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Tsnungwe
The Tsnungwe (current Hupa-language orthography, own name: - "Tse:ning-din (Ironside Mountain) People") or ''Tsanunghwa'' are a Native American people indigenous to the modern areas of the lower South Fork Trinity River (), Willow Creek (), Salyer (), Burnt Ranch (/) and New River () along the Trinity River ( 'river') in Trinity and Humboldt County in California. The Tsnungwe were a bilingual Hupa-Chimariko-speaking people and are known by the Hupa-speaking peoples as . The primary language was the Tsnungwe dialect of Hupa, and the secondary language was Chimariko, although spoken with a Hupa accent. The Tsnungwe include two sub-groups called ('People of ') after their most important settlement and religious center, and the // ('grass, prairies-amongst-people') along New River. The Karuk living north of the Salmon River Divide called the // ('New River People'). The Norelmuk Wintu from Hayfork called the Tsnungwe ''Num-nor-muk''. Because their language is a dialec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New River (Trinity River)
The New River ( Tsnungwe/Hupa Language: yiduq' nilin), ( Karuk: ''akráah kumásaamvaroo''), is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed March 9, 2011 tributary of the Trinity River in northern California. The river was named by miners during the California Gold Rush The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) was a gold rush that began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California fro ... in the early 1850s. While prospecting west from earlier diggings on the upper Trinity River, they named the river due to it being a "new" place to search for gold. Geography The New River originates in the Salmon Mountains at the confluence of Virgin Creek and Slide Creek, in the western part of the Shasta-Trinity National Forest. The river initially runs south, until the confluence with the Eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinity River (California)
The Trinity River (originally called the Hoopa or Hupa by the Yurok, and hun' by the Natinixwe/ Hupa people) is a major river in northwestern California in the United States, and is the principal tributary of the Klamath River. The Trinity flows for through the Klamath Mountains and Coast Ranges, with a watershed area of nearly in Trinity and Humboldt Counties. Designated a National Wild and Scenic River, along most of its course the Trinity flows swiftly through tight canyons and mountain meadows. The river is known for its once prolific runs of anadromous fish, notably Chinook salmon and Oncorhynchus mykiss, steelhead, which sustained Native American tribes for thousands of years. Due to its remoteness, the Trinity did not feature prominently in the early European colonization of California, but the California Gold Rush, gold rush in the mid-1800s brought thousands of gold seekers to the area. The river was named by Major Pierson B. Reading who, upon reaching the river in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salyer, California
Salyer (Hupa: ''Miy-me’'') is an unincorporated community in Trinity County, California. Salyer is located on State Highway 299, east of Eureka and west of Redding. Its population is 389 as of the 2020 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Salyer as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. History Salyer was established on April 16, 1918, and named for Charles Marshall Salyer, a prominent miner. Salyer is located in the ancestral territory of the Tsnungwe Tribe and is next to the Tsnungwe village of miy-me'. Prior to being named Salyer, a Tsnungwe Indian Dickson Dartt proposed the area be named after the village of miy-me. The ZIP Code is 95563. The community is inside area code 530. Government In the California State Legislature, Salyer is in , and in . In the United States House of Representatives, Salyer is in . Climate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinity County, California
Trinity County is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of California. Trinity County is rugged, mountainous, heavily forested, and lies along the Trinity River (for which it is named) within the Salmon and Klamath Mountains. It is also one of three counties in California with no incorporated cities (the other two counties in California with that distinction are Alpine and Mariposa counties). As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,112, making it the fifth least-populous county in California, and the least-populous of California's 27 original counties. The county seat and largest community is Weaverville. History Trinity County has a rich history of Native Americans: Tsnungwe including the South Fork Hupa and tł'oh-mitah-xwe, Chimariko, and Wintu. The county takes its name from the Trinity River, which was in turn named in 1845 by Major Pierson B. Reading, who was under the mistaken impression that the river emptied into Trinidad Bay. ''Tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hupa
Hupa (Yurok language term: Huep'oola' / Huep'oolaa = "Hupa people") are a Native American people of the Athabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group in northwestern California. Their endonym is Natinixwe, also spelled Natinook-wa, meaning "People of the Place Where the Trails Return". The Karuk name was Kishákeevar / Kishakeevra ("Hupa (Trinity River) People", from ''kishákeevar-sav'' = "Hupa River, i.e. Trinity River"). The majority of the tribe is enrolled in the federally recognized Hoopa Valley Tribe. History Hupa people migrated from the north into northern California around 1000 CE and settled in Hoopa Valley, California (Hupa: ''Natinook''). Their heritage language is Hupa, which is a member of the Athabaskan language family. Their land stretched from the South Fork of the Trinity River to Hoopa Valley, to the Klamath River in California. Their red cedar-planked houses, dugout canoes, basket hats, and many elements of their oral literature identify them with their n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willow Creek, California
Willow Creek (formerly China Flat) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Humboldt County, California, United States. The population was 1,710 at the 2010 census, down from 1,743 at the 2000 census. Residents of this small mountain town are commonly referred to as "Willow Creekers." The town is located around as the crow flies inland from county seat and harbor city Eureka, with the two places vastly differing in climate. Willow Creek sits along the Trinity River. Willow Creek is described as a "rugged mountain community nestled in the heart of the Six Rivers National Forest." This area of California is located in the Trinity/Shasta/Cascade Region, near the Oregon border, and is easily reached via State Routes 299 and 96 (the "Bigfoot Scenic Byway"). The town is approximately 50 miles south of where the Patterson-Gimlin film was made. Willow creek calls itself the Bigfoot capital of the world, has a and holds an annual "Bigfoot Daze" festival in September in honor of the cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burnt Ranch, California
Burnt Ranch is a census-designated place (CDP) in Trinity County, California. It has a school and a post office. Its ZIP Code is 95527, and it is in area code 530. Its elevation is . Its population is 250 as of the 2020 census, down from 281 from the 2010 census. History In prehistoric times, the area was inhabited by people speaking a form of the Chimariko language, which was spoken along the Trinity River from the mouth of South Fork at Salyer as far upstream as Big Bar; their principal village was at present-day Burnt Ranch. Pre-contact, the Native American people of this area all spoke Chimariko as well as a dialect of the Hupa language. This is the Tsnungwe dialect of Hupa. Burnt Ranch is so named because Canadian miners burned down an Indian rancheria here in 1849. On 2 August 1858, J.W. Winslet's party of 16 men from Burnt Ranch were ambushed by the Whilkut in the Bald Hills along a trail to the Hupa villages, killing one man and wounding Winslet; the party retreat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bald Hills War
Bald Hills War (1858–1864) was a war fought by the forces of the California Militia, California Volunteers and soldiers of the U.S. Army against the Chilula, Lassik, Hupa, Mattole, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Tsnungwe, Wailaki, Whilkut and Wiyot Native American peoples. The war was fought within the boundaries of the counties of Mendocino, Trinity, Humboldt, Klamath, and Del Norte in Northern California. During the American Civil War, Army reorganization created the Department of the Pacific on 15 January 1861, and on 12 December 1861, the Humboldt Military District, which was formed to organize the effort to unseat the native population. The district was headquartered at Fort Humboldt, which is now a California State Historic Park located within the City of Eureka, California. The District's efforts were directed at waging the ongoing Bald Hills War against the native people in those counties. Origins of the conflict There were several causes of the Bald Hills ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native American Tribes In California
The indigenous peoples of California (known as Native Californians) are the indigenous inhabitants who have lived or currently live in the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans. With over forty groups seeking to be federally recognized tribes, California has the second-largest Native American population in the United States. The California cultural area does not conform exactly to the state of California's boundaries. Many tribes on the eastern border with Nevada are classified as Great Basin tribes, and some tribes on the Oregon border are classified as Plateau tribes. Tribes in Baja California who do not cross into California are classified as indigenous peoples of Mexico. History Pre-contact Evidence of human occupation of California dates from at least 19,000 years ago. Prior to European contact, indigenous Californians had 500 distinct sub-tribes or groups, each consisting of 50 to 500 individual membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimariko Language
Chimariko is an extinct language isolate formerly spoken in northern Trinity County, California, by the inhabitants of several independent communities. While the total area claimed by these communities was remarkably small, Golla (2011:87–89) believes there is evidence that three local dialects were recognized: ''Trinity River Chimariko,'' spoken along the Trinity River from the mouth of South Fork at Salyer as far upstream as Big Bar, with a principal village at Burnt Ranch; ''South Fork Chimariko,'' spoken around the junction of South Fork and Hayfork Creek, with a principal village at Hyampom; and ''New River Chimariko,'' spoken along New River on the southern slopes of the Trinity Alps, with a principal village at Denny. Genetic relations Proposals linking Chimariko to other languages in various versions of the hypothetical Hokan family have been advanced. Roland Dixon suggested a relationship between Chimariko and the Shastan and Palaihnihan families. Edward Sapi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Fork Trinity River
The South Fork Trinity River is the main tributary of the Trinity River, in the northern part of the U.S. state of California. It is part of the Klamath River drainage basin. It flows generally northwest from its source in the Klamath Mountains, through Humboldt and Trinity Counties, to join the Trinity near Salyer. The main tributaries are Hayfork Creek and the East Branch South Fork Trinity River. The river has no major dams or diversions, and is designated Wild and Scenic for its entire length. One of the largest undammed river systems in California, the South Fork drains a rugged, remote watershed of . The large areas of intact habitat are important for several endangered species and rare plants. Historically, the South Fork watershed was known for its prodigious anadromous fish population and dense old-growth forests. During the mid-20th century, the river channel was heavily damaged by major flooding, which was exacerbated by erosion caused by mining, logging and ranchin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humboldt County, California
Humboldt County () is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 136,463. The county seat is Eureka. Humboldt County comprises the Eureka– Arcata– Fortuna, California Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located on the far North Coast, about north of San Francisco. It has among the most diverse climates of United States counties, with very mild coastal summers and hot interior days. Similar to the greater region, summers are extremely dry and winters have substantial rainfall. Its primary population centers of Eureka, the site of College of the Redwoods main campus, and the smaller college town of Arcata, site of California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, are located adjacent to Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay. Area cities and towns are known for hundreds of ornate examples of Victorian architecture. Humboldt County is a densely forested mountainous and rural county with about of coas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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