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Uraman Takht
Uraman Takht () is a city in, and the capital of, Uraman District of Sarvabad County, Kurdistan province, Kurdistan province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Uraman Takht Rural District. History During the Iran–Iraq War, Iran-Iraq war, Uraman Takht, as the center of Hewraman, Uraman region, came under the control of the Sipay Rizgari group led by Sheykh Muhammad Uthman Siraj al-Din, Osman Naqshbandi. In September-October 1981, it was at the center of a battle for control over the region, before being recaptured by Iranian forces. Approximately 50 Sipay Rizgari fighters were killed and 200 captured by Iranian forces during the battle for the city. Demographics Ethnicity The city is populated by Kurds. Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, Uraman Takht's population was 2,754 in 644 households, when it was a village in Uraman Takht Rural District. The following census in 2011 counted 2,761 people in 711 households. The 2016 census measur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorani Language
Gorani (), also known by the name of its main dialect, Hawrami (, ''Hewramî''), is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken by ethnic Kurds in northeastern Iraq and northwestern Iran and which with Zaza language, Zaza constitute the Zaza–Gorani languages. Zaza and Gorani are linguistically distinct from the Kurdish language, although the great majority of their speakers consider their language to be Kurdish. Gorani is spoken in Iraq and Iran and has four dialects: Bajelani, Hawrami, and Sarli, some sources also include the Shabaki language, Shabaki as a dialect of Gorani as well. Of these, Hawrami was the traditional literary language and Koiné language, koiné of Kurds in the historical Ardalan region at the Zagros Mountains, but has since been supplanted by Central Kurdish and Southern Kurdish. Gorani is a literary language for many Kurds. Gorani had an estimated 180,000 speakers in Iran in 2007 and 120,000 speakers in Iraq as well in 2007 for a total of 300,000 speakers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uraman Takht Rural District
Uraman Takht Rural District () is in Uraman District of Sarvabad County, Kurdistan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Uraman Takht Uraman Takht () is a city in, and the capital of, Uraman District of Sarvabad County, Kurdistan province, Kurdistan province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Uraman Takht Rural District. History During the Iran–Ira .... Demographics Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 4,926 in 1,140 households. There were 4,814 inhabitants in 1,228 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 1,334 in 374 households. The most populous of its four villages was Kamaleh, with 756 people. See also References Rural Districts of Kurdistan province Populated places in Sarvabad County {{Sarvabad-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cities In Kurdistan Province
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agreed definition of the lower boundary for their size. In a narrower sense, a city can be defined as a permanent and densely populated place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organizations, and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving the efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carleton University
Carleton University is an English-language public university, public research university in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1942 as Carleton College, the institution originally operated as a private, non-denominational evening college to serve returning World War II veterans. Carleton was chartered as a university by the provincial government in 1952 through ''The Carleton University Act,'' which was then amended in 1957, giving the institution its current name. The university is named after the now-dissolved Carleton County, Ontario, Carleton County, which included the city of Ottawa at the time the university was founded. Carleton is organized into five faculties and with more than 65 degree programs. It has several specialized institutions, including the Arthur Kroeger College of Public Affairs, the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, the Carleton School of Journalism, the School of Public Policy and Administration, and the Sprott School of Business. As of 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurds
Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syria. Consisting of 30–45 million people, the global Kurdish population is largely concentrated in Kurdistan, but significant communities of the Kurdish diaspora exist in parts of West Asia beyond Kurdistan and in parts of Europe, most notably including: Turkey's Central Anatolian Kurds, as well as Kurds in Istanbul, Istanbul Kurds; Iran's Khorasani Kurds; the Caucasian Kurds, primarily in Kurds in Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan and Kurds in Armenia, Armenia; and the Kurdish populations in various European countries, namely Kurds in Germany, Germany, Kurds in France, France, Kurds in Sweden, Sweden, and the Kurds in the Netherlands, Netherlands. The Kurdish language, Kurdish languages and the Zaza–Gorani languages, both of which belong to the Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Uthman Siraj Al-Din
Sheikh Muhammad Uthman Siraj al-Din Naqshbandi (1896, Biyara, – 1997, Istanbul, Turkey), nicknamed Siraj al-Din al-Thani, meaning the second Siraj al-Din, in honor of his great-grandfather Uthman Siraj al-Din Naqshbandi, was an Islamic scholar, mystic of the Naqshbandi order, and leader of the Sipay Rizgari militant group. He belonged to one of the most influential noble households of the Middle East and Ottoman Empire, the Sheikhs of Tavil. Biography Early life Muhammad Uthman Siraj al-Din, grandson of and son of , was descended from Muhammad ibn Abdullah through Husayn ibn Ali, making him a sayyid.Osman Sirâceddîn-i Tavilî (en-nakshibendî, el-evvel) ve Ailesi, s. 40 As he was named Uthman in honor of his great-grandfather Uthman Siraj al-Din Naqshbandi, he was given the nickname "al-Thani", which means the second in Arabic. Muhammad Uthman Siraj al-Din was of Iraqi Kurdish origin and born in 1896 in the village of Biyara, to the Sheikhs of Tavil househ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sipay Rizgari
The Salvation Force (Kurdish: سپای ڕزگاری; Sipay Rizgarî) was a Naqshbandi Sufi Islamist militant group composed of Kurds, active in the Avroman region of Iranian Kurdistan during the 1979–1983 Kurdistan conflict and Iran-Iraq war. Like other Kurdish separatist groups in Iran, they aligned with and were armed by the Iraqi side. For the period of its existence, it was led by its founder Sheikh Muhammad Uthman Siraj al-Din Naqshbandi, of the prominent Sheikhs of Tawilah family. History Background Muhammad Uthman Siraj al-Din Naqshbandi, the group's founder, was born in Iraqi Kurdistan and was an Iraqi citizen. He fled to Iran in 1959 after getting into conflict with the political authorities of Iraq under Abd al-Karim Qasim, and established positive relations with the Iranian political authorities of the Pahlavi period. He became friends with Minister of the Court Amir-Asadollah Alam, and his sons took up roles in the Iranian government. He then made use of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hewraman
Avroman or Hawraman, (, ) is a mountainous region located within the provinces of Kurdistan and Kermanshah in western Iran and in north-eastern Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The main part of the Hawraman region is located in Iran and encompasses two components of the Central-Eastern Valley (Zhawaro and Takht, in Kurdistan Province); and the Western Valley (Lahon, in Kermanshah Province). The mode of human habitation in these two valleys has been adapted over millennia to the rough mountainous environment. Tiered steep-slope planning and architecture, gardening on dry-stone terraces, livestock breeding, and seasonal vertical migration are among the distinctive features of the local culture and life of the Hawrami Kurdish people who dwell in lowlands and highlands during different seasons of each year. On July 27, 2021, part of the Hawraman region along with Uramanat were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as a cultural site under the name "Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Ura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides. Iraq's primary rationale for the attack against Iran cited the need to prevent Ruhollah Khomeini—who had spearheaded the Iranian revolution in 1979—from exporting the new Iranian ideology to Iraq. There were also fears among the Iraqi leadership of Saddam Hussein that Iran, a theocratic state with a population predominantly composed of Shia Muslims, would exploit sectarian tensions in Iraq by rallying Iraq's Shia majority against the Baʽathist government, which was officially secular but dominated by Sunni Muslims. Iraq also wished to replace Iran as the power player in the Persian Gulf, which was not seen as an achievable objective prior to the Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanize
In linguistics, romanization is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and transcription, for representing the spoken word, and combinations of both. Transcription methods can be subdivided into '' phonemic transcription'', which records the phonemes or units of semantic meaning in speech, and more strict '' phonetic transcription'', which records speech sounds with precision. Methods There are many consistent or standardized romanization systems. They can be classified by their characteristics. A particular system's characteristics may make it better-suited for various, sometimes contradictory applications, including document retrieval, linguistic analysis, easy readability, faithful representation of pronunciation. * Source, or donor language – A system may be tailored to romanize text from a particular language, or a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenStreetMap
OpenStreetMap (abbreviated OSM) is a free, Open Database License, open geographic database, map database updated and maintained by a community of volunteers via open collaboration. Contributors collect data from surveying, surveys, trace from Aerial photography, aerial photo imagery or satellite imagery, and import from other freely licensed geodata sources. OpenStreetMap is Free content, freely licensed under the Open Database License and is commonly used to make electronic maps, inform turn-by-turn navigation, and assist in humanitarian aid and Data and information visualization, data visualisation. OpenStreetMap uses its own data model to store geographical features which can then be exported into other GIS file formats. The OpenStreetMap website itself is an Web mapping, online map, geodata search engine, and editor. OpenStreetMap was created by Steve Coast in response to the Ordnance Survey, the United Kingdom's national mapping agency, failing to release its data to the pub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran Standard Time
Iran Standard Time (IRST) or Iran Time (IT) is the time zone used in Iran. Iran uses a UTC offset UTC+03:30. IRST is defined by the 52.5 degrees east meridian, the same meridian which defines the Iranian calendar and is the official meridian of Iran. Between 2005 and 2008, by decree of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Iran did not observe daylight saving time (DST) (called ''Iran Daylight Time'' or ''IRDT''). It was reintroduced from 21 March 2008. On 21 September 2022, Iran abolished DST and now observes standard time year-round. Daylight Saving Time transitions The dates of DST transitions in Iran were based on the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran, which is in turn based on the March equinox ( Nowruz) as determined by astronomical calculation at the meridian for Iran Standard Time (52.5°E or GMT+3.5h). This resulted in the unique situation wherein the dates of DST transitions didn't fall on the same weekday each year as they do in most other countries. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
