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Turpan Manichaean Texts
The Manichaean Turpan documents found in Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves include many documents and works of Manichaean art found by the German Turfan expeditions. History Many important finds were made by the Turfan expeditions, especially on the second expedition, at a number of sites along the ancient northern route around the Taklamakan desert. They discovered important documents and works of art (including a magnificent wall-painting of a Manichaean bishop ozhak previously mistakenly identified as Mani) and the remains of a Nestorian (Christian) church near ancient Khocho (Qara-khoja or Gaochang), a ruined ancient city, built of mud, east of Turfan.Hopkirk (1980), pp. 118, 122–123. Manuscripts Manuscripts include Sogdian-language Manichaean letter. Art Visual art includes: * Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4959 * Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4974 * Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4979 * Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 6368 *Manichaean temple banner MIK ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves
The Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves (, Uyghur: بزقلیق مىڭ ئۆيى ) is a complex of Buddhist cave grottos dating from the 5th to 14th century between the cities of Turpan and Shanshan ( Loulan) at the north-east of the Taklamakan Desert near the ancient ruins of Gaochang in the Mutou Valley, a gorge in the Flaming Mountains, in the Xinjiang region of western China. They are high on the cliffs of the west Mutou Valley under the Flaming Mountains, and most of the surviving caves date from the West Uyghur kingdom around the 10th to 13th centuries. Bezeklik murals There are 77 rock-cut caves at the site. Most have rectangular spaces with round arch ceilings often divided into four sections, each with a mural of the Buddha. The effect is of the entire ceiling covered with hundreds of Buddha murals. Some murals show a large Buddha surrounded by other figures, including Turks, Indians, and Europeans. The quality of the murals varies with some being artistically naive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf From A Manichaean Book MIK III 4959
Leaf from a Manichaean book ''MIK III'' 4959 is a fragment of Manichaean manuscripts collected in Germany Asian Art Museum (Berlin), Berlin Asian Art Museum, drawn during the 8th-9th centuries, Was discovered in Xinjiang by German Turpan expedition team in the early 20th century. The remaining page is 8.2 cm long and 11.0 cm wide, with Miniature (illuminated manuscript), slender painting illustrations on both sides. Description Front There are six rows of text written in red letters on the right side of the front of the leftover page. The illustration on the left depicts two demons kneeling on a red and yellow lotus platform. Although the figure on the left seems to be wearing a wrinkled cloth costume, it is actually a set of exquisite hard uniforms. He put his right hand on a tomahawk and raised his left hand to speak. The eyes are big and prominent, hook nose, curly beard, and the fangs in his mouth confirm his devil status. He has a red Halo (religious iconography), headlig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manichaean Art Of East Central Asia
Manichaeism (; in ; ) is an endangered former major world religion currently only practiced in China around Cao'an,R. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''. SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 founded in the 3rd century CE by the Parthian prophet Mani (216–274 CE), in the Sasanian Empire. Manichaeism teaches an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the struggle between a good, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Through an ongoing process that takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, whence it came. Mani's teaching was intended to "combine", succeed, and surpass the teachings of Platonism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Marcionism, Hellenistic and Rabbinic Judaism, Gnostic movements, Ancient Greek religion, Babylonian and other Mesopotamian religions, and mystery cults.Arendzen, John (1 October 1910).Manichæi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunhuang Manichaean Texts
The Dunhuang Manichaean texts refers to three Manichaean manuscripts of the Tang dynasty found in the Buddhist scripture cave of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. * Chinese Manichaean hymn scroll * Incomplete scripture of Manichaeism * Manichaean Compendium * Irk Bitig a Turkic divination text written in the Old Turkic script. May have been used syncretically by manichaeans See also * Turpan Manichaean texts The Manichaean Turpan documents found in Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves include many documents and works of Manichaean art found by the German Turfan expeditions. History Many important finds were made by the Turfan expeditions, especially on the ... References Manichaean texts {{China-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qocho
Qocho or Kara-Khoja ( zh, t=高昌回鶻, p=Gāochāng Huíhú, l=Gaochang Uyghurs, c=, s=), also known as Idiqut, ("holy wealth"; "glory"; "lord of fortune") was a Uyghur kingdom created in 843, with strong Chinese Buddhist and Tocharian influences. It was founded by refugees fleeing the destruction of the Uyghur Khaganate after being driven out by the Yenisei Kirghiz. They made their winter capital in Qocho (also called ''Gaochang'' or ''Qara-Khoja'', near modern Turpan) and summer capital in Beshbalik (modern Jimsar County, also known as Tingzhou). Its population is referred to as the "Xizhou Uyghurs" after the old Tang Chinese name for Gaochang, the "Qocho Uyghurs" after their capital, the "Kucha Uyghurs" after another city they controlled, or the "Arslan ("Lion") Uyghurs" after their king's title. History In 843, a group of Uyghurs migrated southward under the leadership of Pangtele, and occupied Karasahr and Kucha, taking them from the Tibetan Empire. In 856, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manichaean Wall Painting MIK III 6918
Manichaeism (; in ; ) is an endangered former major world religion currently only practiced in China around Cao'an,R. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''. SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 founded in the 3rd century CE by the Parthian prophet Mani (216–274 CE), in the Sasanian Empire. Manichaeism teaches an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the struggle between a good, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Through an ongoing process that takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, whence it came. Mani's teaching was intended to "combine", succeed, and surpass the teachings of Platonism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Marcionism, Hellenistic and Rabbinic Judaism, Gnostic movements, Ancient Greek religion, Babylonian and other Mesopotamian religions, and mystery cults.Arendzen, John (1 October 1910).Manichæi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manichaean Temple Banner MIK III 6286
Manichaean Temple Banner Number " 6286" is a Manichaean monastery flag banner collected in Berlin Asian Art Museum, made in the 10th century AD. It was found in Xinjiang Gaochang by a German Turpan expedition team at the beginning of the 20th century. The flag streamer is 45.5 cm long and 16 cm wide, with painted portraits on both sides. It is a funeral streamer dedicated to the deceased Manichae believers. Description The picture on the flag banner is divided into upper and lower layers, and the upper layer image area is about one-half of the lower layer. On the lower front, there is a portrait of a Manichean female believer standing on a felt carpet. She embraces a book inlaid with gold, is dressed in a white robe, a white headscarf and a white top hat, which shows that she is an elector. There are two huge lotus buds floating on the left of the voters. On the upper right side is a frame similar to the circle of ancient Egyptian kings. Inside the frame is a Uighur written ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf From A Manichaean Book MIK III 6368
Leaf from a Manichaean book ''MIK III'' 6368 is a fragment of Manichaean manuscripts collected in Germany Berlin Asian Art Museum, drawn during the 8th-9th centuries, Was discovered in Xinjiang by German Turpan expedition team in the early 20th century. The remaining page is 8.2 cm long and 11.0 cm wide, with slender painting illustrations on both sides, and the text is Sogdian. Description front The front illustration of the fragmented page is divided into two parts by the Sogdian text written in the vertical row in the middle, depicting two rows of Manichae priests or monks wearing white crowns and white robes. They have thick and carefully repaired beards. The long black hair covered the ears and spread to the shoulders; they were sitting in front of a writing desk covered in colorful cloth with paper on the desk. The priest held a pen in his hand and seemed to be writing scriptures or drawing illustrations. Behind the priest are two luxuriant trees. Not only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf From A Manichaean Book MIK III 4979
Manichaean manuscript fragment number " 4979" is a collection Fragments of Manichaeism, Manichaean illuminated manuscript in Germany Asian Art Museum (Berlin), Berlin Asian Art Museum, painted during the 8th–9th centuries, and were found in the early 20th century. German Turfan expeditions, German Turpan expedition team found in Xinjiang Gaochang Ancient City, Gaochang site. The broken page is 12.4 cm long and 25.2 cm wide, with Miniature (illuminated manuscript), slender painting illustrations drawn on both sides, written in Sogdian in Manuscript, Turkic language, Turkic and Middle Persian text. Description Front The front illustration of the broken page depicts a Manichae church ritual. A senior priest in a white robe sits above the middle. His head has been completely damaged. It can be seen that he wears a red holy band around his neck and hangs from his shoulders. A circle of arms. He was sitting on a carpet decorated with red diamond-shaped patterns, with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
