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Two Upbuilding Discourses (1843)
''Two Upbuilding Discourses'' is a book by Søren Kierkegaard published in 1843. History Kierkegaard published ''Two Upbuilding Discourses'' three months after '' Either/Or'', which ended without a conclusion to the argument between A, the aesthete, and B, the ethicist, as to which is the best way to live one's life. In 1832, Hegel argued against Christianity by saying that knowledge is not something hurtful to faith but helpful. He says philosophy (the love of knowledge) "has the same content as religion." This is due, in part, to the efforts of " Anselm and Abelard, who further developed the essential structure of faith" in the Middle Ages. ''Upbuilding'' was translated as ''Edifying'' in 1946 when David F. Swenson first translated them. They became ''Upbuilding Discourses'' in Howard V. Hong's translation of 1990. Structure The first two discourses are titled: #"The Expectancy of Faith" #"Every Good and Every Perfect Gift is From Above" Reception Kierkegaard sold 200 co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WikiProject Novels
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is an affinity group for contributors with shared goals within the Wikimedia movement. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within Wikimedia project, sibling projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by ''Smithsonian Magazine, Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outsi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a 19th-century German idealist. His influence extends across a wide range of topics from metaphysical issues in epistemology and ontology, to political philosophy and the philosophy of art and religion. Born in 1770 in Stuttgart, Holy Roman Empire, during the transitional period between the Enlightenment and the Romantic movement in the Germanic regions of Europe, Hegel lived through and was influenced by the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars. His fame rests chiefly upon the '' Phenomenology of Spirit'', the '' Science of Logic'', and his teleological account of history. Throughout his career, Hegel strove to correct what he argued were untenable dualisms endemic to modern philosophy (typically by drawing upon the resources of ancient philosophy, particularly Aristotle). Hegel everywhere insists that reason and freedom, despite being natural potentials, are historical achievements. His d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Bauckham
Richard John Bauckham (; born 22 September 1946) is an English Anglican scholar in theology, historical theology and New Testament studies, specialising in New Testament Christology and the Gospel of John. He is a senior scholar at Ridley Hall, Cambridge. In 2006, Bauckham published his most widely-read work '' Jesus and the Eyewitnesses'', a book that defends the historical reliability of the gospels. Bauckham argues that the synoptic gospels are based "quite closely" on the testimony of eyewitnesses, and the Gospel of John is written by an eyewitness. This opposes the view that the four gospels were written later and not via interviews with direct eyewitnesses, but were rather the result of a longer chain of transmission of stories of Jesus filtered through early Christian communities over time. The book was well-received, earning the 2007 ''Christianity Today'' book award in biblical studies and the Michael Ramsey Prize in 2009. Bauckham updated and expanded the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Hohlenberg
Johannes Hohlenberg (1881–1960) was a Danish author, artist and Anthroposophist. Early life and work Hohlenberg was born in Copenhagen, the son of assistant pastor at Holmens Church Ove Hohlenberg (1835–98) and Emilie Dahlerup (1852–1923). His paternal great-grandfathers were Chief Ship Builder at the Royal Danish Dockyard Frantz Hohlenberg and historian and former Danish prime minister Ove Malling. His maternal grandfather was royal physician to Frederik VII (1812-1882). His maternal grandmother was the daughter of librarian at the Classen Library and former planter in the Danish West Indies Georg Gordon Mac Dougall. Hohlenberg studied painting under Kristian Zahrtmann from 1896 and lived as a painter in Paris from 1906 until 1911. He was a member of Le Salon de la Société Nationale and later of the Salon d'Automne. Anthroposophy In Paris, Hohlenberg became acquainted with Mirra Alfassa and met her nearly every evening for studying the teachings of occultism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regine Olsen
Regine Schlegel (née Olsen; 23 January 1822 – 18 March 1904) was a Danish woman who was engaged to the philosopher and theologian Søren Kierkegaard from September 1840 to October 1841. Biography Early years and engagement to Kierkegaard Olsen was born on 23 January 1822 in Frederiksberg, a district of Copenhagen, Denmark. Her parents were Terkild Olsen, councilor of state and department head in the Finance Ministry, and Regine Frederikke Malling Olsen. Her family home was located in Børsgade, near Knippelsbro. Growing up, she would paint miniatures. She first met Kierkegaard on a spring day in 1837 while visiting the home of Mrs Catrine Rørdam when she was 15 and he 24. Olsen later recalled that upon this first meeting Kierkegaard had made "a very strong impression" upon her and a friend recalled Olsen being enraptured by the words and way in which Kierkegaard spoke.''Encounters'', p. 34 A mutual infatuation developed between the two while Olsen was being tutored by Joh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David F
David (; , "beloved one") was a king of ancient Israel and Judah and the third king of the United Monarchy, according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament. The Tel Dan stele, an Aramaic-inscribed stone erected by a king of Aram-Damascus in the late 9th/early 8th centuries BCE to commemorate a victory over two enemy kings, contains the phrase (), which is translated as " House of David" by most scholars. The Mesha Stele, erected by King Mesha of Moab in the 9th century BCE, may also refer to the "House of David", although this is disputed. According to Jewish works such as the '' Seder Olam Rabbah'', '' Seder Olam Zutta'', and ''Sefer ha-Qabbalah'' (all written over a thousand years later), David ascended the throne as the king of Judah in 885 BCE. Apart from this, all that is known of David comes from biblical literature, the historicity of which has been extensively challenged,Writing and Rewriting the Story of Solomon in Ancient Israel; by Isaac Kalimi; page 32; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan Ludvig Heiberg (poet)
Johan Ludvig Heiberg (14 December 1791 – 25 August 1860), Danish poet, playwright, literary critic, literary historian son of the political writer Peter Andreas Heiberg (1758–1841), and of the novelist, afterwards the Baroness Gyllembourg-Ehrensvärd, was born in Copenhagen. He promoted Hegelian philosophy and introduced vaudeville to Denmark. Biography In 1800 his father was exiled and settled in Paris, where he was employed in the French foreign office, retiring in 1817 with a pension. His political and satirical writings continued to exercise great influence over his fellow countrymen. Johan Ludvig Heiberg was taken by K.L. Rahbek and his wife into their house, Bakkehuset. He was educated at the University of Copenhagen, and his first publication, entitled ''The Theatre for Marionettes'' (1814), included two romantic dramas. This was followed by ''Christmas Jokes and New Years Tricks'' (1816), ''The Initiation of Psyche'' (1817), and ''The Prophecy of Tycho Brahe' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meïr Aron Goldschmidt
Meïr Aron Goldschmidt (October 26, 1819 – August 15, 1887) was a Danish publisher, journalist and novelist. He was the founding editor of the satirical and political magazine '' Corsaren''. Biography Goldschmidt was born in Vordingborg, Denmark but raised in Copenhagen. He was the son of Aron Goldschmidt (1792–1848) and Lea Levin Rothschild (1797–1870). He belonged to a strictly Orthodox Jewish family of merchants. He attended the University of Copenhagen where one of his instructors was the Danish theologist Henrik Nicolai Clausen (1793–1877). He took artium in 1836, graduating with a degree in philology. His meeting with classical Greek culture changed much of his attitude and made him try to balance between Jewish and non-Jewish thoughts. Especially the Greek idea of Nemesis impressed him and imbued much of his later works. In 1837 he founded ''Præstø Amts Tidende'' which in 1839 merged with ''Callundborg Ugeblad'' to become ''Sjællandsposten''. He sol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philosophy Of Religion
Philosophy of religion is "the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions". Philosophical discussions on such topics date from ancient times, and appear in the earliest known Text (literary theory), texts concerning philosophy. The field involves many other branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of language, and philosophy of science.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy"Philosophy of Religion." The philosophy of religion differs from religious philosophy in that it seeks to discuss questions regarding the nature of religion as a whole, rather than examining the problems brought forth by a particular belief system, belief-system. The philosophy of religion differs from theology in that it aims to examine religious concepts from an objective philosophical perspective rather than from the perspective of a specific religious tradition. The philosophy of religion also differs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Abelard
Peter Abelard (12 February 1079 – 21 April 1142) was a medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, teacher, musician, composer, and poet. This source has a detailed description of his philosophical work. In philosophy he is celebrated for his logical solution to the problem of universals via nominalism and conceptualism and his pioneering of intent in ethics. Often referred to as the " Descartes of the twelfth century", he is considered a forerunner of Rousseau, Kant, and Spinoza. He is sometimes credited as a chief forerunner of modern empiricism. In Catholic theology, he is best known for his development of the concept of limbo, and his introduction of the moral influence theory of atonement. He is considered (alongside Augustine) to be the most significant forerunner of the modern self-reflective autobiographer. He paved the way and set the tone for later epistolary novels and celebrity tell-alls with his publicly distributed letter, ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anselm Of Canterbury
Anselm of Canterbury OSB (; 1033/4–1109), also known as (, ) after his birthplace and () after his monastery, was an Italian Benedictine monk, abbot, philosopher, and theologian of the Catholic Church, who served as Archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109. As Archbishop of Canterbury, he defended the church's interests in England amid the Investiture Controversy. For his resistance to the English kings William II and Henry I, he was exiled twice: once from 1097 to 1100 and then from 1105 to 1107. While in exile, he helped guide the Greek Catholic bishops of southern Italy to adopt Roman Rites at the Council of Bari. He worked for the primacy of Canterbury over the Archbishop of York and over the bishops of Wales, and at his death he appeared to have been successful; however, Pope Paschal II later reversed the papal decisions on the matter and restored York's earlier status. Beginning at Bec, Anselm composed dialogues and treatises with a ration ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aestheticism
Aestheticism (also known as the aesthetic movement) was an art movement in the late 19th century that valued the appearance of literature, music, fonts and the arts over their functions. According to Aestheticism, art should be produced to be beautiful, rather than to teach a lesson, create a parallel, or perform another didactic purpose, a sentiment expressed in the slogan "art for art's sake." Aestheticism flourished in the 1870s and 1880s, gaining prominence and the support of notable writers such as Walter Pater and Oscar Wilde. Aestheticism challenged the values of mainstream Victorian culture, as many Victorians believed that literature and art fulfilled important ethical roles. Writing in ''The Guardian'', Fiona McCarthy states that "the aesthetic movement stood in stark and sometimes shocking contrast to the crass materialism of Britain in the 19th century." Aestheticism was named by the critic Walter Hamilton in ''The Aesthetic Movement in England'' in 1882. By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
