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Unenlagiinae
Unenlagiinae is a subfamily of long-snouted paravian theropods. They are traditionally considered to be members of Dromaeosauridae, though some authors place them into their own family, Unenlagiidae, sometimes alongside the subfamily Halszkaraptorinae. Definitive members are known from the Late Cretaceous of South America, though some researchers include taxa from other continents within this subfamily based on phylogenetic analyses. Two probable unenlagiine specimens (NMV P257601, NMV P180889) from the upper Strzelecki Group (Aptian) and Eumeralla Formation (lower Albian) of Australia might potentially extend their known fossil range to the Early Cretaceous, and '' Kakuru,'' which is considered a maniraptoran, and might be an unenlagiine as well. ''Imperobator'' from the Late Cretaceous of Antarctica, previously considered enigmatic, has also been recently interpreted as an unenlagiine. Description Most unenlagiines have been discovered in Argentina. The largest was '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austroraptor Restoration
''Austroraptor'' ( ) is a genus of dromaeosaurid Theropoda, theropod dinosaur that lived during the Campanian and Maastrichtian Geologic time scale, ages of the Late Cretaceous Period (geology), period in what is now Argentina. ''Austroraptor'' was a large, moderately-built, ground-dwelling, bipedal carnivore, measuring around long and weighing up to . It is one of the largest dromaeosaurids known, with only ''Achillobator'', ''Dakotaraptor'', and ''Utahraptor'' approaching or surpassing it in length. Discovery and naming The type specimen of ''Austroraptor cabazai'', holotype MML-195, was recovered in the Bajo de Santa Rosa locality of the Allen Formation, in Río Negro (Argentina), Río Negro, Argentina. The specimen was collected in 2002 by the team of Fernando Emilio Novas of the ''Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales''. It consists of a fragmentary skeleton including parts of the skull, lower jaw, a few neck and torso vertebrae, some ribs, a humerus, and assorted bones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austroraptor
''Austroraptor'' ( ) is a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived during the Campanian and Maastrichtian ages of the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Argentina. ''Austroraptor'' was a large, moderately-built, ground-dwelling, bipedal carnivore, measuring around long and weighing up to . It is one of the largest dromaeosaurids known, with only '' Achillobator'', '' Dakotaraptor'', and '' Utahraptor'' approaching or surpassing it in length. Discovery and naming The type specimen of ''Austroraptor cabazai'', holotype MML-195, was recovered in the Bajo de Santa Rosa locality of the Allen Formation, in Río Negro, Argentina. The specimen was collected in 2002 by the team of Fernando Emilio Novas of the '' Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales''. It consists of a fragmentary skeleton including parts of the skull, lower jaw, a few neck and torso vertebrae, some ribs, a humerus, and assorted bones from both legs. The specimen was prepared by Marcelo Pablo Isasi a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dromaeosauridae
Dromaeosauridae () is a family of feathered coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs. They were generally small to medium-sized feathered carnivores that flourished in the Cretaceous Period. The name Dromaeosauridae means 'running lizards', from Greek ('), meaning 'running at full speed', 'swift', and ('), meaning 'lizard'. In informal usage, they are often called raptors (after '' Velociraptor''), a term popularized by the film ''Jurassic Park''; several genera include the term "raptor" directly in their name, and popular culture has come to emphasize their bird-like appearance and speculated bird-like behavior. Dromaeosaurid fossils have been found across the globe in North America, Europe, Africa, Asia and South America, with some fossils giving credence to the possibility that they inhabited Australia as well. The earliest body fossils are known from the Early Cretaceous (145–140 million years ago), and they survived until the end of the Cretaceous (Maastrichtian stage, 66 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ypupiara
''Ypupiara'' (meaning "the one who lives in the water") is an extinct genus of unenlagiine theropod from the Late Cretaceous Serra da Galga Formation of Brazil. It was the first member of the Dromaeosauridae to be discovered in South America and the first member of the Unenlagiinae to be discovered, but not the first to be identified as such. The type and only species, ''Y. lopai'', is known solely from a specimen that was destroyed in a fire in 2018. Discovery and naming The holotype, DGM 921-R, a right maxilla and dentary (which was associated with a fish jaw), was discovered in a layer of the Late Cretaceous Serra da Galga Formation of Brazil. It was found by Alberto Lopa sometime in the 1950s, possibly in 1957, after which Llewellyn Ivor Price listed the fossil as belonging to an indeterminate vertebrate. The specimen was then placed in storage at the National Museum of Brazil and was not acknowledged again for another 80 years. Photographs of the holotype were taken shortl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unenlagiidae
Unenlagiidae is a proposed family of eumaniraptoran paravians that includes the subfamilies Unenlagiinae and possibly Halszkaraptorinae. Fossils of both subfamilies have been found in both Gondwanan and Laurasian deposits. The biology of the group suggests that some members were semiaquatic specialists. Classification The family Unenlagiidae traditionally includes the same members as the previously named subfamily of Dromaeosauridae, Unenlagiinae, so Unenlagiidae was often seen as a synonym of Dromaeosauridae. However, since the 2010s, there have been subsequent studies that have questioned this placement, necessitating the revival of the family name. Some have placed unenlagiids as outside Dromaeosauridae, being the sister taxon or closely related to Avialae, while others have placed the newly recognized halszkaraptorines in the family, as basal deinonychosaurs outside Dromaeosauridae and Troodontidae Troodontidae is a clade of bird-like theropod dinosaurs from the La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unenlagia
''Unenlagia'' (meaning "half-bird" in Latinized Mapudungun) is a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Late Cretaceous period. The genus ''Unenlagia'' has been assigned two species: ''U. comahuensis'', the type species described by Novas and Puerta in 1997, and ''U. paynemili'', described by Calvo ''et al.'' in 2004. Discovery and naming In 1996 in the Neuquén province of Argentina a skeleton of a theropod was discovered in the Sierra del Portezuelo and reported the same year. In 1997 Fernando Emilio Novas and Pablo Puerta named and described ''Unenlagia comahuensis''. The generic name is derived from Mapuche ''uñùm'', 'bird', and ''llag'', 'half', in reference to the fact that the describers considered the species to be a link between birds and more basal theropods. The specific name refers to the Comahue, the region the find was made. The holotype specimen, MCF PVPH 78, was uncovered in layers of the Portezuelo Formation dating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperobator
''Imperobator'' ("powerful warrior") is a genus of probable unenlagiid Paraves, paravian theropod dinosaurs, that lived during the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous in what is now James Ross Island in Antarctica. ''Imperobator'' is one of only two non-avian theropods known from Antarctica, crossing over to the landmass when it was part of Gondwana. The only described specimen was found in 2003 by an expedition launched by the University of California Museum of Paleontology and initially described as a Dromaeosauridae, dromaeosaur in 2007. The fossil was formally described as a new genus in 2019, and later searches reported more fossils from the site including teeth and skull bones. It was initially suggested that ''Imperobator'' may be one of the largest known paravians, comparable in size to gigantic dromaeosaurids such as ''Utahraptor'' and ''Austroraptor'', but subsequent anatomical revisions suggested a body length similar to that of ''Neuquenraptor'' and ''Deinonychus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unenlagia Comahuensis
''Unenlagia'' (meaning "half-bird" in Latinized Mapudungun) is a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Late Cretaceous period. The genus ''Unenlagia'' has been assigned two species: ''U. comahuensis'', the type species described by Novas and Puerta in 1997, and ''U. paynemili'', described by Calvo ''et al.'' in 2004. Discovery and naming In 1996 in the Neuquén province of Argentina a skeleton of a theropod was discovered in the Sierra del Portezuelo and reported the same year. In 1997 Fernando Emilio Novas and Pablo Puerta named and described ''Unenlagia comahuensis''. The generic name is derived from Mapuche ''uñùm'', 'bird', and ''llag'', 'half', in reference to the fact that the describers considered the species to be a link between birds and more basal theropods. The specific name refers to the Comahue, the region the find was made. The holotype specimen, MCF PVPH 78, was uncovered in layers of the Portezuelo Formation dating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyroraptor
''Pyroraptor'' (meaning "fire thief") is an extinct genus of paravian dinosaur, probably a dromaeosaurid or unenlagiid, from the Late Cretaceous Ibero-Armorican island, of what is now southern France. It lived during the late Campanian and early Maastrichtian stages, approximately 72 million years ago. It is known from a single partial specimen that was found in Provence in 1992, after a forest fire. The animal was named ''Pyroraptor olympius'' by Allain and Taquet in 2000. Discovery and naming Naming and Material The first remains of ''P. olympius'' were discovered in southeastern France, at the La Boucharde locality of the Arc Basin in Provence. It was described and named by French paleontologists Ronan Allain and Philippe Taquet in 2000, the type species and so far the only species is ''Pyroraptor olympius''. The generic name comes from ''πῦρ'' (''pûr'', Greek for "fire") and ''raptor'' (Latin for "thief"), since its remains were discovered after a forest f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rahonavis
''Rahonavis'' is a genus of bird-like theropod from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian, from about 72.1 to 66 mya) of what is now northwestern Madagascar. It is known from a partial skeleton ( UA 8656) found by Catherine Forster and colleagues in Maevarano Formation rocks at a quarry near Berivotra, Mahajanga Province.Tudge, Colin (2009) ''The Bird:A Natural History of Who Birds Are, Where They Came From, and How They Live'/ref> ''Rahonavis'' was a small predator, at about long and 0.45-2.27 kg (1-5 lbs),Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2008) ''Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages'Supplementary Information/ref> with the typical Dromaeosauridae, dromaesaurid-like raised sickle claw on the second toe. It was originally the first African coelurosaur until the discovery of ''Nqwebasaurus'' in 2000. The name ''Rahonavis'' means, approximately, "cloud menace bird", from Malagasy ' (RA-hoo-na, "cloud" or "menace") + Latin ' "bird". The specifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balaur Bondoc
''Balaur bondoc'' is a species of paravian theropod dinosaur from the late Cretaceous period, in what is now Romania. It is the type species of the monotypic genus ''Balaur'', after the '' balaur'' (), a dragon of Romanian folklore. The specific name ''bondoc'' () means "stocky", so ''Balaur bondoc'' means "stocky dragon" in Romanian. This name refers to the greater musculature that ''Balaur'' had compared to its relatives. The genus, which was first described by scientists in August 2010, is known from two partial skeletons (including the type specimen). Some researchers suggest that the taxon might represent a junior synonym of '' Elopteryx''. Fossils of ''Balaur'' were found in the Densuș-Ciula and Sebeș Formations of Cretaceous Romania which correspond to Hațeg Island, a subtropical island in the European archipelago of the Tethys sea approximately 70 million years ago. Hațeg Island is commonly referred to as the "Island of the Dwarf Dinosaurs" on account of the extens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buitreraptor
''Buitreraptor'' (meaning "La Buitrera seizer") is a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaurs that lived during the Late Cretaceous of Argentina at the Candeleros Formation. ''Buitreraptor'' was described in 2005 and the type species is ''Buitreraptor gonzalezorum''. It was rooster-sized and had a very elongated head with many small teeth. History of discovery Four specimens of ''Buitreraptor'' were found in 2004 in sandstone in Patagonia, Argentina during an excavation led by Sebastián Apesteguia, researcher of CONICET at the Fundacion Felix de Azara - Maimonides University, and Peter Makovicky, curator of dinosaurs at the Field Museum in Chicago. ''Buitreraptor'' is from the early Late Cretaceous Candeleros Formation, dating to the Cenomanian-Turonian ages approximately 98 to 97 million years ago, when South America was an isolated continent like Australia today. It was uncovered in a famous fossil site named ''La Buitrera'', the "vulture roost". Although dinosaurs are rare in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
