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Type C1 Ship
Type C1 was a designation for cargo ships built for the United States Maritime Commission before and during World War II. Total production was 493 ships built from 1940 to 1945. The first C1 types were the smallest of the three original Maritime Commission designs, meant for shorter routes where high speed and capacity were less important. Only a handful were delivered prior to Pearl Harbor. But many C1-A and C1-B ships were already in the works and were delivered during 1942. Many were converted to military purposes including troop transports during the war. The Type C1-M ship was a separate design, for a significantly smaller and shallower draft vessel. This design evolved as an answer to the projected needs for military transport and supply of the Pacific Ocean theater of World War II. Type C1 ships under the control of the British Ministry of War Transport took an Empire name even if built with another name e.g. ''Cape Turner''. Origins The United States Maritime Comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Design 1013 Ship
The Design 1013 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1013), also known as the Robert Dollar type, was a steel-hull (watercraft), hulled cargo ship design approved for mass production by the United States Shipping Boards Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I. Like many of the early designs approved by the EFT, the Design 1013 did not originate with the EFT itself but was based on an existing cargo ship design, in this case one developed by the Skinner & Eddy Corporation of Seattle, Washington. Some of the vessels were oil-fired and others coal-fired. They were produced by a variety of shipyards on the west coast of the United States, west coast of the United States. Most of them were given names starting with the word ''West'' (or in some cases, ''Western''), indicating their west coast origins.McKellar. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Archer (D78)
HMS ''Archer'' was a built by the United States in 1939–1940 and operated by the Royal Navy during World War II. She was built as the cargo ship ''Mormacland'', but was converted to an escort carrier and renamed HMS ''Archer''. Her transmission was a constant cause of problems which led to her being withdrawn from front-line service. She was used as a stores ship and then as an accommodation ship before a refit and subsequent use as a merchant aircraft ferry ship, ''Empire Lagan''. She was returned to the US Navy, then laid up as ''Archer'' before being sold into merchant service and converted to a passenger ship, ''Anna Salén''. She was used to take emigrants to Australia and Canada in the early 1950s. She was sold and renamed ''Tasmania'' and after further service as an emigrant ship was converted back to a cargo ship. She was later sold and renamed ''Union Reliance''. She was scrapped after a collision and fire in 1961. Description and construction ''Mormacland'' was la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnetic Coupling
A magnetic coupling is a component which transfers torque from one shaft to another using a magnetic field, rather than a physical mechanical connection. They are also known as magnetic drive couplings, magnetic shaft couplings, or magnetic disc couplings. Magnetic couplings allow a physical separation between input and output shafts, precluding the use of shaft seals, which eventually wear out and fail from the sliding of two surfaces against each another. Magnetic couplings are also used for ease of maintenance on systems that require precise alignment, since they allow a greater off-axis error between the motor and driven shaft than physical couplings. Magnetic couplings are most often used for liquid pumps, propeller systems, mine motors, conveyor belt motors and kiln elevators. Applications Some diver propulsion vehicles and remotely operated underwater vehicles use magnetic couplings to transfer torque from the electric motor to the prop. Magnetic gearing is also being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compound Turbine
In steam turbine design, compounding is a method of extracting steam energy in multiple stages rather than a single one. Each stage of a compounded steam turbine has its own set of nozzles and Turbines, rotors. These are arranged in series, either keyed to the common shaft or fixed to the casing. The arrangement allows either the steam pressure or the jet velocity to be absorbed incrementally. Purpose Compounded steam turbines are used to reduce rotor speeds to achieve optimal operating revolutions per minute. The steam produced in the boiler has sufficiently high enthalpy when superheated. In all turbines the blade velocity is directly proportional to the velocity of the steam passing over the blade. Now, if the entire energy of the steam is extracted in one stage, i.e. if the steam is expanded from the boiler pressure to the condenser pressure in a single stage, then its velocity will be very high. Hence the velocity of the rotor (to which the blades are keyed) can reach to abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scantling
Scantling is a measurement of prescribed size, dimensions, or cross sectional areas. When used in regard to timber, the scantling is (also "the scantlings are") the thickness and breadth, the sectional dimensions; in the case of stone it refers to the dimensions of thickness, breadth and length. The word is a variation of '' scantillon'', a carpenter's or stonemason's measuring tool, also used of the measurements taken by it, and of a piece of timber of small size cut as a sample. Sometimes synonymous with story pole. The Old French ''escantillon'', mod. ', is usually taken to be related to Italian language">Italian ''scandaglio'', sounding-line (Latin ''scandere'', to climb; cf. ''scansio'', the metrical scansion). It was probably influenced by cantel, cantle, a small piece, a corner piece. Shipbuilding In shipbuilding, the scantling refers to the collective dimensions of the framing (apart from the keel) to which planks or plates are attached to form the hull. The word is mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frigate
A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and maneuverability, intended to be used in scouting, escort and patrol roles. The term was applied loosely to ships varying greatly in design. In the second quarter of the 18th century, what is now generally regarded as the 'true frigate' was developed in France. This type of vessel was characterised by possessing only one armed deck, with an unarmed deck below it used for berthing the crew. Late in the 19th century (British and French prototypes were constructed in 1858), a type of powerful ironclad warships was developed, and because they had a single gun deck, the term 'frigate' was used to describe them. Later developments in ironclad ships rendered the 'frigate' designation obsolete and the term fell out of favour. During the Second World War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landing Ship Tank
A Landing Ship, Tank (LST) is a ship first developed during World War II (1939–1945) to support amphibious operations by carrying tanks, vehicles, cargo, and landing troops directly onto a low-slope beach with no docks or piers. The shallow draft and bow doors and ramps enabled amphibious assaults on almost any beach. The LST had a highly specialized design that enabled ocean crossings as well as shore groundings. The bow had a large door that could open, deploy a ramp and unload vehicles. The LST had a flat keel that allowed the ship to be beached and stay upright. The twin propellers and rudders had protection from grounding. The LSTs served across the globe during World War II, including in the Pacific War and in the European theater. The first tank landing ships were built to British requirements by converting existing ships; the UK and the US then collaborated upon a joint design. The British ships were used in late 1942 during the Allied invasion of Algeria. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
T2 Tanker
The T2 tanker, or T2, was a class of oil tanker constructed and produced in large numbers in the United States during World War II. Only the T3 tankers were larger "navy oilers" of the period. Some 533 T2s were built between 1940 and the end of 1945. They were used to transport fuel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline and sometimes Petroleum, black oil-crude oil. After the war, many T2s remained in use, and as with other hastily-built World War II ships later converted to peacetime uses, there were safety concerns. The United States Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigation in 1952 found that in cold weather the ships were prone to metal fatigue (material), fatigue cracking; in response to this finding, surviving ships were "belted" with steel straps. This occurred after two T2s, and , split in two off Cape Cod within hours of each other. ''Pendleton''s sinking is memorialized in the 2016 film ''The Finest Hours (2016 film), The Finest Hours''. Engineering inquiries into the problem sugge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type C4-class Ship
The Type C4-class ship were the largest cargo ships built by the United States Maritime Commission (MARCOM) during World War II. The design was originally developed for the American-Hawaiian Lines in 1941, but in late 1941 the plans were taken over by the MARCOM. Eighty-one ships were built as cargo or troopships in four shipyards: Kaiser Richmond, California (35 ships), Kaiser Vancouver, Washington (20 ships), Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock in Chester, Pennsylvania (20 ships) and Bethlehem Steel Sparrows Point, Maryland (6 ships). All ships were capable of , driven by a single screw steam turbine generating . Among the variations of the design were the . They were followed post-war by thirty-seven of the larger C4-S-1 class, also known as the ''Mariner'' class. List of Type C4 ships USS ''General G.O. Squier'', a C4-S-A1 General series C4-S-A1 DWT: 14,863. Built by Kaiser Shipyards at Permanente No. 3 in Richmond, California, for the US Army Transportation Corps then tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type C3 Ships
Type C3-class ships were the third type of cargo ship designed by the United States Maritime Commission (MARCOM) in the late 1930s. As it had done with the Type C1 ships and Type C2 ships, MARCOM circulated preliminary plans for comment. The design presented was not specific to any service or trade route, but was a general purpose ship that could be modified for specific uses. A total of 162 C3 ships were built from 1939 to 1946. The C3 was larger and faster than the C1 and C2 contemporaries, measuring from stem to stern (vs. for the C2), and designed to make (vs. for the C2). Like the C2, it had five cargo holds. A total of 465 of these ships were built between 1940 and 1947. A total of 75 ships were built with C3 hulls and engines, but not built as cargo ships. During World War II, many C3 ships were converted to naval uses, particularly as s, and as and s, ''Klondike''-class destroyer tenders, submarine tenders, and seaplane tenders. Ships in type *C3 DWT 12,595 ** ''El ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type C2 Ship
Type C2 ships were designed by the United States Maritime Commission (MARCOM) in 1937–38. They were all-purpose cargo ships with five holds, and U.S. shipyards built 328 of them from 1939 to 1945. Compared to ships built before 1939, the C2s were remarkable for their speed and fuel economy. Their design speed was , but some could make on occasion. The first C2s were long, broad, and deep, with a Draft (hull), draft. Later ships varied somewhat in size. Some, intended for specific trade routes, were built with significant modifications in length and capacity. In 1937, MARCOM distributed tentative designs for criticism by shipbuilders, ship owners, and naval architects. The final designs incorporated many changes suggested by these constituencies. The ships were to be reasonably fast but economical cargo ships which, with some government subsidies to operators, could compete with vessels of other nations. Building costs were to be minimized by standardization of design and eq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
