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Ural-batyr
''Ural-batyr'' or ''Oral-batır'' (, pronounced , from Ural Mountains, Ural + Turkic language, Turkic Baghatur, ''batır'' 'hero, brave man') is the most famous ''kubair'' (epic poetry, epic poem) of the Bashkirs. It is a telling of heroic deeds and legendary creatures, the formation of natural phenomena, and so on. Plot Based on the Turkic peoples, Turkic and Iranian peoples, Iranic folk song traditions, the poem narrates about the heroic deeds of Ural-batyr. Ural is born to an elderly couple, Yanbike and Yənberði. Ural evinces from his very infancy all the features of a legendary hero, such as unflinching courage, honesty, kindheartedness, empathy, and great physical strength. Unlike his cunning and treacherous brother Shulgan (seSulgan-tash, Ural is an eager enemy of the evil and of Death which personifies it. Having matured, Ural sets out on the quest for Death, with the desire to find and destroy Him. On his way, he meets with various people and legendary creatures and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shulgan
Shulgan or Shulgen (Bashkir language, Bashkir: , Turkish language, Turkish: ) is the king of Waterlands in Bashkort and Turkic mythologies. The beginning of the legend "Ural-batyr, Ural Batyr" tells about two boys born on an island, surrounded by the ocean. A woman (Yanbike) and man (Yanbirde) have two boys named Ural and Shulgan. Ural is a good boy and obedient to his parents. Shulgan does not follow his parents' rules and traditions. Once when their parents are gone hunting, Shulgen challenges Ural to drink the blood of animal at home that was left by their parents. Ural refuses to do it. Shulgan then drinks the blood himself. The couple curse their son Shulgan and reject him. Shulgan, however, is the name of the first king of the Sumerian country. Today Shulgan-Tash Cave is located in the country of Bashkiriya. In Bashkortstan the cult of Shulgan-Tash has survived to the present, reflected in many ancient eposes of the Southern Urals. See also * Ural-batyr, Ural Batyr Referen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akbuzat
''Akbuzat'' (, from "blue-grey" and ''ат'' "horse") is the most famous ''kubair'' (epic poem) of the Bashkirs. It shows similarity to other epics (notably the story of Pegasus). The epic is also associated with the ice era ancient myth that involved the Shulgan-Tash Cave. It is part of the cycle of heroic legends involving the Ural-batyr and his descendants. Background The recording of Akbuzat is attributed to the Baskir poet and folklorist Mukhametsha Abdrakhmanovich Burangoluv. He obtained information about the epic during a 1910 expedition to Itkul volost in the now Baimaksky district of the Bashkortostan. The researcher reportedly took more than a decade to process the Akbuzat materials, which he received from sesen-poets or singers-storytellers. This can be partly attributed to the pressure Burangoluv received from the Bolshevik regime. During World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bashkirs
The Bashkirs ( , ) or Bashkorts (, ; , ) are a Turkic peoples, Turkic ethnic group indigenous to Russia. They are concentrated in Bashkortostan, a Republics of Russia, republic of the Russian Federation and in the broader historical region of Badzhgard, which spans both sides of the Ural Mountains, where Eastern Europe meets North Asia. Smaller communities of Bashkirs also live in the Tatarstan, Republic of Tatarstan, Perm Krai the Oblasts of Russia, oblasts of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg Oblast, Orenburg, Tyumen Oblast, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Sverdlovsk, Kurgan Oblast, Kurgan and other regions in Russia; sizeable minorities exist in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Most Bashkirs speak the Bashkir language, which is similar to the Tatar language, Tatar, Kazakh language, Kazakh and Kyrgyz language, Kyrgyz languages.The Bashkir language belongs to the Kipchak languages, Kipchak branch of Turkic languages; they share historical and cultural affinities with the broader ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shulgan-Tash Cave
Shulgan-Tash Cave (), also known as Kapova Cave (), is a limestone karst cave in the Burzyansky District of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southern Ural Mountains, approximately south-east of Ufa. Located on the Belaya River in the natural reserve Shulgan-Tash, the cave is best known for the 16,000 years old Upper Paleolithic rock paintings and drawings. It contains the northernmost known ancient paintings. Description Today, this area of wild dense forest and high white rocks is home to deer, bear, and the Bashkort bee. Around 10-20 thousand years ago the climate and the landscape were different. Summer was short, while winter months were very long and cold, and the landscape was tundra. Humans sought shelter in clefts and caves among the rocks. The entrance to the cave is situated on the southern slope of the Sarykuskan () mountain. The entrance forms a huge arch in height. To the left of the cave entrance is a lake from which the river Shul'gan () originat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ural Mountains
The Ural Mountains ( ),; , ; , or simply the Urals, are a mountain range in Eurasia that runs north–south mostly through Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the river Ural (river), Ural and northwestern Kazakhstan.Ural Mountains , Encyclopædia Britannica on-line The mountain range forms part of the Boundaries between the continents of Earth, conventional boundary between the continents of Europe and Asia, marking the separation between European Russia and Siberia. Vaygach Island and the islands of Novaya Zemlya form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean. The average altitudes of the Urals are around , the highest point being Mount Narodnaya, which reaches a height of . The mountains lie within the Ural (region), Ural geographical region and significantl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghatur
Baghatur is a historical Turkic and Mongolic honorific title, in origin a term for "hero" or "valiant warrior". The Papal envoy Plano Carpini ( 1185–1252) compared the title with the equivalent of European Knighthood. The word was common among the Mongols and became especially widespread, as an honorific title, in the Mongol Empire in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a regnal title in the Ilkhanate and the Timurid dynasty, among others. In the Mughal Empire which was a successor state of the Timurids, the term was pronounced as "Bahadur". The concept of the Baghatur is present in Turco-Mongol tradition, one instance is the Bashkir epic poem Ural-batyr . The Bogatyr of Eastern Slavic legends is derived from the Turkic term. Baghaturs were heroes of extraordinary courage, fearlessness, and decisiveness, often portrayed as being descended from heaven and capable of performing extraordinary deeds. Baghatu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1861
This year saw significant progress in the Unification of Italy, the outbreak of the American Civil War, and the emancipation reform abolishing serfdom in the Russian Empire. Events January * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-powered carousel is recorded, in Bolton, England. * January 2 – Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia dies, and is succeeded by Wilhelm I. American Civil War: ** January 3 – Delaware votes not to secede from the Union. ** January 9 – Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union. ** January 10 – Florida secedes from the Union. ** January 11 – Alabama secedes from the Union. ** January 12 – Major Robert Anderson sends dispatches to Washington. ** January 19 – Georgia secedes from the Union. ** January 21 – Jefferson Davis resigns from the United States Senate. ** January 26 – Louisiana secedes from the Union. * January 29 – Kansas is admitted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flood Myth
A flood myth or a deluge myth is a myth in which a great flood, usually sent by a deity or deities, destroys civilization, often in an act of divine retribution. Parallels are often drawn between the flood waters of these Mythology, myths and the primeval Abzu, cosmic ocean which appear in certain creation myths, as the flood waters are described as a measure for the social cleansing, cleansing of humanity, for example in preparation for wikt:rebirth, rebirth. Most flood myths also contain a culture hero, who "represents the human craving for life". The oldest known narrative of a List of flood myths, divinely inititated flood originates from the Sumer, Sumerian culture in Mesopotamia, among others expressed in the Akkadian Atra-Hasis, Athra-Hasis epic, which dates to the 18th century BCE. Comparable flood narratives appear in many other cultures, including the biblical Genesis flood narrative, ''manvantara-sandhya'' in Hinduism, Deucalion and Pyrrha in Greek mythology, also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sėsėn
The sėsėn ( Bashkir:cәсән; Russian: cэсэн) is a figure in Bashkir society who acts as an oral repository, equivalent to a narrator or poet, or to a bard. Sėsėns would learn and transmit their knowledge via oral tradition. Performances, sometimes improvised, were often accompanied with a dombra or quray, traditional instruments of the Bashkir. The main pieces performed were epic poems, legends, and '' kubair'', a genre of Bashkir oral literature. They played an active role in public life, and were keenly interested in people's lives. The heyday of the ''sėsėn'' was from the 16th to 18th centuries when much of ''kubair'' were composed. The banning of '' iyiyns'', traditional meetings of Bashkirs, in the 19th century deprived ''sėsėns'' of their audience, however ''aytysh'', traditional competitions between two performers, were widespread. In the 20th century, ''sėsėns'' have largely died out and transitioned to literary works. Before the advent of writing, the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkic Batyr And Dev
Turkic may refer to: * anything related to the country of Turkey * Turkic languages, a language family of at least thirty-five documented languages ** Turkic alphabets (other) ** Turkish language, the most widely spoken Turkic language * Turkic peoples, a collection of ethno-linguistic groups ** Turkic migration, the expansion of the Turkic tribes and Turkic languages, mainly between the 6th and 11th centuries ** Turkic mythology ** Turkic nationalism (other) ** Turkic tribal confederations See also * * Turk (other) * Turki (other) * Turkish (other) * Turkiye (other) * Turkey (other) Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgi ... {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1923
In Greece, this year contained only 352 days as 13 days was skipped to achieve the calendrical switch from Julian to Gregorian Calendar. It happened there that Wednesday, 15 February ''(Julian Calendar)'' was followed by Thursday, 1 March ''(Gregorian Calendar).'' Events January–February * January 9, January 5 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory). * January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium Occupation of the Ruhr, occupy the Ruhr area, to force Germany to make reparation payments. * January 17 (or 9) – First flight of the first rotorcraft, Juan de la Cierva's Cierva C.4 autogyro, in Spain. (It is first demonstrated to the military on January 31.) * February 5 – Australian cricketer Bill Ponsford makes 429 runs to break the world record for the highest first-class cricket score for the first time in his third match at this level, at Melbourne Cricket Ground, giving the Victor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Urals
Southern Ural (, ) encompasses the south, the widest part of the Ural Mountains, stretches from the river Ufa (near the village of Lower Ufaley) to the Ural River. From the west and east the Southern Ural is limited to the East European Plain, West Siberian Plain and the steppes near Aral Sea and Caspian Sea. Geography The relief of the Southern Urals is complex, with numerous valleys and parallel ridges directed south-west and meridionally. The range includes the Ilmensky Mountains separated from the main ridges by the Miass River. The maximum height is (Mount Yamantau) and the width reaches . Other notable peaks lie along the Iremel mountain ridge (Bolshoy Iremel and Maly Iremel), the Nurgush, highest point , and the Nakas (mountain), Nakas, highest point . The Southern Urals extend some up to the sharp westward bend of the Ural River and terminate in the wide Mugodzhar Hills. The foothills of the Southern Urals extend up to with an average width between and . The Southern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
