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Tylopilus Himalayanus
''Tylopilus'' is a genus of over 100 species of mycorrhizal bolete fungi separated from ''Boletus''. Its best known member is the bitter bolete (''Tylopilus felleus''), the only species found in Europe. More species are found in North America, such as the edible species '' T. alboater''. Australia is another continent where many species are found. All members of the genus form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. Members of the genus are distinguished by their pinkish pore surfaces. Taxonomy The genus was first defined by Petter Adolf Karsten in 1881. The type species, ''Tylopilus felleus'', was originally described in 1788 as a species of ''Boletus'' by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard. ''Tylopilus'' means "bumpy or swollen pileus", from the Greek ''tylos'' "bump" and ''pilos'' "hat". Molecular analysis indicates the genus, like other large genera within the Boletales, is polyphyletic. A lineage of ''Tylopilus chromapes'' (now ''Harrya chromapes'' and related species) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tylopilus Felleus
''Tylopilus felleus'', commonly known as the bitter bolete or the bitter tylopilus, is a fungus of the Boletaceae, bolete family. French mycologist Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard, Pierre Bulliard described this species as ''Boletus felleus'' in 1788 before it was transferred into the new genus ''Tylopilus''. It is the type species of ''Tylopilus'' and the only member of the genus found in Europe. The basidiocarp, fruit bodies have convex to flat pileus (mycology), caps that are some shade of brown, buff (colour), buff or tan (color), tan and typically measure up to in diameter. The pore surface is initially white before turning pinkish with age. Like most boletes it lacks a annulus (mycology), ring and it may be distinguished from ''Boletus edulis'' and other similar species by its unusual pink pores and the prominent dark-brown net-like pattern on its stipe (mycology), stalk. Its distribution includes east Asia, Europe and eastern North America, extending south in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek Dark Ages, Dark Ages (), the Archaic Greece, Archaic or Homeric Greek, Homeric period (), and the Classical Greece, Classical period (). Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of fifth-century Athens, fifth-century Athenian historians, playwrights, and Ancient Greek philosophy, philosophers. It has contributed many words to English vocabulary and has been a standard subject of study in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance. This article primarily contains information about the Homeric Greek, Epic and Classical periods of the language, which are the best-attested periods and considered most typical of Ancient Greek. From the Hellenistic period (), Ancient Greek was followed by Koine Greek, which is regar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tylopilus Atronicotianus 16698
''Tylopilus'' is a genus of over 100 species of mycorrhizal bolete fungi separated from '' Boletus''. Its best known member is the bitter bolete (''Tylopilus felleus''), the only species found in Europe. More species are found in North America, such as the edible species '' T. alboater''. Australia is another continent where many species are found. All members of the genus form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. Members of the genus are distinguished by their pinkish pore surfaces. Taxonomy The genus was first defined by Petter Adolf Karsten in 1881. The type species, ''Tylopilus felleus'', was originally described in 1788 as a species of ''Boletus'' by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard. ''Tylopilus'' means "bumpy or swollen pileus", from the Greek ''tylos'' "bump" and ''pilos'' "hat". Molecular analysis indicates the genus, like other large genera within the Boletales, is polyphyletic. A lineage of ''Tylopilus chromapes'' (now '' Harrya chromapes'' and related specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycorrhiza
A mycorrhiza (; , mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry. In a mycorrhizal association, the fungus colonizes the host plant's root tissues, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, or extracellularly as in ectomycorrhizal fungi. The association is normally mutualistic. In particular species, or in particular circumstances, mycorrhizae may have a parasitic association with host plants. Definition A mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a green plant and a fungus. The plant makes organic molecules by photosynthesis and supplies them to the fungus in the form of sugars or lipids, while the fungus supplies the plant with water and mineral nutrients, such as phosphorus, taken from the soil. Myco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicymbe
''Dicymbe'' is a genus of 20 species of canopy trees in the family Fabaceae, within subfamily Detarioideae. It is found throughout the Guyana Shield region and parts of W Amazonia. Certain species within the genus are strongly associated with ectomycorrhizal fungi. Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ... as of February 2021: *'' Dicymbe altsonii'' *'' Dicymbe amazonica'' *'' Dicymbe arenicola'' *'' Dicymbe bernardii'' *'' Dicymbe corymbosa'' *'' Dicymbe duidae'' *'' Dicymbe fraterna'' *'' Dicymbe froesii'' *'' Dicymbe heteroxylon'' *'' Dicymbe hymenaea'' *'' Dicymbe jenmanii'' *'' Dicymbe mollis'' *'' Dicymbe neblinensis'' *'' Dicymbe paruensis'' *'' Dicymbe pharangophila'' *'' Dicymbe praeruptorum'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Index Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is somewhat comparable to the International Plant Names Index (IPNI), in which the Royal Botanic Gardens is also involved. A difference is that where IPNI does not indicate correct names, the ''Index Fungorum'' does indicate the status of a name. In the returns from the search page, a currently correct name is indicated in green, while others are in blue (a few, aberrant usages of names are indicated in red). All names are linked to pages giving the correct name, with lists of synonyms. ''Index Fungorum'' is one of three nomenclatural repositories recognized by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi; the others are '' MycoBank'' and '' Fungal Names''. As of 2023, over a millio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spore Print
300px, Making a spore print of the mushroom ''Volvariella volvacea'' shown in composite: (photo lower half) mushroom cap laid on white and dark paper; (photo upper half) cap removed after 24 hours showing warm orange ("tussock") color spore print. A 3.5-centimeter glass slide placed in middle allows for examination of spore characteristics under a microscope. The spore print is the powdery deposit obtained by allowing spores of a fungal fruit body to fall onto a surface underneath. It is an important diagnostic character in most handbooks for identifying mushrooms. It shows the colour of the mushroom spores if viewed en masse. Method A spore print is made by placing the spore-producing surface flat on a sheet of dark and white paper or on a sheet of clear, stiff plastic, which facilitates moving the spore print to a darker or lighter surface for improved contrast; for example, it is easier to determine whether the spore print is pure white or, rather, very slightly pigmented. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stipe (mycology)
In mycology, a stipe () is the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal tissue. In many instances, however, the fertile hymenium extends down the stipe some distance. Fungi that have stipes are said to be stipitate. The evolutionary benefit of a stipe is generally considered to be in mediating spore dispersal. An elevated mushroom will more easily release its spores into wind currents or onto passing animals. Nevertheless, many mushrooms do not have stipes, including cup fungi, puffballs, earthstars, some polypores, jelly fungi, ergots, and smuts. It is often the case that features of the stipe are required to make a positive identification of a mushroom. Such distinguishing characters include: # the texture of the stipe (fibrous, brittle, chalky, leathery, firm, etc.) # whether it has remains of a partial veil (such as an annulus (ring) or cortina) or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudoaustroboletus
''Pseudoaustroboletus'' is a fungal genus in the family Boletaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species ''Pseudoaustroboletus valens'', found in China, Japan, Malaysia and Singapore. It was originally given the name ''Boletus albellus'' illegitimately based on specimens from Singapore by George Edward Massee in 1909. In 1972 it was given the name ''Boletus valens'' legitimately before being transferred to ''Tylopilus valens'' in 1976. A molecular phylogenetics Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ... study found it to be distinct from '' Tylopilus'' and '' Boletus'' and the authors placed it in its own genus, ''Pseudoaustroboletus''. References External links * Boletaceae Fungi of Asia Monotypic Boletales genera {{Boletales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australopilus
''Australopilus'' is a fungal genus in the family Boletaceae. Circumscribed in 2012, it is monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ..., containing the single Australian species ''Australopilus palumanus''. References External links * Boletaceae Fungi native to Australia Monotypic Boletales genera {{Boletales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harrya
''Harrya'' is a fungal genus in the family Boletaceae. It was circumscribed in 2012 to contain the species '' Harrya atriceps'' and the type '' Harrya chromapes''. The genus name of ''Harrya'' is in honour of Harry Delbert Thiers (1919–2000), who was an American mycologist who studied and named many fungi native to North America, particularly California. Species As accepted by Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (Binomial nomenclature, scientific names) in the fungus Kingdom (biology), kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partn ...; References External links * Boletaceae Boletales genera Taxa named by Roy Halling [Baidu] |
