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Vesna Case
The "Vesna" Case (russian: Дело "Весна"), also Operation Vesna of 1930-1931 was a massive series of Soviet political repressions, Soviet repressions targeting Tsarist officers in the Red Army, former officers and generals of the Russian Imperial Army who had served in the Red Army and Soviet Navy, a major purge of the Red Army preceding the Great Purge. According to over 3,000 group cases in Moscow, Leningrad and Ukraine, over 10,000 persons were convicted. In particular, in May 1931, in Leningrad alone over 1,000 persons were executed according to the so-called "Guards Case" (russian: Гвардейское дело). The Vesna case was briefly discussed in the 1998 book Трагедия РККА 1937—1938 ("Tragedy of the Red Army 1937-1938") by , but the major groundbreaking work on the case was the 2000 book "Голгофа русского офицерства в СССР 1930-1931 гг." by Ukrainian researcher ./ref> In 2016 the Russian journal ' published an arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Political Repressions
Throughout the history of the Soviet Union, tens of millions of people suffered political repression, which was an instrument of the state since the October Revolution. It culminated during the History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953), Stalin era, then declined, but it continued to exist during the "Khrushchev Thaw", followed by increased persecution of Soviet dissidents during the Era of Stagnation, Brezhnev era, and it did not cease to exist until late in Mikhail Gorbachev, Mikhail Gorbachev's rule when it was ended in keeping with his policies of glasnost and perestroika. Origins and early Soviet times Secret police had a long history in Tsarist Russia. Ivan the Terrible used the Oprichnina, Oprichina, while more recently the Third Section of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery, Third Section and Okhrana, Okrhana existed. Early on, the Leninism, Leninist view of the class conflict and the resulting notion of the dictatorship of the proletariat provided the theoretical basi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tukhachevsky
Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky ( rus, Михаил Николаевич Тухачевский, Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevskiy, p=tʊxɐˈtɕefskʲɪj; – 12 June 1937) nicknamed the Red Napoleon by foreign newspapers, was a Soviet general who was prominent between 1918 and 1937 as a military officer and theoretician. After service in World War I of 1914-1917 and in the Russian Civil War of 1917-1923, from 1920 to 1921 he commanded the Soviet Western Front in the Polish–Soviet War. Soviet forces under his command successfully repelled the Polish forces from Western Ukraine, driving them back into Poland, but the Red Army suffered defeat outside of Warsaw, and the war ended in a Soviet defeat. He later served as chief of staff of the Red Army from 1925 through 1928, as assistant in the People's Commissariat of Defense after 1934 and as commander of the Volga Military District in 1937. He achieved the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union in 1935. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Olderogge
Vladimir Alexandrovich Olderogge (August 5, 1873 – May 27, 1931) was a Russian and Soviet military leader. He was commander of the Eastern Front of the Red Army. Biography Olderogge was born July 24 (August 5), 1873 in Lublin to a Lutheran family. He was a descendant of a Danish officer who entered the Russian service under Peter the Great. He graduated from the First Cadet Corps (1890) and the 2nd Military Konstantinovsky School (1894), from where he was released as second lieutenant to the 29th Chernigov Infantry Regiment. The Finnish Regiment was later transferred to the Life Guards. In 1901 he graduated from the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff in the first category, then was a member of the Kiev Military District. Since November 26, 1901, he was a senior adjutant to the headquarters of the 2nd combined Cossack division. The censored command of the company from October 25, 1902, to October 25, 1903, served in the 74th Infantry Regiment of Stavropol. He took par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Verkhovsky
Aleksandr Ivanovich Verkhovsky (russian: links=no, Александр Иванович Верховский; November 27, 1886 – August 19, 1938) was a Russian military and political figure. He was briefly the Minister of War of the Provisional Russian Government in 1917. Biography Born into a noble family. He studied at the Page Corps. After the shooting of the demonstration ( "Bloody Sunday") on January 9, 1905, he declared that he "considers it a shame to use weapons against an unarmed crowd." He was expelled from the corps and sent to the front of the Russo-Japanese War. For military distinctions he was awarded the Badge of Honor of the Military Order of the 4th degree and promoted to second lieutenant. General Staff Officer From 1905 to 1908 he served in the 3rd Finland Rifle Artillery Division. He graduated from the Imperial Nicholas Military Academy (1911). From 1909 - lieutenant, from 1911 - staff captain, from 1913 - captain. In 1911-1913 he commanded a company in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Sytin
Pavel Pavlovich Sytin (russian: Павел Павлович Сытин) (30 July .S. 18 July1870 Skopin – 22 August 1938 Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet military leader who reached the rank of major general in the Imperial Russian Army. He fought in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. Biography Early life Sytin was born in Skopin in the Russian Empire's Ryazan Governorate on 30 July ( O.S. 18 July) 1870, the son of a rider in a lancer regiment who had been promoted to a position as an official in a military department. He graduated from the Kiev Cadet School (later the Kiev Military School) in 1892. Imperial Russian Army Upon graduation from the Kiev Cadet School in 1892, Sytin began his Imperial Russian Army career. He graduated from the Nikolayev Academy of the General Staff in 1899 in the first category. He took part in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905. From 1908 to 1909 he was the head of the combat department of the headquarters of the Brest-Litoŭsk Fortress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Svechin
Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander and Aleksandr. Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexandre, Aleks, Aleksa and Sander; feminine forms include Alexandra, Alexandria, and Sasha. Etymology The name ''Alexander'' originates from the (; 'defending men' or 'protector of men'). It is a compound of the verb (; 'to ward off, avert, defend') and the noun (, genitive: , ; meaning 'man'). It is an example of the widespread motif of Greek names expressing "battle-prowess", in this case the ability to withstand or push back an enemy battle line. The earliest attested form of the name, is the Mycenaean Greek feminine anthroponym , , (/ Alexandra/), written in the Linear B syllabic script. Alaksandu, alternatively called ''Alakasandu'' o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
