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Ultra HD Blu-ray
Ultra HD Blu-ray (4K Ultra HD, UHD-BD, or 4K Blu-ray) is a digital optical disc data storage format that is an enhanced variant of Blu-ray. Ultra HD Blu-ray supports 4K UHD (3840 × 2160 pixel resolution) video at frame rates up to 60 progressive frames per second, encoded using High-Efficiency Video Coding. These discs are incompatible with existing standard Blu-ray players. The first Ultra HD Blu-ray Discs were officially released in the United States on February 14, 2016. To differentiate retail Ultra HD Blu-ray releases, the format usually uses a black opaque or largely transparent keep case packaging format (as opposed to blue), but with the same case size as standard Blu-ray. The format is supported on Microsoft's Xbox One X, One S, Series X, and Sony's PlayStation 5. Software made for the PlayStation 5 can use 100 GB UHD Blu-ray discs. History On May 12, 2015, the Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA) revealed completed specifications and the official Ultra HD Blu-ray ...
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High-density Storage Media
Disk density is a capacity designation on magnetic storage, usually floppy disks. Each designation describes a set of characteristics that can affect the areal density of a disk or the efficiency of the encoded data. Such characteristics include modulation method, track width, coercivity, and magnetic field direction. 8-inch media ''Single density'' (SD or 1D) describes the first generation of floppy disks that use an iron oxide coating. Floppy drives utilize 300-oersted write heads, FM encoding, and a track width of for a density of 48 tracks-per-inch (tpi) and 5,876 bits-per-inch (bpi). ''Double density'' (DD or 2D) doubles capacity over SD by replacing FM encoding with an improved line code, such as modified frequency modulation (MFM), modified modified frequency modulation (M²FM), FM/MFM or group coded recording (GCR). 5¼-inch media ''SD'' (''1D'') and ''DD'' (''2D'') designations were generally identical to those of 8-inch disks. ''Quad density'' (QD or 4D) dou ...
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Vox Media
Vox Media, Inc. is an American mass media company founded in Washington, D.C. with operational headquarters in Lower Manhattan, New York City. The company was established in November 2011 by CEO Jim Bankoff and Trei Brundrett to encompass ''SB Nation'' (a sports blog network founded in 2003 by Tyler Bleszinski, Markos Moulitsas, and Jerome Armstrong) and '' The Verge'' (a technology news website launched alongside Vox Media). Bankoff had been the CEO for ''SB Nation'' since 2009. Vox Media owns numerous editorial brands, most prominently '' New York'', '' The Verge'', '' Vox'', ''SB Nation'', and '' Eater''. ''New York'' further incorporates the websites ''Intelligencer'', '' The Cut'', ''Vulture'', ''The Strategist'', '' Curbed'', and ''Grub Street''. '' Recode'' was integrated into ''Vox'', while ''Racked'' was shut down. Vox Media's brands are built on Concert, a marketplace for advertising, and WordPress. The company's lines of business include Concert, Vox Creative, ...
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Color Depth
Color depth, also known as bit depth, is either the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel, or the number of bits used for each color component of a single pixel. When referring to a pixel, the concept can be defined as bits per pixel (bpp). When referring to a color component, the concept can be defined as bits per component, bits per channel, bits per color (all three abbreviated bpc), and also bits per pixel component, bits per color channel or bits per sample. Modern standards tend to use bits per component, but historical lower-depth systems used bits per pixel more often. Color depth is only one aspect of color representation, expressing the precision with which the amount of each primary can be expressed; the other aspect is how broad a range of colors can be expressed (the gamut). The definition of both color precision and gamut is accomplished with a color encoding specification which assigns a digital code value to a location in a color space. The ...
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High Dynamic Range
High dynamic range (HDR), also known as wide dynamic range, extended dynamic range, or expanded dynamic range, is a signal with a higher dynamic range than usual. The term is often used in discussing the dynamic ranges of images, videos, audio or radio. It may also apply to the means of recording, processing, and reproducing such signals including analog and digitized signals. Imaging In this context, the term ''high dynamic range'' means there is a large amount of variation in light levels within a scene or an image. The '' dynamic range'' refers to the range of luminosity between the brightest area and the darkest area of that scene or image. (HDRI) refers to the set of imaging technologies and techniques that allow the dynamic range of images or videos to be increased. It covers the acquisition, creation, storage, distribution and display of images and videos. Modern films have often been shot with cameras featuring a higher dynamic range, and legacy films can be post-c ...
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HDR10+
HDR10+ is a High-dynamic-range video, high dynamic range (HDR) video technology that adds HDR dynamic metadata, dynamic metadata to HDR10 source files. The dynamic metadata are used to adjust and optimize each frame of the HDR video to the consumer display's capabilities in a way based on the content creator's intentions. HDR10+ is an alternative to Dolby Vision, which also uses dynamic metadata. HDR10+ is the default variant of dynamic metadata as part of the HDMI#Version 2.1, HDMI 2.1 standard. HDR10+ Adaptive is an update designed to optimize HDR10+ content according to the Available light, ambient light. HDR10+ Gaming is an HDR standard optimized for gaming, providing accurate HDR gaming images with low latency, variable refresh rate (VRR) and high frame rate. Description HDR10+, also known as HDR10 Plus, was announced on 20 April 2017, by Samsung and Amazon Video. HDR10+ updates HDR10 by adding dynamic metadata that can be used to more accurately adjust brightness levels up ...
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8K Resolution
8K resolution refers to an image or display resolution with a width of approximately 8,000 pixels. 8K UHD () is the highest resolution defined in the Rec. 2020 ( UHDTV) standard. 8K display resolution is the successor to 4K resolution. TV manufacturers pushed to make 4K a new standard by 2017. At CES 2012, the first prototype 8K TVs were unveiled by Japanese electronics corporation Sharp. The feasibility of a fast transition to this new standard is questionable in view of the absence of broadcasting resources. In 2018, Strategy Analytics predicted that 8K-ready devices will still only account for 3% of UHD TVs by 2023 with global sales of 11 million units a year. However, TV manufacturers remain optimistic as the 4K market grew much faster than expected, with actual sales exceeding projections nearly six-fold in 2016. In 2013, a transmission network's capability to carry HDTV resolution was limited by internet speeds and relied on satellite broadcast to transmit the high ...
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Dolby Vision
Dolby Vision is a set of technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories for high dynamic range (HDR) video. It covers content creation, distribution, and playback. It includes dynamic metadata that define the aspect ratio and adjust the picture based on a display's capabilities on a per-shot or even per-frame basis, optimizing the presentation. Dolby Vision was introduced in 2014, making it the first available HDR format. HDR10+ is a competitor HDR format that also uses dynamic metadata. Dolby Vision IQ is an update designed to optimize Dolby Vision content according to the ambient light. Dolby Cinema also uses Dolby Vision in conjunction with Dolby Atmos sound systems, though because of the use of 2.6 gamma and thus 48 nits in SDR cinemas, the 108 nits used in Dolby Cinema is already HDR. Description Dolby Vision allows for a maximum resolution of 8K, up to 12-bit color depth, and maximum peak brightness of 10,000 nits. However, according to the Dolby Vision white pap ...
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HDR10
HDR10 Media Profile, more commonly known as 'HDR10'', is an open high-dynamic-range video (HDR) standard announced on 27 August 2015, by the Consumer Electronics Association. It is the most widespread HDR format. HDR10 is not Backward compatibility, backward compatible with Standard-dynamic-range video, SDR. It includes HDR static metadata but not HDR dynamic metadata, dynamic metadata. PQ10 refers to an HDR10 format which does not include any metadata. Technical details HDR10 is defined as: * EOTF: SMPTE ST 2084 (Perceptual quantization, PQ) * Bit depth: 10 bit * Color primaries: Rec. 2020, ITU-R BT.2020 (identical to Rec. 2100, BT.2100 primaries) * Static metadata: SMPTE ST 2086 (mastering display color volume), MaxFALL (maximum frame-average light level), and MaxCLL (maximum content light level) * Color sub-sampling: 4:2:0 (for compressed video sources) PQ10 refers to an HDR format that uses PQ, 10-bit and Rec. 2100 color primaries without having any metadata. HDR10 is t ...
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Future Publishing
Future plc is a British publishing company. It was started in 1985 by Chris Anderson. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. History 1985–2012 The company was founded by Chris Anderson as Future Publishing in Somerton, Somerset, England, with the sole magazine '' Amstrad Action'' in 1985. An early innovation was the inclusion of free software on magazine covers. It acquired GP Publications and established what would become Future US in 1994. Anderson sold the company to Pearson plc for £52.7m in 1994, but bought it back in 1998, for £142 million. The company was floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1999. Anderson left the company in 2001. In 2004, the company was accused of corruption when it published positive reviews for the video game '' Driver 3'' in two of its owned magazines, '' Xbox World'' and '' PSM2''. 2012–2015 Future published the official magazines for the consoles of all three major games cons ...
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TechRadar
''TechRadar'' is an online technology publication owned by Future plc. It has editorial teams in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia that provide news and reviews of tech products and gadgets. It was launched in 2008 and expanded to the US in January 2012. It further expanded to Australia in October 2012. It was the largest consumer technology, news and review site from the UK as of 2013. ''TechRadar'' also has licensed versions in Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands and Belgium. The Indian and Middle East versions of the site closed in October 2022. It also has two spin-off sites, TechRadar Pro and TechRadar Gaming. ''TechRadar'' is owned by Future plc, the sixth-largest publisher in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. I ...
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Wired (magazine)
''Wired'' is a bi-monthly American magazine that focuses on how emerging technologies affect culture, the economy, and politics. It is published in both print and Online magazine, online editions by Condé Nast. The magazine has been in publication since its launch in January 1993. Its editorial office is based in San Francisco, California, with its business headquarters located in New York City. ''Wired'' quickly became recognized as the voice of the emerging digital economy and culture and a pace setter in print design and web design. From 1998 until 2006, the magazine and its website, ''Wired.com'', experienced separate ownership before being fully consolidated under Condé Nast in 2006. It has won multiple National Magazine Awards and has been credited with shaping discourse around the digital revolution. The magazine also coined the term Crowdsourcing, ''crowdsourcing'', as well as its annual tradition of handing out Vaporware Awards. ''Wired'' has launched several in ...
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