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Turkish State Highway System
The State Highways of the Republic of Turkey ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Karayolları), abbreviated as T.C.K. are an integrated network of highways and roads in Turkey, consisting of a numbered grid spanning across the country. They are more commonly called State roads ( tr, Devlet yolu) and are the primary road network in Turkey. The network is mostly maintained by the General Directorate of Highways (KGM), except for within large cities ( tr, Büyükşehir) where the respective city municipality assumes responsibility. In the early 21st century, the network was greatly expanded to accommodate four-lane highways throughout the country. As of 2021, of the total system are four-lane highways. System Overview Unlike motorways in Turkey, state highways do not have a minimum design standard. Despite the majority of the system consisting of four-lane, dual highways, other routes can be two-lane highways or even dirt roads, in mountainous areas. Some routes, especially withi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D 100
D, or d, is the fourth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''dee'' (pronounced ), plural ''dees''. History The Semitic letter Dāleth may have developed from the logogram for a fish or a door. There are many different Egyptian hieroglyphs that might have inspired this. In Semitic, Ancient Greek and Latin, the letter represented ; in the Etruscan alphabet the letter was archaic, but still retained (see letter B). The equivalent Greek letter is Delta, Δ. Architecture The minuscule (lower-case) form of 'd' consists of a lower-story left bowl and a stem ascender. It most likely developed by gradual variations on the majuscule (capital) form 'D', and today now composed as a stem with a full lobe to the right. In handwriting, it was common to start the arc to the left of the vertical stroke, resulting in a serif at the top of the arc. This serif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eskişehir
Eskişehir ( , ; from "old" and "city") is a city in northwestern Turkey and the capital of the Eskişehir Province. The urban population of the city is 898,369 with a metropolitan population of 797,708. The city is located on the banks of the Porsuk River, 792 m above sea level, where it overlooks the fertile Phrygian Valley. In the nearby hills one can find hot springs. The city is to the west of Ankara, to the southeast of Istanbul and to the northeast of Kütahya. It is located in the vicinity of the ancient city of Dorylaeum. Known as a university town; Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, and Anadolu University are based in Eskişehir. The province covers an area of . Name The name literally means 'Old City' in Turkish. History The city was founded by the Phrygians in at least 1000 BC, although it has been estimated to be older than 4000 years old. The current city lies about a mile from the ancient Phrygian city of Dorylaeu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lists Of Roads By Country
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union club Other uses * Angle of list, the leaning to either port or starboard of a ship * List (information), an ordered collection of pieces of information ** List (abstract data type), a method to organize data in computer science * List on Sylt, previously called List, the northernmost village in Germany, on the island of Sylt * ''List'', an alternative term for ''roll'' in flight dynamics * To ''list'' a building, etc., in the UK it means to designate it a listed building that may not be altered without permission * Lists (jousting), the barriers used to designate the tournament area where medieval knights jousted * ''The Book of Lists'', an American series of books with unusual lists See also * The List (other) * Listing (d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highways In Turkey
A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks. In some areas of the United States, it is used as an equivalent term to controlled-access highway, or a translation for ''autobahn'', '' autoroute'', etc. According to Merriam Webster, the use of the term predates the 12th century. According to Etymonline, "high" is in the sense of "main". In North American and Australian English, major roads such as controlled-access highways or arterial roads are often state highways (Canada: provincial highways). Other roads may be designated "county highways" in the US and Ontario. These classifications refer to the level of government (state, provincial, county) that maintains the roadway. In British English, "highway" is primarily a legal term. Everyday use normally implies roads, while the legal use covers any route or path with a public right of access, including footpaths etc. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Countries By Road Network Size
This is a list of countries (or regions) by total road network size, both paved and unpaved. Also included is additional data on the length of each country's or region's controlled-access highway network, also known as motorway, expressway, freeway and so forth (they are known by different names in various places), designed for high vehicular traffic. Unless otherwise noted, the data is from the CIA. * indicates Roads in Country/Territory links. See also * Highway systems by country This article describes the highway systems available in selected countries. Albania In Albania, major cities are linked with either new single/dual carriageways or well maintained state roads marked as "SH" (). There is a dual carriageway con ... * List of longest highways * List of controlled-access highway systems Notes References Sources {{Transport country lists Road network Countries by road network size ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Highways In Turkey
The three types of intercity roads in Turkey • Motorways are controlled-access highways that are officially named '' Otoyol''. But it isn't uncommon that people in Turkey call them ''Otoban'' (referring to Autobahn) as this types of roads entered popular culture by the means of Turks in Germany. They also depend on the General Directorate of Highways except those that are financed with a BOT model. • State roads ('' Devlet Yolları'') are historical and free road network called State roads that are completely under the responsibility of the General Directorate of Highways except for urban sections (like the sections falling within the inner part of ring roads of Ankara, Istanbul or İzmir). Even if they mostly possess dual carriageways and interchanges, they also have some traffic lights and intersections. • Provincial roads (''Il Yolları)'' are highways of secondary importance linking districts within a province to each other, the provincial center, the districts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transport In Turkey
Transport in Turkey is road-dominated and mostly fuelled by diesel. Transport consumes a quarter of energy in Turkey, and is a major source of air pollution in Turkey and greenhouse gas emissions by Turkey. The World Health Organization has called for more active transport such as cycling. Rail transport Rail network The TCDD – Türkiye Devlet Demir Yolları (Turkish State Railways) possess 10,984 km of gauge, of which 2,336 km are electrified (2005). There are daily regular passenger trains all through the network. TCDD has started an investment program of building 5.000 km high-speed lines until 2023. As of October 2019, three high speed train routes are running: Ankara-Eskişehir-İstanbul, Ankara-Konya and İstanbul-Eskişehir-Konya. The freight transportation is mainly organized as block trains for domestic routes, since TCDD discourages under 200 to loads by surcharges. Urban rail After almost 30 years without any trams, Turkey is experiencing a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Otoyol Routes In Turkey
Otoyol routes in Turkey follow a regional based two-digit numbering system. All routes have the prefix ''O'' on all signage and maps. Motorways that start in the Marmara Region are all single digit. Motorways that start in The Central Anatolia Region have a first digit of two. Motorways starting in the Aegean Region have a first digit of three. Motorways starting in the Mediterranean Region and Southeastern Anatolia Region have a first digit of five. The O-21A is the only motorway to have a letter assigned to it. Most motorways in Turkey have six lanes (3+3 lanes), however there are sections of some motorways with only four (2+2) lanes. The motorways extended to 27 of the country's 81 provincial-level administrative divisions. As of March 2022, there are of toll motorways network (''otoyollar'') in service. List of Otoyol routes Projects Under Construction Tender Phase Planning Phase near Afyonkarahisar , , near Antalya , , N/A , , , - , style='background: # ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunnels
A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through surrounding soil, earth or rock, and enclosed except for the entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods. A tunnel may be for foot or vehicular road traffic, for rail traffic, or for a canal. The central portions of a rapid transit network are usually in the tunnel. Some tunnels are used as sewers or aqueducts to supply water for consumption or for hydroelectric stations. Utility tunnels are used for routing steam, chilled water, electrical power or telecommunication cables, as well as connecting buildings for convenient passage of people and equipment. Secret tunnels are built for military purposes, or by civilians for smuggling of weapons, contraband, or people. Special tunnels, such as wildlife crossings, are built to allow wildlife to cross human-made barriers safely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridges
A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or rail) without blocking the way underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross. There are many different designs of bridges, each serving a particular purpose and applicable to different situations. Designs of bridges vary depending on factors such as the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, and the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it. The earliest bridges were likely made with fallen trees and stepping stones. The Neolithic people built boardwalk bridges across marshland. The Arkadiko Bridge (dating from the 13th century BC, in the Peloponnese) is one of the oldest arch bridges still in existence and use. Etymology The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' traces the origin of the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, making it Turkey's second-largest city after Istanbul. Serving as the capital of the ancient Celtic state of Galatia (280–64 BC), and later of the Roman province with the same name (25 BC–7th century), the city is very old, with various Hattian, Hittite, Lydian, Phrygian, Galatian, Greek, Persian, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman archeological sites. The Ottomans made the city the capital first of the Anatolia Eyalet (1393 – late 15th century) and then the Angora Vilayet (1867–1922). The historical center of Ankara is a rocky hill rising over the left bank of the Ankara River, a tributary of the Sakarya River. The hill remains crowned by the ruins of Ankara Castle. Although few of its outworks have survived, there ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bozüyük
Bozüyük is a town and district of Bilecik Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. Features Bozüyük is the biggest town in Bilecik Province. The district has an area of and borders İnegöl to the west, Pazaryeri to the northwest, Bilecik to the north, Söğüt to the northeast, Tepebaşı (Eskişehir) to the east, İnönü to the southeast, Kütahya and Tavşanlı to the south and Domaniç Domaniç is a town and district of Kütahya Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. Ottoman Beylik The rise of the Ottoman Empire is a period of history that started with the emergence of the Ottoman principality (Osmanlı Beyliği) in , ... to the southwest. The 2000 census put the population at 61,150 citizens, and according to a 2010 estimate, the population was 57,491. Bozüyük has seven boroughs and 45 villages and depends economically on Eskişehir. The town is 32 km away from Bilecik and 45 km away from Eskişehir. References * External links District ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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