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Valdemar I
Valdemar I Knudsen (14 January 1131 – 12 May 1182), also known as Valdemar the Great (), was King of Denmark from 1154 until his death in 1182. The reign of King Valdemar I saw the rise of Denmark, which reached its medieval zenith under his son King Valdemar II. Childhood Valdemar was the son of Canute Lavard, Duke of Schleswig, the chivalrous and popular eldest son of King Eric I of Denmark. Valdemar's father was murdered by King Magnus I of Sweden days before the birth of Valdemar; his mother, Ingeborg of Kiev, daughter of Grand Prince Mstislav I of Kiev and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden, named him after her grandfather, Grand Prince Vladimir Monomakh of Kiev. Valdemar was raised at Ringsted in the court of Danish nobleman Asser Rig of Fjenneslev (–1151). Asser was a member of the Hvide noble family and had been raised together with Valdemar's father Canute Lavard. Valdemar was raised together with Asser's sons, including Absalon (–1201), who would become an archbis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracteate
A bracteate (from the Latin ''bractea'', a thin piece of metal) is a flat, thin, single-sided gold medal worn as jewelry that was produced in Northern Europe predominantly during the Migration Period of the Germanic Iron Age (including the Vendel era in Sweden). Bracteate coins are also known from the medieval kingdoms around the Bay of Bengal, such as Harikela and Mon city-states. The term is also used for thin discs, especially in gold, to be sewn onto clothing in the ancient world, as found for example in the ancient Persian Oxus treasure, and also later silver coins produced in central Europe during the Early Middle Ages. Gold bracteates from the Migration Period Gold bracteates commonly denote a certain type of jewelry, made mainly in the 5th to 7th century AD, represented by numerous gold specimens. Bead-rimmed and fitted with a loop, most were intended to be worn suspended by a string around the neck, supposedly as an amulet. The gold for the bracteates came from co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valdemar II
Valdemar II Valdemarsen (28 June 1170 – 28 March 1241), later remembered as Valdemar the Victorious () and Valdemar the Conqueror, was King of Denmark from 1202 until his death in 1241. In 1207, Valdemar invaded and conquered Lybeck and Holstein, expanding the Danish territories. His involvement in the Norwegian succession led to the second Bagler War, temporarily settling the issue and making the Norwegian king owe allegiance to Denmark. He faced disputes with the papacy over the appointment of the Prince-Archbishop of Bremen and the Bishop of Schleswig. Valdemar's military campaigns included conflicts in northern Germany and the establishment of Danish rule in Estonia in 1219. His reign saw the adoption of a feudal system in Denmark and the creation of the Code of Jutland, which served as Denmark's legal code until 1683. Background He was the second son of King Valdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Polotsk. When his father died, young Valdemar was only twelve years ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Grathe Heath
The Battle of Grathe Heath was fought in 1157 between the Denmark, Danish armies of Valdemar I of Denmark, Valdemar I and his rival for the Danish throne, Sweyn III of Denmark, Sweyn III. Valdemar's forces won the battle, and Sweyn III of Denmark, Sweyn III was slain while attempting to flee. Background The battle of Grathe (Grey) Heath on 23 October 1157 marked the end of a civil war between Sweyn III, Canute V, and Valdemar I the Great, all contenders for the Danish throne. After Eric III of Denmark had abdicated in 1146, Sweyn III, son of Eric Emune, was declared king of Zealand (Denmark), Zealand and Scania, while Canute, son of King Magnus, became king of Jutland. Canute made several attempts to conquer Zealand (1147 and 1150), but was driven off and fled to Germany, where he managed to raise an army. In 1152, a battle was fought at Gedebæk, close to Viborg, Denmark, Viborg. Canute lost and appealed to the German king (later emperor), Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, Frede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric II Of Denmark
Eric II the Memorable (; – 18 September 1137) was king of Denmark between 1134 and 1137. Eric was an illegitimate son of Eric I of Denmark, who ruled Denmark from 1095 to 1103. Eric the Memorable rebelled against his uncle Niels of Denmark, and was declared king in 1134. He punished his adversaries severely, and rewarded his supporters handsomely. He was killed by a subject in 1137 and was promptly succeeded by his nephew Eric III of Denmark. Early life Eric was born around 1090, to King Eric I of Denmark and an unknown concubine.Stefan PajungErik Emune ca. 1090–1137 danmarkshistorien.dk, Aarhus University, 20 January 2010 He was given some Danish isles by his half-brother Canute Lavard,Carl Frederik Bricka, Bricka, Carl Frederik, ''Dansk Biografisk Lexikon'', vol. IV [Clemens – Eynden], 1890pp.540–542 and was ''earl, jarl'' of Møn, Lolland, and Falster.Palle Birk Hansen Jubilæumslogo > Logohistorier > Peder Bodilsen">Forside > Jubilæumslogo > Logohistorier > Peder Bodi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric III Of Denmark
Eric III Lamb (, – 27 August 1146) was King of Denmark from 1137 until 1146. He was the grandson of Eric I and the nephew of Eric II, whom he succeeded on the throne. He abdicated in 1146, and was the only Danish monarch to do so voluntarily, until Margrethe II, 878 years later in 2024. His succession led to a period of civil war between Sweyn III, Canute V, and Valdemar I. Biography Eric was born on Funen. His mother was Ragnhild, the daughter of King Eric I, and his father was the nobleman Hakon Sunnivasson, a great-grandson of King Magnus the Good of Norway and Denmark. Eric was the nephew of Eric II of Denmark; he fought for Eric II at the decisive Battle of Fotevik in 1134,Stefan PajungErik Lam ca. 1100-1147 Aarhus University, 20 January 2010, archived frothe originalon 7 August 2011. and succeeded him to the throne when he was murdered in 1137. Not much is known of Eric's kingship; there is much disagreement among contemporary chroniclers about his person ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esbern Snare
Esbern Snare (1127–1204), also known as Esbern the Resolute, was a '' høvding'', or chieftain, royal chancellor and crusader. His family were members of the powerful Hvide clan. In 1192, during the Crusades and after the fall of Jerusalem, he led a small group of Danish soldiers to the Holy Land. Upon his return, he had the Church of Our Lady, Kalundborg built. Early life Born in 1127, Snare was the eldest son of Asser Rig (c. 1080–1151), also called Asser the rich, of the Hvide clan. Esbern's mother, Lady Inge, was the daughter of and Princess Cecilia Knutsdatter. He was the grandson of Skjalm Hvide and great-grandson of Canute IV of Denmark (c. 1042 – 10 July 1086), the first Danish king (1080–1086) to be canonized. His family lived in Fjenneslev, Zealand. His brother was Absalon (c. 1128–1201), who became a powerful warrior leader and main advisor to Danish kings, and also Bishop of Roskilde and later Archbishop of Lund. Valdemar I of Denmark was his fost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absalon
Absalon (21 March 1201) was a Danish statesman and prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the bishop of Roskilde from 1158 to 1192 and archbishop of Lund from 1178 until his death. He was the foremost politician and church father of Denmark in the second half of the 12th century, and was the closest advisor of King Valdemar I of Denmark. He was a key figure in the Danish policies of territorial expansion in the Baltic Sea, Europeanization in close relationship with the Holy See, and reform in the relation between the Church and the public. He combined the ideals of Gregorian Reform with loyal support of a strong monarchical power. Absalon was born into the powerful '' Hvide'' clan, and owned great land possessions. He endowed several church institutions, most prominently his family's Sorø Abbey. He was granted lands by the crown, and built the first fortification of the city that evolved into modern-day Copenhagen. His titles were passed on to his nephews Anders Sun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hvide
The Hvide clan (English: ''Whites'') was a medieval Danish clan, and afterwards in early modern era a Danish noble surname of presumably one surviving branch of leaders of that clan. Before the 16th century it was not used as a surname. It signified the color white. Medieval Hvide clan The Hvide were influential in the Danish island of Zealand, and occasionally in other close parts of the country, such as other Danish islands and Skåne. They had a stronghold in Jørlunde. A folktale of the clan name contrasts this clan against the "black" clan of Viking leaders of Skåne (that then belonged to Denmark but now belongs to Sweden) ("Svarte Skåning") who had Thor as their chief god. The white islander clan were "protectees" of non-black god Odin. The Hvide leaders seem to have been among first to convert to Christianity, and later, the clansmen regularly rose to highest positions of Danish church, including several Roman Catholic archbishops of Lund. Several leaders of the cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Monomakh
Vladimir II Monomakh (; Christian name: ''Vasily''; 26 May 1053 – 19 May 1125) was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1113 to 1125. He is considered a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church and is celebrated on May 6. Family background His father was Vsevolod Yaroslavich, born 1030 as the fifth son of grand prince of Kiev Yaroslav the Wise (); he himself would go on to reign as grand prince Vsevolod I of Kiev from 1078 to 1093. In 1046, to seal an armistice in the Rus'–Byzantine War, Vsevolod Yaroslavich, then a junior member of the princely Rurikids of Kievan Rus', contracted a diplomatic marriage with a relative of the reigning Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachos (), from whom Vladimir (born in 1053) likely inherited his sobriquet, ''Monomakh''. The name and ancestry of his mother are unknown; Byzantine sources do not mention the marriage at all, and the ''Primary Chronicle'' only says that his father Vsevolod had him by a ''tsesaritsa Gr'kyna'', meaning 'Greek prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christina Ingesdotter Of Sweden
Christina Ingesdotter ( Swedish: ''Kristina''; 11th century – 18 January 1122) was a Swedish princess and a princess consort of Veliky Novgorod, Rostov and Belgorod, by marriage to Grand Prince Mstislav I of Kiev. Life Christina was the daughter of King Inge the Elder of Sweden and Queen Helena. Helena was the sister of Blot-Sven King of Sweden. She was likely the eldest of the three royal daughters, being married before her sisters Margaret and Katarina. Christina was married to Mstislav, who was Prince of Veliky Novgorod, Rostov, and Belgorod during their marriage, thereby giving her the equivalent titles. According to Vasily Tatishchev they married in 1095. Polish historian Dariusz Dąbrowski stated that Tatischev didn't base on reliable source. Christina married Mstislav between 1090 and 1096. The personal seal of Christina has been found by archaeologists, depicting a woman with a crown and the aureola of a saint and the inscription "Saint Christina" in Greek. Princess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mstislav I Of Kiev
Mstislav I Vladimirovich Monomakh (; Christian name: ''Fedor''; February 1076 – 14 April 1132), also known as Mstislav the Great, was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1125 until his death in 1132. After his death, the state began to quickly disintegrate into rival principalities. He was the eldest son of Vladimir II Monomakh by Gytha of Wessex. He is figured prominently in the Norse Sagas under the name Harald, to allude to his grandfather, Harold II of England. Biography Mstislav was born in Turov. As his father's future successor, he reigned in Novgorod from 1088 to 1093 and (after a brief stint at Rostov) from 1095 to 1117. Thereafter, he was Monomakh's co-ruler in Belgorod Kievsky, and inherited the Kievan throne after his death. He built numerous churches in Novgorod, of which St. Nicholas Cathedral (1113), and the cathedral of St Anthony Cloister (1117) survive to the present day. Later, he would also erect important churches in Kiev, notably his family sepulchre at B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnus I Of Sweden
Magnus the Strong (c. 1106 – 4 June 1134), also known as Magnus Nilsson ( Bricka, Carl Frederik, ''Dansk Biografisk Lexikon'', vol. XI aar – Müllner 1897, pp.45Available online/ref>), was a Danish duke who ruled Götaland in southern Sweden from the 1120s to c. 1132. It is disputed whether he was elected king by the Swedes, but he is nevertheless sometimes found in the modern list of Swedish monarchs as Magnus I. Snorri Sturlason gives him the epithet "Strong". He was also briefly co-king of Denmark from 15 April 1134 and until his death. Youth and appearance Magnus was the son of King Niels I of Denmark and Margaret Fredkulla, the second or eldest daughter of King Inge the Elder of Sweden. His elder brother Inge was killed in a riding accident, leaving Magnus as the sole heir to Niels. He grew up to be a tall and strong young man, a head taller than anyone else. The chronicles give different opinions about his character, depending on their political preferences. The n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
