Upper Amazon Maipurean

	Upper Amazon Maipurean The Upper Amazon Maipurean languages, a.k.a. North Amazonian or Inland Northern Maipuran, are Arawakan languages of the northern Amazon in Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and Brazil. Upper Amazon Arawakan has been surveyed comprehensively by Henri Ramirez (2001), which includes a historical linguistics, historical reconstruction as well. Languages Kaufman (1994) Kaufman (1994) gives the following breakdown (Aikhenvald's names of branches in parentheses): Western Nawiki (Colombian) * Wainumá group ** Wainuma language, Wainumá Mariate language, Mariaté Anauya language, Anauyá * Piapoko group ** Achagua language, Achagua (Achawa) Piapoco language, Piapoco Amarizana language, Amarizana Caviyari language, Caviyari (Cabiyarí) ? * Warekena group ** Guarequena language, Guarequena (Warekena) Mandahuaca language, Mandahuaca (Mandawaka) * Río Negro group ** Jumana language, Jumana (Yumana) Pase language, Pasé Cawishana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Maipurean Languages Arawakan (''Arahuacan, Maipuran Arawakan, "mainstream" Arawakan, Arawakan proper''), also known as Maipurean (also ''Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúre''), is a language family that developed among ancient Indigenous peoples in South America. Branches migrated to Central America and the Greater Antilles and Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, including what is now the Bahamas. Almost all present-day South American countries are known to have been home to speakers of Arawakan languages, the exceptions being Ecuador, Uruguay, and Chile. Maipurean may be related to other language families in a hypothetical Macro-Arawakan stock. Name The name ''Maipure'' was given to the family by Filippo S. Gilii in 1782, after the Maipure language of Venezuela, which he used as a basis of his comparisons. It was renamed after the culturally more important Arawak language a century later. The term ''Arawak'' took over, until its use was extended by North American scholars to the broader ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Tariana Language Tariana (also Tariano) is an endangered Maipurean (also known as Arawak) language spoken along the Vaupés River in Amazonas, Brazil by approximately 100 people. Another approximately 1,500 people in the upper and middle Vaupés River area identify themselves as ethnic Tariana but do not speak the language fluently. The Indigenous people of the Vaupés region, including the Tariana and East Tucano peoples, are linguistically exogamous; they consider fellow speakers of their languages blood relatives. In this region, languages—like tribal identity—are passed down through patrilineal descent, and as such are kept strictly separate from one another, with minimal lexical borrowing occurring among them. The Indigenous people of this region traditionally spoke between three and ten other languages, including their mother's and father's tongues—which were usually different due to the widespread cultural practice of linguistic exogamy—and Spanish and/or Portuguese. Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Shiriana Language Shiriana (Xiriâna, Chiriana), or Bahuana (Bahwana), is an unclassified Upper Amazon Arawakan language once spoken by the Shiriana people of Roraima, Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population .... It had an active–stative syntax.Aikhenvald, "Arawak", in Dixon & Aikhenvald, eds., ''The Amazonian Languages'', 1999. Dialects Dialects listed by Mason (1950): Waharibo (Guaharibo) Shirianá *Waicá (Guaica, Vaica) Carimé (Karimé) References Arawakan languages Indigenous languages of Western Amazonia Languages of Brazil Extinct languages of South America {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Manao Language Manao is a long-extinct Arawakan language of Brazil. The Manaos gave their name to the present-day city of Manaus, the capital city of the state of Amazonas in Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population .... Vocabulary Some words in the Manao language include: References Languages of Brazil Arawakan languages Extinct languages of South America {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Maipure Language Maipure (Maypure, Mejepure) is an extinct language once spoken along the Ventuari, Sipapo, and Autana rivers of Amazonas and, as a lingua franca A lingua franca (; ; for plurals see ), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, link language or language of wider communication (LWC), is a Natural language, language systematically used to make co ..., in the Upper Orinoco region. It became extinct around the end of the eighteenth century. Zamponi provided a grammatical sketch of the language and furnished a classified word list, based on all of its extant eighteenth century material (mainly from the Italian missionary Filippo S. Gilij). It is historically important in that it formed the cornerstone of the recognition of the Maipurean (Arawakan) language family. Kaufman (1994) gives its closest relatives as Yavitero and other languages of the Orinoco branch of Upper Amazon Arawakan. Aikhenvald places it instead in the Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Abane Language Abane (Avane), one of several languages called Baniwa, also known as Baniva Yavitero, was an Arawakan language of Venezuela. It is believed to have become extinct by the late 20th century, and is only attested in a short word-list from the late 18th century. History It was primarily spoken in the Amazonas region of Venezuela and along the Colombian border, and had dialects called Quirruba and Baniva-Avani. The language likely began deteriorating with the arrival of the Jesuits in the late 18th century. The Avane language included a colloquial name to refer to the neighboring indigenous Maipure people, , which may be humorously alluding to the polysyllabic nature of many Maipure words and contains two sounds not usually found in Avane. The language also shares some words with others in the same family, including Maipure and Guipunave, but is clearly phonetically distinct. Phonology Avane is characterized phonetically in comparison to Maipure, showing some large difference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Yavitero Language Yavitero or Paraene is an extinct Maipurean language of Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com .... Phonology References External linksYavitero language dictionary online from IDS(select simple or advanced browsing) Indigenous languages of the South American Northern Foothills Arawakan languages {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Guinao Language Barawana (Baré) is an Arawakan language of Venezuela and Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ..., where it is nearly extinct. It was spoken by the Baré people. Aikhenvald (1999) reports "just a few old speakers left" of Baré proper, and that the Guinau variety was extinct. Kaufman (1994) considers Baré proper, Guinau, and Marawá (currently extinct) to be distinct languages; Aikhenvald, dialects of a single language. (Marawá is not the same language as Marawán.) ''Baré'' is a generic name for a number of Arawakan languages in the area, including Mandahuaca, Guarequena, Baniwa, and Piapoco. Barawana is the language given this name in Kaufman, Aikhenvald, and ''Ethnologue''. It is also known as Ibini (a typo for Ihini ~ Arihini?) and Mitua. Phonolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]