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U.S. Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the Merchant Marine Act of 1916 (Alexander Act), 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934. Initiation The United States had a maritime position that had been eroding for decades with some US Congress, congressional concern. Some remedies actually worsened the situation since Europe, European shipping companies dominated overseas trade, and just over 10% of the value of trade carried in American-owned ships. The 1916 Act was the result of congressional efforts to create a board to address the problem dating from 1914. The legislation was not then a part of any war effort with specific intent, as stated in the act: :An Act to establish a United States Shipping Board for the purpose of encouraging, developing, and creating a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Washington Goethals
George Washington Goethals ( June 29, 1858 – January 21, 1928) was an American military officer and civil engineer, best known for his administration and supervision of the construction and the opening of the Panama Canal. He was the first Governor of Panama Canal Zone from 1914 to 1917, and was also the State Engineer of New Jersey and the Quartermaster General of the United States Army, Acting Quartermaster General of the United States Army. Early life and education Goethals was born in Brooklyn, New York, to Flemish people, Flemish immigrants from Stekene, Belgium, Johannes Baptista (John Louis) Goethals, a carpenter, and wife Marie Le Barron. Aged 14, he entered the City College of New York, College of the City of New York. In April 1876, after three years of college, he won an appointment to the United States Military Academy (USMA) at West Point, New York and entered there in June. He graduated second in his class of 52 in June 1880, and was commissioned as a second lieu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Powhatan (ID-3013)
USS ''Powhatan'' (ID–3013) was a transport ship for the United States Navy during World War I. She was originally ''Hamburg'', a built in 1899 by AG Vulkan of Stettin, Germany, for the Hamburg America Line. At the outset of World War I the ship was interned by the United States. She was soon chartered by the American Red Cross to take medical personnel and supplies to Europe. Renamed ''Red Cross'', she left New York in mid-September, 1914. When the US entered World War I in April 1917, she was seized and converted to a troop transport. Originally commissioned as USS ''Hamburg'' (ID-3013), the ship was renamed ''Powhatan'' on 5 September 1917. During World War I, she carried 15,274 troops to France and after the war she returned 11,803 servicemen to the United States. After decommissioning by the US Navy, the ship was turned over to the United States Shipping Board, and chartered for mercantile service until broken up in 1928. History ''Hamburg'' ''Hamburg'' was origina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Pocahontas (ID-3044)
USS ''Pocahontas'' (SP-3044) was a transport ship for the United States Navy during World War I. She was originally SS ''Prinzess Irene'', a built in 1899 by AG Vulcan Stettin of Stettin, Germany, for the North German Lloyd line. At the beginning of World War I the ship was in New York and was interned by the United States. She was seized when that country entered the conflict in 1917 and converted to a troop transport. As USS ''Pocahontas'', she carried 24,573 servicemen to Europe, and after the war returned 23,296 servicemen to the United States. Decommissioned by the U.S. Navy, the United States Shipping Board sold her back to the North German Lloyd line, where she saw mercantile service until being scrapped in 1932. SS ''Prinzess Irene'' She was launched as ''Prinzess Irene'' on 19 June 1900 by Aktiengesellschaft Vulkan, Stettin, Germany for North German Lloyd Lines. On 9 September 1900, she started her maiden voyage to New York City. On 30 October 1900, she began the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Mercury (ID-3012)
USS ''Mercury'' (ID-3012) was a United States Navy transport ship during World War I. She was formerly the Norddeutscher Lloyd liner SS ''Barbarossa'' built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, Germany, in 1897, and operated by the North German Lloyd Line. At the outset of World War I the ship was interned by the United States and, when that country entered the conflict in 1917, was seized and converted to a troop transport. After decommissioning by the U.S. Navy, the ship was turned over to the Army Transport Service and then to the U.S. Shipping Board. She was sold for scrapping in February 1924. History SS ''Barbarossa'' SS ''Barbarossa'' was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, Germany, in 1896, for the North German Lloyd Line. She operated on both North Atlantic crossings and the Bremerhaven-Australia route. With the outbreak of World War I, she took refuge in Hoboken, New Jersey, and was interned by the United States. She was seized when the United States entered the war 6 April 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Aeolus (ID-3005)
USS ''Aeolus'' (ID-3005), sometimes also spelled ''Æolus'', was a United States Navy troopship in World War I. She was formerly the North German Lloyd Ocean liner, liner ''Grosser Kurfürst'', also spelled ''Großer Kurfürst'', launched in 1899 that sailed regularly between Bremen and New York. At the outset of World War I the ship was interned by the United States and, when the US entered the war in 1917, was seized and converted to a troop transport. Originally commissioned as USS ''Grosser Kurfürst'', the ship was renamed ''Aeolus'' — after the god of wind in Ancient Greece, Greek Greek mythology, mythology — while undergoing repairs and conversion at a US Navy yard. The ship carried almost 25,000 men to France during the hostilities, and returned over 27,000 healthy and wounded men after the Armistice with Germany (Compiègne), Armistice. After decommissioning by the US Navy, the ship was turned over to the United States Shipping Board and underwent a $3,000,000 refit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Pensacola (AK-7)
USS ''Pensacola'' (AK-7/AG-13) was a cargo ship in the United States Navy. ''Pensacola'' was originally the German screw steamer ''Nicaria'', launched in Rostock, Germany on 18 August 1901. She was seized by the U.S. government at Southport, North Carolina, on 8 May 1917. She was transferred to the United States Navy on 9 June 1917, and commissioned on 8 October 1917. Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transport Service in January 1918, ''Pensacola'' carried supplies from the United States to French and British ports. Returning from Brest to Philadelphia on 2 December 1918, she steamed to New York and sailed for Turkey on 25 January 1919 with a cargo for the Syrian-Armenian Relief, arriving at Constantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ... on 12 March. Followi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Astoria (AK-8)
The USS ''Astoria'' (SP-2005/AK-8) was a steel-hulled, coal-burning steam cargo ship of the United States Navy. Service history In commercial service, 1902–1917 The ship was constructed in 1902 by J. Blumer & Co., Sunderland, England, as SS ''Burbo Bank'' for the Fenwick Shipping Co., Ltd., was acquired by Leonhardt & Blumberg of Hamburg, Germany shortly before the beginning of World War I, and was renamed SS ''Frieda Leonhardt''. After the outbreak of hostilities, she took refuge in Jacksonville, Florida, and remained there until the United States entered the war against Germany in the spring of 1917. Seized by the United States, 1917 She was then seized by United States Customs officials and was turned over to the United States Shipping Board (USSB). Transferred to the Navy by an executive order dated 22 May 1917, the freighter was moved to Charleston, South Carolina, to be prepared in the navy yard there for naval service. Renamed ''Astoria'' (SP-2005), she completed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Entry Into World War I
The United States entered into World War I on 6 April 1917, more than two and a half years after the war began in Europe. Apart from an Anglophile element urging early support for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, British and an anti-Tsarist element sympathizing with German Empire, Germany's war against Russian Empire, Russia, American public opinion had generally reflected a desire to stay out of the war. Over time, especially after reports of The Rape of Belgium, German atrocities in Belgium in 1914 and after the Sinking of the RMS Lusitania, sinking attack by the Imperial German Navy submarine (U-boat) torpedoing of the trans-Atlantic ocean liner off the southern coast of Ireland in May 1915, Americans increasingly came to see Imperial Germany as the aggressor in Europe. While the country was at peace, American banks made huge loans to the Allies of World War I, Entente powers (Allies), which were used mainly to buy munitions, raw materials, and food from acros ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Washington L
Washington most commonly refers to: * George Washington (1732–1799), the first president of the United States * Washington (state), a state in the Pacific Northwest of the United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered on Washington, D.C. Washington may also refer to: Places England * Washington Old Hall, ancestral home of the family of George Washington * Washington, Tyne and Wear, a town in the City of Sunderland metropolitan borough * Washington, West Sussex, a village and civil parish Greenland * Cape Washington, Greenland * Washington Land Philippines *New Washington, Aklan, a municipality *Washington, a barangay in Catarman, Northern Samar *Washington, a barangay in Escalante, Negros Occidental *Washington, a barangay in San Jacinto, Masbate *Washington, a barangay in Surigao City United States * Fort Washington (disambiguat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
