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Tsvi Hirsh Bonhardt
Rabbi Tsvi Hirsh Bonhardt (–1810), also known as the ''Maggid of Voydislav'', was an 18th-century German-born Polish preacher and rabbi. Biography R. Tsvi Hirsh Bonhardt was born in Germany, to a rabbinic family. His father, R. Yehudah Leib Bonhardt, was a prominent rabbi and scholar. In his youth, R. Tsvi Hirsh studied at the leading Yeshivot in Germany, later immigrating to Voydislav, Poland for economic reasons. R. Tsvi Hirsh married Sarah, the daughter of R. Betsalel ha-Levi of Zhovkve (died 1802), who in part was a descendant of R. Yoel Sirkis (1561–1640). Even after immigrating to Poland, R. Tsvi Hirsh was known to have fervently held on to his German identity. He dressed in contemporary German fashion and gave most of his sermons in German, rather than Yiddish or Polish. Relationship with the Hasidic community Though not Hasidic, R. Tsvi Hirsh had a close personal relationship with many of the early Hasidic tsaddikim such as R. David Biderman of Lelov (1746� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tzvi Hersh Mordechai Bonhardt
Tzvi Hersh Mordechai Bonhardt of Peshischa-Vurka ( Yiddish: צבי הירש מרדכי באנהאַרד פון פשיסחה-ווארקא; Polish: Hersz Mordechy z Przysuchy; September 26, 1826 - December 7, 1866) was a 19th-century Polish Hasidic Rebbe and scholar who headed a Hasidic court in Przysucha. Biography Tzvi Hersh Mordechai Bonhardt was born on September 26, 1826, in Przysucha, Poland. His father Avraham Moshe Bonhardt controversially succeeded his grandfather, Simcha Bunim of Peshischa as the Peshischa rebbe in 1827 and subsequently died the following year, leaving Tzvi Hersh Mordechai Bonhardt and his sister, Sarah Hadas Bonhardt without a father. He was thus raised by his mother Braindel Faiga Raphael (the granddaughter of Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz) and the Vurka Rebbe, Israel Yitzhak Kalish, whose daughter Tziporah he married. Israel Yitzhak Kalish helped Tzvi Hersh Mordechai to establish his own Hasidic court in Przysucha under the jurisdiction of Vurka. Tzvi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peshat
''Peshat'' (also ''P'shat'', ) is one of the two classic methods of Jewish biblical exegesis, the other being Derash. While ''Peshat'' is commonly defined as referring to the surface or literal (direct) meaning of a text,Goldin, S. (2007). Unlocking the Torah Text: Bereishit. Gefen Publishing. numerous scholars and rabbis have debated this for centuries, giving ''Peshat'' many uses and definitions.Garfinkel, Stephen. "Clearing Peshat and Derash." Hebrew Bible/Old Testament - The History of Its Interpretation. Comp. Chris Brekelmans and Menahem Haran. Ed. Magne Sæbø. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000. 130-34. Print. Definitions ''Peshat'' is most often defined as "straight," in reference to its tendency to describe the meaning of the text apparent at face value, taking into account idiomatic expressions, and focusing mostly on literal interpretation. It is often considered the most straightforward method for reading and understanding of biblical text. In this way, ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1740s Births
Year 174 ( CLXXIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Gallus and Flaccus (or, less frequently, year 927 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 174 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Empress Faustina the Younger accompanies her husband, Marcus Aurelius, on various military campaigns and enjoys the love of the Roman soldiers. Aurelius gives her the title of ''Mater Castrorum'' ("Mother of the Camp"). * Marcus Aurelius officially confers the title ''Fulminata'' ("Thundering") to the Legio XII Fulminata. Asia * Reign in India of Yajnashri Satakarni, Satavahana king of the Andhra. He extends his empire from the center to the north of India. By topic Art and Science * '' Meditations'' by Marcus A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Authors Of Rabbinic Works
An author is the writer of a book, article, play, mostly written work. A broader definition of the word "author" states: "''An author is "the person who originated or gave existence to anything" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created''." Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the person who created the work, i.e. the author. If more than one person created the work (i.e., multiple authors), then a case of joint authorship takes place. The copyright laws are have minor differences in various jurisdictions across the United States. The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as "a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of 'original works of authorship.'" Legal significance of authorship Holding the title of "author" over any "literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, rcertain other intellectual works" gives rights to this person, the owner of the copyright, especially t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century Polish Rabbis
The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 ( MDCCI) to December 31, 1800 ( MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions. During the century, slave trading and human trafficking expanded across the shores of the Atlantic, while declining in Russia, China, and Korea. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures, including the structures and beliefs that supported slavery. The Industrial Revolution began during mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, with an emphasis on directly interconnected events. To historians who expand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torah Database
A Torah database (מאגר תורני or מאגר יהדות) is a collection of classic Jewish texts in electronic form, the kinds of texts which, especially in Israel, are often called "The Traditional Jewish Bookshelf" (ארון הספרים היהודי); the texts are in their original languages (Hebrew or Aramaic). These databases contain either keyed-in digital texts or a collection of page-images from printed editions. Given the nature of traditional Jewish Torah study, which involves extensive citation and cross-referencing among hundreds of texts written over the course of thousands of years, many Torah databases also make extensive use of hypertext links. A Torah database usually refers to a collection of primary texts, rather than translations or secondary research and reference materials. Digital Text Software Packages The Bar-Ilan Responsa Project The very first such database was the Bar Ilan Responsa Project, which began in 1963 at the Weizmann Institute in Israel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pietism
Pietism (), also known as Pietistic Lutheranism, is a movement within Lutheranism that combines its emphasis on biblical doctrine with an emphasis on individual piety and living a holy Christian life, including a social concern for the needy and disadvantaged. It is also related to its non-Lutheran (but largely Lutheran-descended) Radical Pietism offshoot that either diversified or spread into various denominations or traditions, and has also had a contributing influence over the interdenominational Evangelical Christianity movement. Although the movement is aligned exclusively within Lutheranism, it had a tremendous impact on Protestantism worldwide, particularly in North America and Europe. Pietism originated in modern Germany in the late 17th century with the work of Philipp Spener, a Lutheran theologian whose emphasis on personal transformation through spiritual rebirth and renewal, individual devotion, and piety laid the foundations for the movement. Although Spener di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avraham Moshe Of Peshischa
Avraham Moshe Bonhardt of Peshischa ( Yiddish: אברהם משה בונהרט פון פשיסכע; – December 27, 1829) also known as the Illui Hakudosh () was the contested third Grand Rabbi of Peshischa, succeeding his father R. Simcha Bunim Bonhardt of Peshischa, after his father's death in 1827. He led the less radical sect of Peshischa for two years, until his death in 1829, after which his followers adopted R. Israel Yitzhak Kalish of Vurka as his successor. Biography R. Avraham Moshe was born in Przysucha around 1800. In his earliest years, like his father, he was recognized as an Illui (child prodigy). As a young child, he would allegedly spend many hours daily in the nearby forest reciting Psalms in loud tears. At 16 he married Braindel Raphael's, a maternal granddaughter of R. Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz of Peshischa, who was the first Grand Rabbi of Peshischa. At first, his father wanted him to be a merchant and thought the burden of the rabbinic position would be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peshischa
Peshischa ( Yiddish: פשיסחה) was an important Hasidic school of thought based out of Przysucha, Poland founded by Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz, which flourished during the late 18th to early 19th century. Its teachings are the foundation for Kotzk Hasidism, Ger Hasidism, Amshinov Hasidism, Zychlin Hasidism, Aleksander Hasidism, Vurka Hasidism, Sochatchov Hasidim, Porisov Hasidim, Biala Hasidim and Izhbitza-Radzin Hasidism. History Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz preached an elitist, rationalistic Hasidism that centered on Talmudic study and formed a counterpoint to the miracle-centered Hasidism of Lublin. His immediate successor, Simcha Bunim of Peshischa, brought Peshischa to its highest point and kickstarted a counter-revolutionary movement which challenged the Hasidic norm. While under the leadership of Rabinowicz, Peshischa was closer to a philosophy whereas, under Simcha Bunim it was transformed into a religious movement. Under Simcha Bunim's leadership, center ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simcha Bunim Of Peshischa
Simcha Bunim Bonhardt of Peshischa ( Yiddish: שמחה בונם בונהרט פון פשיסכע, ; – September 4, 1827) also known as the Rebbe Reb Bunim was the second Grand Rabbi of Peshischa ( Przysucha, Poland) as well as one of the key leaders of Hasidic Judaism in Poland. The main disciple of R. Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz ("the Yid Ha-Kadosh"), from 1813 to 1827, he led the Peshischa movement of Hasidic thought, in which he revolutionized 19th-century Hasidic philosophy by juxtaposing the rationalistic pietism of German-Jewry with the spiritual nature of God defined by the Hasidic movement. Bunim was instrumental in challenging the Hasidic status quo, in which he paired enlightenment philosophy with traditional Orthodox Judaism while controversially emphasizing the importance of the individual in regards to one's personal relationship with God. He outwardly challenged the dynastic and autocratic nature of Hasidic rebbes and encouraged the democratization of Judaism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yechezkel Landau
Yechezkel ben Yehuda HaLevi Landau (8 October 1713 – 29 April 1793) was an influential authority in halakha (Jewish law). He is best known for the work ''Noda Biyhudah'' (נודע ביהודה), by which title he is also known. Biography Landau was born in Opatów, Poland, to a family that traced its lineage back to Rashi, and attended ''yeshiva'' at Ludmir and Brody. In Brody, he was appointed dayan (rabbinical judge) in 1734. In 1745 Landau became rabbi of Yampol. While in Yampol, he attempted to mediate between Jacob Emden and Jonathan Eybeschütz in a debate— "The Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy"—that "had disrupted Jewish communal life for many years". Emden had accused Eybeschuetz of being a crypto Sabbatean, primarily based on amulets Eybeschuetz had written, which Emden believed contained Sabbatean kabbalah. Landau proposed a compromise, in which all amulets allegedly written by Eybeschuetz would be hidden away, and Eybeschuetz would accept to refrain from produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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