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Vajacki Marš
The "Warrior March", also known by its incipit "Come, We Shall March in Joint Endeavour", was the national anthem of the short-lived Belarusian Democratic Republic that existed from 1918 to 1919. History The lyrics of the song were first published in 1919 in Minsk, in the newspaper ''Belarus''. As the anthem of the Belarusian Democratic Republic, the song was approved in 1920, even though the republic was in exile at that time. During the Soviet rule of Belarus, the song was banned. However, there were attempts to adapt the lyrics to the communist ideology by replacing mentions of the national Belarusian white-red-white flag with those of the Soviet red banner. Throughout the 20th century, the song was actively used by pro-independence organizations of the Belarusian diaspora. After the restoration of the independence of Belarus in 1991, there were propositions to make "Vajacki marš" the national anthem of the Republic of Belarus A republic, based on the Latin phrase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Democratic Republic
The Belarusian People's Republic (BNR; , ), also known as the Belarusian Democratic Republic, was a state proclaimed by the Council of the Belarusian Democratic Republic in its Second Constituent Charter on 9 March 1918 during World War I. The Council proclaimed the Belarusian Democratic Republic independent in its Third Constituent Charter on 25 March 1918 during the occupation of contemporary Belarus by the Imperial German Army. The government of the Belarusian Democratic Republic never had power over the whole territory of Belarus. In 1919, it co-existed with an alternative Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Russia-controlled Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia (which later became part of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia, Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic), moving its seat of government to Vilnius and Hrodna, but ceased to exist due to the partition of the whole Belarusian territory between the Bolshevik Red Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Opposition
The Belarusian opposition consists of groups and individuals in Belarus seeking to challenge, from 1988 to 1991, the authorities of Soviet Belarus, and since 1995, the leader of the country Alexander Lukashenko (allied with Vladimir Putin), whom supporters of the movement often consider to be a dictator. Supporters of the movement tend to call for a parliamentary democracy based on a Western model, with freedom of speech and political and religious pluralism. Background The modern Belarusian democracy movement originated in the late 1980s when Mikhail Gorbachev's Perestroika and the Chernobyl disaster exposed the serious shortcomings of the Soviet system and galvanized a significant section of Belarusians around the issues of environment, de-Stalinization, national revival and democratic change. The dissolution of the Soviet Union brought about a brief period of democracy from 1991 to 1994. However, since his election in 1994, Alexander Lukashenko established an authoritarian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Anthems
European, or Europeans, may refer to: In general * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to Europe ** Ethnic groups in Europe ** Demographics of Europe ** European cuisine, the cuisines of Europe and other Western countries * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to the European Union ** European Union citizenship ** Demographics of the European Union In publishing * ''The European'' (1953 magazine), a far-right cultural and political magazine published 1953–1959 * ''The European'' (newspaper), a British weekly newspaper published 1990–1998 * ''The European'' (2009 magazine), a German magazine first published in September 2009 *'' The European Magazine'', a magazine published in London 1782–1826 *''The New European'', a British weekly pop-up newspaper first published in July 2016 Other uses * * Europeans (band), a British post-punk group, from Bristol See also * * * Europe (other) * T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Symbols Of Belarus
Upon the independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union, the country resurrected national symbols that were used before the Soviet era. These included a flag of red and white stripes and a coat of arms consisting of a charging knight on horseback. These national symbols were replaced by Soviet-era symbols in a disputed 1995 vote. Those two symbols, along with the national anthem, are the constitutionally defined national symbols of Belarus. Law In the 1994 Constitution of Belarus, Article 19 lists the official symbols of the country. Article 19 reads: Each national symbol is further defined by its respective laws. Uses of the national symbols are covered in the relevant law of each symbol. National flag The national flag has been in use since June 7, 1995, one of two symbols adopted in the contested 1995 referendum. The main element of the flag is a red and green bicolour, then decorated with an ornament pattern at the hoist position. The current flag is a modification of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical National Anthems
Below is a list of various national anthems which, at some point in time, were the de jure or de facto anthems of various contemporary or historical states. List Sovereign states Sovereign states (abolished) Territories See also *Historical Chinese anthems *List of national anthems *List of regional anthems Notes Translations and transliterations References ;General * * * * * * ;Specific External linksNational anthems of the world, performed by the United States Navy Band {{DEFAULTSORT:Historical national anthems Lists of patriotic songs, National anthems (historical) Historical national anthems, Lists of anthems, Historical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian National Republic
The Belarusian People's Republic (BNR; , ), also known as the Belarusian Democratic Republic, was a state proclaimed by the Council of the Belarusian Democratic Republic in its Second Constituent Charter on 9 March 1918 during World War I. The Council proclaimed the Belarusian Democratic Republic independent in its Third Constituent Charter on 25 March 1918 during the occupation of contemporary Belarus by the Imperial German Army. The government of the Belarusian Democratic Republic never had power over the whole territory of Belarus. In 1919, it co-existed with an alternative Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Russia-controlled Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia (which later became part of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia, Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic), moving its seat of government to Vilnius and Hrodna, but ceased to exist due to the partition of the whole Belarusian territory between the Bolshevik Red Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marching Song
A march, as a musical genre, is a piece of music with a strong regular rhythm which in origin was expressly written for marching to and most frequently performed by a military band. In mood, marches range from the moving death march in Richard Wagner, Wagner's ''Götterdämmerung'' to the brisk military marches of John Philip Sousa and the martial hymns of the late 19th century. Examples of the varied use of the march can be found in Ludwig van Beethoven, Beethoven's Symphony No. 3 (Beethoven), ''Eroica'' Symphony, in the Three Marches Militaires (Schubert), Marches Militaires of Franz Schubert, in the Marche funèbre in Frédéric Chopin, Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 (Chopin), Sonata in B flat minor, the "''Jäger March''" in the by Jean Sibelius, and in the Dead March in George Frideric Handel, Handel's ''Saul (Handel), Saul''. Characteristics Marches can be written in any time signature, but the most common time signatures are , (''alla breve'' , although this may refer t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Warrior March
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vera Rich
Vera Rich (born Faith Elizabeth Joan Rich, 24 April 1936 – 20 December 2009) was a British poet, journalist, historian, and translator from Belarusian and Ukrainian. Biography Born in London in April 1936, she studied at St Hilda's College of the University of Oxford and Bedford College, London. In 1959, her poetry attracted the attention of the editors of John O'London's Weekly and the following year her first collection of verse, ''Outlines'', was privately produced and received favourable reviews, selling out within six months.Rich, Vera. "Portents and Images". London, 1963 lurb Her translations of the works of Taras Shevchenko, commissioned for the century of his death (1961), received favourable reviews, both in the West and in Soviet Ukraine. For this work, Rich was awarded an Honorary Diploma in Shevchenko Studies by the Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences. Later, influenced by Fr Ceslaus Sipovich, she started also translating Belarusian poetry. Her first translatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Phonology
The phonological system of the modern Belarusian language consists of at least 44 phonemes: 5 vowels and 39 consonants. Consonants may also be geminated. There is no absolute agreement on the number of phonemes; rarer or contextually variant sounds are included by some scholars. Many consonants may form pairs that differ only in palatalization (called ''hard'' and ''soft'' consonants, the latter being represented in the IPA with the symbol ). In some of such pairs, the place of articulation is additionally changed (see distinctive features below). Some consonants do not have palatalized counterparts. Distinctive features As an East Slavic language, Belarusian phonology is very similar to both Russian and Ukrainian phonology. The primary differences are: * Akannye () – the merger of unstressed into . The pronunciation of the merged vowel is a clear open front unrounded vowel , including after soft consonants and . In standard Russian akanye, the merger happens only afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standard written representation for the sounds of speech. The IPA is used by linguists, lexicography, lexicographers, foreign language students and teachers, speech–language pathology, speech–language pathologists, singers, actors, constructed language creators, and translators. The IPA is designed to represent those qualities of speech that are part of lexical item, lexical (and, to a limited extent, prosodic) sounds in oral language: phone (phonetics), phones, Intonation (linguistics), intonation and the separation of syllables. To represent additional qualities of speechsuch as tooth wikt:gnash, gnashing, lisping, and sounds made with a cleft lip and cleft palate, cleft palatean extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet, extended set of symbols may be used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
