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Vapniarka
Vapniarka (), also known as Vapniarca, Vapnyarka, Wapnjarka or Wapniarka, is a Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements, rural settlement in Tulchyn Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, known since 1870 as a railroad station. Its name from the Ukrainian language translates as a Lime (material), lime (gypsum) settlement. As of January 2022 Vapniarka's population was approximately History During World War II, following the start of Operation Barbarossa, Vapniarka was administered by Romania. From October 22, 1941, to March 1944, it was included in the region of Transnistria (World War II), Transnistria and became the site for a Vapniarka concentration camp, concentration camp for members of the History of the Jews in Romania, Romanian Jewish community. This succession of events formed a part of The Holocaust in Romania. Today, Vapniarka serves as the final train destination for visitors traveling to villages in Tomashpilskyi and Yampilskyi Raion of Vinnytsia Oblast. From here, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vapniarka Concentration Camp
The Vapniarka concentration camp was a Romania, Romanian-administered concentration camp established in occupied Transnistria Governorate in Vapniarka, Ukraine during the Second World War. History Soon after Romania, under the leadership of Ion Antonescu, joined the war on the Axis Powers, Axis side and took part in the invasion of the Soviet Union, its administration extended over the Dniester and areas up to then forming part of the Ukrainian SSR (''see Romania during World War II''). By that time, the 700 History of the Jews in Ukraine, local Jewish inhabitants had fled or had been killed by the Nazi Germany, Nazi German or Romanian troops. In October 1941, the Romanians established a detention camp in Vapniarka. One thousand Jews were brought to the site that month, mostly from the city of Odessa. Some 200 died in a typhus epidemic; the others were taken out of the camp in two batches, guarded by soldiers of the Jandarmeria Română, Romanian Gendarmerie, and shot to death. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast (, ), also referred to as Vinnychchyna (), is an oblasts of Ukraine, oblast in central Ukraine. Its capital city, administrative center is Vinnytsia. The oblast has a population of History Vinnytsia Oblast, first established on February 27, 1932, originally comprised Raions of Ukraine, raions (regions) of the following former okruhas of Ukraine (districts of Soviet Ukraine): * Uman Okruha * Berdychiv Okruha * Vinnytsia Okruha * Mohyliv Okruha * Tulchyn Okruha * Shepetivka Okruha * Proskuriv Okruha * Kamianets Okruha In 1935 bordering territories of the oblast were transformed into Soviet border districts: Shepetivka Okrug, Proskuriv Okrug, and Kamianets Okrug. In 1937 the Kamianets Oblast, based on the border districts, was formed (it later became Khmelnytsky Oblast). During World War II the occupying Axis powers split the territory of Vinnytsia Oblast between the General District Shitomir (Zhytomyr in Reichskommissariat Ukraine) and the Transnistria Governorate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hromadas Of Ukraine
There are 1,469 hromadas (, ) in Ukraine. They were formed in 2020 (there are no hromadas in Kyiv, Sevastopol and in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea). A hromada is designated ''urban hromada'' if its administration is located in a city; ''settlement hromada'' if it is located in a rural settlement (''selyshche''), and ''rural hromada'' if it is located in a selo. Cherkasy Oblast Chernihiv Oblast Chernivtsi Oblast Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Donetsk Oblast Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast Kharkiv Oblast Kherson Oblast Khmelnytskyi Oblast Kirovohrad Oblast Kyiv Oblast Luhansk Oblast Lviv Oblast Mykolaiv Oblast Odesa Oblast Poltava Oblast Rivne Oblast Sumy Oblast Ternopil Oblast Vinnytsia Oblast Volyn Oblast Zakarpattia Oblast Zaporizhzhia Oblast Zhytomyr Oblast Zhytomyr Oblast (), also referred to as Zhytomyrshchyna (), is an Administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transnistria (World War II)
The Transnistria Governorate () was a Romania in World War II, Romanian-administered territory between the Dniester and Southern Bug, conquered by the Axis Powers from the Soviet Union during Operation Barbarossa. A Romanian civilian administration governed the territory from 19 August 1941 to 29 January 1944. A brief military administration followed, during which the Romanians withdrew from the region by late March 1944. German control became official on 1 April 1944. Limited in the west by the Dniester river (separating it from Bessarabia), in the east by the Southern Bug river (separating it from the German Reichskommissariat Ukraine), and in the south by the Black Sea, it comprised the present-day region of Transnistria (which compared to the World War II in whole is only a small strip along the bank of the Dniester) and territories further east (modern Odesa Oblast eastward of the Dniester, southern Vinnytsia Oblast and a small part of Mykolaiv Oblast), including the Black S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomashpil
Tomashpil (, ) is a rural settlement in the eastern Podolia, specifically in Tulchyn Raion of Vinnytsia Oblast in central Ukraine. Tomashpil is situated on the banks of the Rusava River. Tomashpil is the administrative district of Tomashpil Raion (780 km2), home to 40.608 people scattered over the town and 30 villages around. Population: The closest railway station is Vapniarka, 19 km away. It is accessible by taxi or a small bus called a 'Marshrutka'. History The area of Tomashpil and all of Bratslav Voivodeship was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1569. And in 1569 (with the Union of Lublin) it passed to the Polish kingdom. The first historical mention in the documents dates to 1616, when Tomashpil and the entire Podolia belonged to the Kingdom of Poland (Polish Crown). During Polish rule Tomshpil belonged to Braclaw Voivoidship. In 1793, during the Second Partition of Poland, Tomashpil and Eastern Podolia passed from Poland to the Russian Empire. It w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olhopil, Vinnytsia Oblast
Olhopil () is a village in Haisyn Raion of Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It is located in the historic region of Podolia. History Demographics In the area, local residents sought refuge during the Tatar and haydamak raids. Roguska Czeczelnicka (, ''Rohuzka Chechelnytska'' or ), a private village of the Lubomirski family, administratively located in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of Poland, was first known since 1780. It was annexed by Russia in the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. In 1795 it was renamed Olgopol () by Catherine II in the name of her granddaughter, Olga Pavlovna. It was also known as Holopol. In 1797, the uyezd seat was moved from Chechelnik to Olhopil. It was administratively located in the Podolia Governorate. The Jewish population in 1847 was 247. As of 1876, the town was home to 176 nobles and 41 clergy. A distillery was established in 1876. In the 1880s, there were also a tallow candle factory and a brickworks. Several small an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jandarmeria Română
The ''Jandarmeria Română'' () is the national Gendarmerie force of Romania, tasked with high-risk and specialized law enforcement duties. It is one of the two main police forces in Romania (the other being the Romanian Police - a civilian force), both having jurisdiction over the civilian population. The gendarmerie is subordinated Ministry of Internal Affairs and does not have responsibility for policing the Romanian Armed Forces. This duty lies with the Military Police subordinated to the Romanian Land Forces. History The beginnings The first Gendarmerie corps was created on 3 April 1850 in Moldavia by Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica. After the Union of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1859 under Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the Gendarmerie was subordinated to the Ministry of War as a separate armed force.''Repere istorice''< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhus
Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash. Typically these begin one to two weeks after exposure. The diseases are caused by specific types of bacterial infection. Epidemic typhus is caused by '' Rickettsia prowazekii'' spread by body lice, scrub typhus is caused by '' Orientia tsutsugamushi'' spread by chiggers, and murine typhus is caused by '' Rickettsia typhi'' spread by fleas. Vaccines have been developed, but none is commercially available. Prevention is achieved by reducing exposure to the organisms that spread the disease. Treatment is with the antibiotic doxycycline. Epidemic typhus generally occurs in outbreaks when poor sanitary conditions and crowding are present. While once common, it is now rare. Scrub typhus occurs in Southeast Asia, Japan, and northern Australia. Murine typhus occurs in tropical and subtropi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odessa
ODESSA is an American codename (from the German language, German: ''Organisation der ehemaligen SS-Angehörigen'', meaning: Organization of Former SS Members) coined in 1946 to cover Ratlines (World War II aftermath), Nazi underground escape-plans made at the end of World War II by a group of ''SS'' officers with the aim of facilitating secret escape routes, and any directly ensuing arrangements. The concept of the existence of an actual ODESSA organisation has circulated widely in fictional Spy fiction, spy novels and movies, including Frederick Forsyth's best-selling 1972 thriller ''The Odessa File''. The escape-routes have become known as "Ratlines (World War II), ratlines". Known goals of elements within the ''SS'' included allowing ''SS'' members to escape to Argentina or to the Middle East under false passports. Although an unknown number of wanted Nazis and war criminals escaped Germany and often Europe, most experts deny that an organisation called ODESSA ever existed. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban-type Settlement
Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the Soviet Union and later also for a short time in People's Republic of Bulgaria, socialist Bulgaria and Polish People's Republic, socialist Poland. It remains in use today in nine of the post-Soviet states. The designation was used in all 15 member republics of the Soviet Union from 1922. It was introduced later in Poland (1954) and Bulgaria (1964). All the urban-type settlements in Poland were transformed into other types of settlement (town or village) in 1972. In Bulgaria and five of the post-Soviet republics (Armenia, Moldova, and the three Baltic states), they were changed in the early 1990s, while Ukraine followed suit in 2023. Today, this term is still used in the other nine post-Soviet republics – Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia (co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sobolivka (Teplytskyi Raion)
Sobolivka () is a village in Haisyn Raion of Vinnytsia Oblast in west-central Ukraine. Population is 3,752 (2004). On territory of village is: railway station of Duklya, saccharine (does not work) brickwork, 2 schools, 2 children garden, house of culture, hospital, church (Rizdvyano-bogoroditskiy temple - 1790, 1852 reconstructed). The river of Derkachka flows through the village. Distance is from Sobolivki to Kyiv - 293 kilometres. History The settlement of Sobolivka was founded in the place where once existed the city of Sables, founded the Buh Cossacks for protecting of edge from the raids of Tatars. An original fortress was furnished two large earthen billows. Tatars pranged a fortress, and populations destroyed. Afterwards here was a new settlement with the name of Sobolivka, which entered in the complement of domains of the Polish counts of Pototskikh. Until 18 July 2020, Sobolivka was located in the Teplyk Raion. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzyhivka
Dzygivka (), formerly known as Dzyhivka (), is one of the oldest villages in central Ukraine, of Mohyliv-Podilskyi Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast. It is located in the historical region of Podolia, on the Korytna Stream that flows into the Rusava River, a tributary of the Dniester River. History Ancient history Human inhabitants have lived in the region since at least the Neolithic period, with Bug-Dniester culture and Cucuteni-Trypillian culture archeological settlements found in the Yampіlsky Raion. During the Great Migration Period, many nationalities passed through or settled in the region, leaving numerous traces in archaeological remains, including the Cuman people, Kipchak people, Pechenegs, Polans, and Korchak culture. The main language was Proto-Slavic. Nestor in the Primary Chronicle mentions Slavic tribes, the Tivertsi and Ulichs along the Dniester. The Avars invaded in the 7th century. Prince Oleg of Kiev, extended his rule over this territory known as the ''po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
