barbara and then at Ghent University, where he obtained a doctor's degree in 1920. Heymans won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1938 for showing how blood pressure and the oxygen content of the blood are measured by the body and transmitted to the brain. Early life and education After graduation Heymans worked at the Collège de France (under Prof. E. Gley), the University of Lausanne (under Prof. M. Arthus), the University of Vienna (under Prof. H. H. Meyer), University College London (under Prof. E. H. Starling) and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (under Prof. C. F. Wiggers). In 1922 Heymans became lecturer in Pharmacodynamics at Ghent University, and in 1930 succeeded his father, Jean-François Heymans, as Professor of Pharmacology, as well as being appointed Head of the Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
