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Valentine Thomas
Valentine Thomas (died 1603) was an English servant or soldier whose confession in 1598 as a would-be assassin of Elizabeth I caused tension between England and Scotland. Thomas's confession implicated James VI of Scotland, who wrote several letters to Elizabeth to ensure his rights to English throne were unharmed. Arrest and confession Valentine Thomas was arrested in March 1598 at Morpeth. A Scottish man captured in England, Robert Crawforth, gave testimony that prompted Thomas's arrest. He described meeting Thomas and the usher or door keeper John Stewart at Holyrood Palace in 1597. John Stewart gave Thomas access to the palace and James VI. James had another servant of that name, John Stewart of Rosland, usually identified as a valet. Crawforth, who was transferred to the Marshalsea prison in London, described one aspect of a conspiracy, that Valentine Thomas had offered to engage the support of English Catholics to put James on the English throne. Crawforth was encouraged to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen". Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, his second wife, who was executed when Elizabeth was two years old. Anne's marriage to Henry was annulled, and Elizabeth was for a time declared illegitimate. Her half-brother Edward VI ruled until his death in 1553, bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters, the Catholic Mary and the younger Elizabeth, in spite of statute law to the contrary. Edward's will was set aside and Mary became queen, deposing Lady Jane Grey. During Mary's reign, Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels. Upon her half-sister's death in 1558, Elizabeth succeeded to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linlithgow Palace
The ruins of Linlithgow Palace are located in the town of Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, west of Edinburgh Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian .... The palace was one of the principal residences of the monarchs of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland in the 15th and 16th centuries. Although maintained after Scotland's monarchs left for England in 1603, the palace was little used, and was burned out in 1746. It is now a visitor attraction in the care of Historic Environment Scotland. Origins A royal manor existed on the site from the 12th century. This was enclosed by a timber palisade and outer fosse to create a fortification known as 'the Peel', built in 1301/2 by occupying English forces under Edward I of England, Edward I to designs by James of Saint Geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Kinloss
Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Kinloss PC (1548 – 14 January 1611) was a Scottish lawyer and judge. He was the second son of Edward Bruce of Blairhall and Alison Reid. Career In 1594 James VI sent him as ambassador to London and gave him £1,000 Scots for his expenses. With James Colville, he was sent to invite Queen Elizabeth to send a representative to the baptism of Prince Henry, discuss the matter of the Earl of Bothwell, Catholics in Scotland, and ask for the yearly sum of money that Elizabeth gave to James VI. They were to ensure the money was paid to Thomas Foulis. He also requested the rendition of Anne of Denmark's goldsmith Jacob Kroger who had fled to England with the queen's jewels. Bruce was sent to London for money from Elizabeth again in April 1598 and received £3,000. He interceded in a legal case in London for his brother, George Bruce of Carnock, whose ship the '' Bruce'' had been forced to take on a group of African and Portuguese captives by English captai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privy Council Of Scotland
The Privy Council of Scotland ( — 1 May 1708) was a body that advised the Scottish monarch. In the range of its functions the council was often more important than the Estates in the running the country. Its registers include a wide range of material on the political, administrative, economic and social affairs of the Kingdom of Scotland. The council supervised the administration of the law, regulated trade and shipping, took emergency measures against the plague, granted licences to travel, administered oaths of allegiance, banished beggars and gypsies, dealt with witches, recusants, Covenanters and Jacobites and tackled the problem of lawlessness in the Highlands and the Borders. History Like the Parliament, the council was a development of the King's Council. The King's Council, or ''curia regis'', was the court of the monarch surrounded by his royal officers and others upon whom he relied for advice. It is known to have existed in the thirteenth century, if not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Nicholson (diplomat)
George Nicholson or Nicolson (floruit 1577–1612), was an English diplomat in Scotland. Resident in Scotland George Nicholson was not an ambassador in Scotland but a resident agent. He had been a servant of Robert Bowes for many years. Nicholson, Christopher Shepherdson, and William Wood were mentioned as servants of Bowes in the will of Isotta de Canonici, the wife of the Italian writer Giacomo Castelvetro, who died in Edinburgh in 1594. Bowes became unwell in 1597 and intended Nicholson should take his place. On 6 December 1597 Queen Elizabeth wrote to James VI accrediting him to be the resident in Scotland. Nicholson was to get 13s-4d per day and the help of the Governor of Berwick-upon-Tweed to convey his letters. Nicholson was soon treated as an ambassador in all but name. Most of his letters were sent to the Secretary, Sir Robert Cecil. His network of contacts at the Scottish court built on the organisation built by Bowes and the English courtier Roger Aston, and he came ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susan Doran
Susan Doran is a British historian whose primary studies surround the reign of Elizabeth I, in particular the theme of marriage and succession. She has published and edited sixteen books, notably ''Elizabeth I and Religion, 1558-1603'', ''Monarchy and Matrimony'' and ''Queen Elizabeth I'', the last part of the British Library's Historic Lives series. Doran is a Director of Studies for history at Regent's Park College, Oxford and Senior Research Fellow for History at Jesus College, Oxford, where her specific area of interest is Early Modern British and European history. Previously, Doran was a Reader in history and Director of the History Programme at St Mary's College, Strawberry Hill, part of the University of Surrey The University of Surrey is a public research university in Guildford, Surrey, England. The university received its royal charter in 1966, along with a number of other institutions following recommendations in the Robbins Report. The institu ....Dustcover Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safety Of The Queen, Etc
Safety is the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other danger. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk. Meanings There are two slightly different meanings of ''safety''. For example, ''home safety'' may indicate a building's ability to protect against external harm events (such as weather, home invasion, etc.), or may indicate that its internal installations (such as appliances, stairs, etc.) are safe (not dangerous or harmful) for its inhabitants. Discussions of safety often include mention of related terms. Security is such a term. With time the definitions between these two have often become interchanged, equated, and frequently appear juxtaposed in the same sentence. Readers unfortunately are left to conclude whether they comprise a redundancy. This confuses the uniqueness that should be reserved for each by itself. When seen as unique, as we intend here, each term will a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of The Crowns
The Union of the Crowns ( gd, Aonadh nan Crùintean; sco, Union o the Crouns) was the accession of James VI of Scotland to the throne of the Kingdom of England as James I and the practical unification of some functions (such as overseas diplomacy) of the two separate realms under a single individual on 24 March 1603. Whilst a misnomer, therefore, what is popularly known as "The Union of the Crowns" followed the death of James's cousin, Elizabeth I of England, the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. The union was personal or dynastic, with the Crown of England and the Crown of Scotland remaining both distinct and separate despite James's best efforts to create a new imperial throne. England and Scotland continued as two separate states sharing a monarch, who directed their domestic and foreign policy, along with Ireland, until the Acts of Union of 1707 during the reign of the last Stuart monarch, Anne. However, there was a republican interregnum in the 1650s, during which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recusant
Recusancy (from la, recusare, translation=to refuse) was the state of those who remained loyal to the Catholic Church and refused to attend Church of England services after the English Reformation. The 1558 Recusancy Acts passed in the reign of Elizabeth I, and temporarily repealed in the Interregnum (1649–1660), remained on the statute books until 1888. They imposed punishments such as fines, property confiscation and imprisonment on recusants. The suspension under Oliver Cromwell was mainly intended to give relief to nonconforming Protestants rather than to Catholics, to whom some restrictions applied into the 1920s, through the Act of Settlement 1701, despite the 1828 Catholic Emancipation. In some cases those adhering to Catholicism faced capital punishment, and some English and Welsh Catholics who were executed in the 16th and 17th centuries have been canonised by the Catholic Church as martyrs of the English Reformation. Definition Today, ''recusant'' applies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmund Ashfield (Catholic Agent)
Edmund Ashfield (1576ca. 1620) was an English Catholic from Tattenhoe in Buckinghamshire. In 1599 he travelled to Edinburgh to meet James VI of Scotland. An English diplomat organised his kidnap and rendition in the belief that Ashfield was an agent of James VI and working to further his succession to the English throne. Background Ashfield was a grandson of Christopher Ashfield of Chesham, who was a brother of Sir Edmund Ashfield (1480-1558). He was educated at St Mary Hall, Oxford. He married Clara Hoord or Whorde in 1588. An aunt or cousin Cecily Ashfield was married to the Lord Chancellor Sir John Fortescue of Salden. Edmund's uncle Thomas Ashfield was a bailiff for the Earl of Oxford in 1571, and Edmund was Thomas's heir in 1609. In 1606, Ashfield was involved in the rebuilding of Ashridge Priory for Sir Thomas Egerton. Ashfield was a friend of the writing-master John Davies of Hereford. In 1612, Henry Peacham dedicated his ''Graphice, or the Auncient Arte of Drawing a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berwick-upon-Tweed
Berwick-upon-Tweed (), sometimes known as Berwick-on-Tweed or simply Berwick, is a town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, south of the Anglo-Scottish border, and the northernmost town in England. The 2011 United Kingdom census recorded Berwick's population as 12,043. The town is at the mouth of the River Tweed on the east coast, south east of Edinburgh, north of Newcastle upon Tyne, and north of London. Uniquely for England, the town is slightly further north than Denmark's capital Copenhagen and the southern tip of Sweden further east of the North Sea, which Berwick borders. Berwick was founded as an Anglo-Saxon settlement in the Kingdom of Northumbria, which was annexed by England in the 10th century. A civil parish and town council were formed in 2008 comprising the communities of Berwick, Spittal and Tweedmouth. It is the northernmost civil parish in England. The area was for more than 400 years central to historic border wars between the Kingdoms of Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorley Boy MacDonnell
Sorley Boy MacDonnell ( Scottish Gaelic: ''Somhairle Buidhe Mac Domhnaill''), also spelt as MacDonald (c. 1505 – 1590), Scoto-Irish chief, was the son of Alexander Carragh MacDonnell, 5th of Dunnyveg, of Dunyvaig Castle, lord of Islay and Cantire, and Catherine, daughter of the Lord of Ardnamurchan, both in Scotland. MacDonnell is best known for establishing the MacDonnell clan in Antrim, Ireland, and resisting the campaign of Shane O'Neill and the English crown to expel the clan from Ireland. Sorley Boy's connection to other Irish Roman Catholic lords was complicated, but also culturally and familiarly strong: for example, he married Mary O'Neill, the daughter of Conn O'Neill. He is also known in English as Somerled and Somerled of the yellow hair. Clan MacDonnell The MacDonnells of Antrim were a sept of the powerful Clan Donald of the royal Clann Somhairle, ''(see Lords of the Isles)'', that the English crown had attempted to cultivate since the early 14th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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