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Uniplacotomia
Uniplacotomia is a class of placozoans encompassing the vast majority of the phylum, with the exception of '' Polyplacotoma''. It was established in 2022. It comprises the orders Trichoplacea, Cladhexea and Hoilungea. Their morphology is consistent across the class, resembling the typical '' Trichoplax'' as mostly rounded, flat organisms rather than the polytomous, branching structure exhibited by Polyplacotomia Polyplacotomia is a class of placozoans, to this date only comprising ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea'' is a species in the phylum Placozoa, only representative of the genus ''Polyplacotoma'', and was discovered in t .... Despite a uniform exterior morphology, Uniplacotomia exhibits an important degree of diversity in molecular morphology, with at least two dozen species estimated to exist. References Animal classes Placozoa Parazoa {{animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyplacotomia
Polyplacotomia is a class of placozoans, to this date only comprising ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea'' is a species in the phylum Placozoa, only representative of the genus ''Polyplacotoma'', and was discovered in the Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surro ...''. It was established in 2022. Their morphology is strikingly different from other placozoans in Uniplacotomia, exhibiting a highly ramified, branching structure with multiple amoeboid projections. It differs from Uniplacotomia by 76 uniquely present and 600 absent genes. References Placozoa Animal classes {{Animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Placozoa
Placozoa ( ; ) is a phylum of free-living (non-parasitic) marine invertebrates. They are blob-like animals composed of aggregations of cells. Moving in water by ciliary motion, eating food by Phagocytosis, engulfment, reproducing by Fission (biology), fission or budding, placozoans are described as "the simplest animals on Earth." Structural and molecular analyses have supported them as among the most basal animals, thus, constituting a primitive metazoan phylum. The first known placozoan, ''Trichoplax adhaerens'', was discovered in 1883 by the German zoologist Franz Eilhard Schulze (1840–1921).F. E. Schulze "''Trichoplax adhaerens'' n. g., n. s.", ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'' (Elsevier, Amsterdam and Jena) 6 (1883), p. 92. Describing the uniqueness, another German, Karl Gottlieb Grell (1912–1994), erected a new phylum, Placozoa, for it in 1971. Remaining a monotypic phylum for over a century, new species began to be added since 2018. So far, three other extant species have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladtertiidae
''Cladtertia'' is a genus of placozoan discovered in 2022. The genus contains a single described species, ''Cladtertia collaboinventa'', although several other undescribed lineages are known. Its closest described relative is '' Hoilungia hongkongensis'', with whom it forms the order Hoilungea. ''Cladtertia'' is similar in morphology to most other placozoans, but genetically distinct from them. It has been found in warm tropical waters with low seasonal changes, ranging from 26°N to 25°S, where it occupies a distinct ecological niche compared to other placozoan lineages. Sexual reproduction through cross-fertilization has been observed in a strain of ''Cladtertia''. Etymology The genus name comes from Ancient Greek ''kládos'' (clade) and Latin ''tertius'' (the third), referring to its specimens previously being assigned to placozoan Clade III in literature. Biology ''Cladtertia'' is morphologically indistinguishable under light microscopy from other placozoans in the cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoplax Adhaerens
''Trichoplax adhaerens'' is one of the four named species in the phylum Placozoa. The others are ''Hoilungia hongkongensis'', ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea'' and ''Cladtertia collaboinventa''. Placozoa is a basal group of multicellular animals, possible relatives of Cnidaria. ''Trichoplax'' are very flat organisms commonly less than 4 mm in diameter, lacking any Organ (anatomy), organs or internal structures. They have two cellular layers: the top epitheloid layer is made of ciliated "cover cells" flattened toward the outside of the organism, and the bottom layer is made up of cylinder cells that possess Cilium, cilia used in locomotion, and gland cells that lack cilia. Between these layers is the fibre syncytium, a liquid-filled cavity strutted open by star-like fibres. ''Trichoplax'' feed by absorbing food particles—mainly microbes—with their underside. They generally Asexual reproduction, reproduce asexually, by Cell division, dividing or budding, but can also Sexual r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoplacea
''Trichoplax adhaerens'' is one of the four named species in the phylum Placozoa. The others are '' Hoilungia hongkongensis'', ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea'' and '' Cladtertia collaboinventa''. Placozoa is a basal group of multicellular animals, possible relatives of Cnidaria. ''Trichoplax'' are very flat organisms commonly less than 4 mm in diameter, lacking any organs or internal structures. They have two cellular layers: the top epitheloid layer is made of ciliated "cover cells" flattened toward the outside of the organism, and the bottom layer is made up of cylinder cells that possess cilia used in locomotion, and gland cells that lack cilia. Between these layers is the fibre syncytium, a liquid-filled cavity strutted open by star-like fibres. ''Trichoplax'' feed by absorbing food particles—mainly microbes—with their underside. They generally reproduce asexually, by dividing or budding, but can also reproduce sexually. Though ''Trichoplax'' has a small genome in co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoplax
''Trichoplax adhaerens'' is one of the four named species in the phylum Placozoa. The others are ''Hoilungia hongkongensis'', ''Polyplacotoma mediterranea'' and ''Cladtertia collaboinventa''. Placozoa is a basal group of multicellular animals, possible relatives of Cnidaria. ''Trichoplax'' are very flat organisms commonly less than 4 mm in diameter, lacking any organs or internal structures. They have two cellular layers: the top epitheloid layer is made of ciliated "cover cells" flattened toward the outside of the organism, and the bottom layer is made up of cylinder cells that possess cilia used in locomotion, and gland cells that lack cilia. Between these layers is the fibre syncytium, a liquid-filled cavity strutted open by star-like fibres. ''Trichoplax'' feed by absorbing food particles—mainly microbes—with their underside. They generally reproduce asexually, by dividing or budding, but can also reproduce sexually. Though ''Trichoplax'' has a small genome in comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladhexea
Cladhexea is a recently created placozoan order comprising yet-undescribed species. Named in 2022, it is believed to be sister to Hoilungea Hoilungea is a recently created placozoan order comprising ''Cladtertia ''Cladtertia'' is a genus of placozoan discovered in 2022. The genus contains a single described species, ''Cladtertia collaboinventa'', although several other undescribed ..., and corresponds to Clade VI of the literature. Etymology The name comes from Ancient Greek ''kládos'' (clade) and ''hexa'' (six), referring to its specimens previously being assigned to placozoan Clade VI in literature. References Placozoa Animal orders {{Animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoilungea
Hoilungea is a recently created placozoan order comprising ''Cladtertia ''Cladtertia'' is a genus of placozoan discovered in 2022. The genus contains a single described species, ''Cladtertia collaboinventa'', although several other undescribed lineages are known. Its closest described relative is ''Hoilungia hongkong ...'', '' Hoilungia'', and other yet-undescribed species. Named in 2022, it is believed to be sister to Cladhexea, and corresponds to Clades III, IV, V and VII of the literature. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q117527140 Placozoa Animal orders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoilungidae
Hoilungidae is a placozoan family comprising '' Hoilungia'' and other currently undescribed taxa. Named in 2022, it is believed to be sister to Cladtertiidae, and corresponds to Clades IV, V and VII. Previous studies established these clades on the basis of phylogenomic data. Genus ''Hoilungia'' encompasses members of Clade V, while Clades IV and VII have not been formally described as genera. The latter two are believed to encompass multiple species each, although the 2022 study establishing the structure of the family only mapped a single lineage of each. Previously, a wider definition of ''Hoilungia'' included all three clades, as well as clades III and VI. The latter two have since been assigned to Cladtertiidae and Cladhexea respectively. Phylogeny The following phylogeny follows Eitel et al., 2024, and is based on complete mitochondrial genome Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) is the DNA located in the mitochondria organelles in a eukaryotic cell that converts c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
