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Treaty Of Torrellas
The Treaty of Torrellas (called a ''sentencia arbitral'', "sentence by arbitration," in Castilian), signed in Torrellas on 1304, settled the question of conquest of the Kingdom of Murcia, thitherto a dependency of the Crown of Castile, by James II of Aragon. The agreement favored the Crown of Aragon, straining ties. Between 1296 and 1300, James led a series of military operations in Murcia with him occupying all territory above the Segura, and Murcia, which was returned to Castile. He also invaded lands of the Lordship of Villena. James got together with Ferdinand IV of Castile in 1304 to fix new borders between their two states in Andalusia. Cities were exchanged, with Aragon being awarded many north of the Segura, and James retained a portion of Villena. However, the treaty did not establish a definitive border, something promulgated next year by the Treaty of Elche. See also * List of treaties * Treaty of Alcaraz *Treaty of Almizra The Treaty of Almizra (or Trea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castilian Language
Spanish () or Castilian () is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. Today, it is a global language with 483 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain, and about 558 million speakers total, including second-language speakers. Spanish is the official language of 20 countries, as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Spanish is the world's second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's fourth-most spoken language overall after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance language. The country with the largest population of native speakers is Mexico. Spanish is part of the Ibero-Romance language group, in which the language is also known as ''Castilian'' (). The group evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso X Of Castile
Alfonso X (also known as the Wise, ; 23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284) was King of Castile, Kingdom of León, León and Kingdom of Galicia, Galicia from 1 June 1252 until his death in 1284. During the April 1257 Imperial election, election of 1257, a dissident faction chose him to be king of Germany on 1 April. He renounced his claim to Germany in 1275, and in creating an alliance with the Kingdom of England in 1254, his claim on the Duchy of Gascony as well. Alfonso's scientific interests—he is sometimes nicknamed the Astrologer (''el Astrólogo'')—led him to sponsor the creation of the Alfonsine tables, and the Alphonsus (crater), Alphonsus crater on the Moon is named after him. He also sponsored the work of historians who, for the first time since Isidore of Seville in , placed Spain in the context of world history. As a lawmaker he introduced the first vernacular law code in Castile, the ''Siete Partidas''. He created the Mesta, an association of sheep farmers in the cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Alcaraz
The Treaty of Alcaraz was an agreement signed in Alcaraz, Albacete, Alcaraz around April 2, 1243, between Alfonso X of Castile, Alfonso of Castile – the future Alfonso X – acting on behalf of Ferdinand III of Castile, and several representatives of the Muslim noble families of the Taifa of Murcia, Emirate of Murcia. The treaty The Hudid Emirate of Taifa of Murcia, Murcia suffered internal instability following the assassination of Ibn Hud in 1238. By early 1243, the emir of Murcia, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Hud Baha al-Dawla, faced a dual threat from the Order of Santiago and the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada. Pressured by these dangers, he proposed vassalage to Crown of Castile, Castile, sending his son as an emissary to Burgos. The treaty was signed in April 1243 at the Shrine of Our Lady of Cortes in the Castilian town of Alcaraz, Spain, Alcaraz, The treaty established a Castilian protectorate over the Emirate of Murcia, including the following terms: * The Murcian rulers a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Treaties
This list of treaties contains known agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups. Before 1200 CE 1200–1299 1300–1399 1400–1499 1500–1599 1600–1699 1700–1799 1800–1899 1900–1999 2000–present Pending * Central American Free Trade Agreement * Free Trade Area of the Americas * Substantive Patent Law Treaty (SPLT) * WIPO Protection of Broadcasting Organizations * Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement The Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) is a plurilateral agreement, multilateral treaty for the purpose of establishing international standards for intellectual property rights enforcement that did not enter into force. The agreement ai ... Notes References External links Treaty of Peace with Japan Signed at San Francisco on 8 September 1951Treaty of Peace Between Japan and India (1952) Treaty of Peace Between Japan and the Union of Burma (1954) Agreement Between Japan a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crónica De Ramon Muntaner
Ramon Muntaner () (1265 – 1336) was a Catalan mercenary and writer who wrote the '' Crònica'', a chronicle of his life, including his adventures as a commander in the Catalan Company. He was born at Peralada. Biography The Catalan Company was an army of light infantry under the leadership of Roger de Flor that was made up of Aragonese and Catalan mercenaries, known as Almogavars; Roger led the Company to Constantinople to help the Greeks against the Turks. For a lapse of time (1308-1315) he was governor of Djerba after its conquest by the Crown of Aragon. Ramon Muntaner's ''Crònica'' is one of the four '' Catalan Grand Chronicles'' through which the historian views thirteenth- and fourteenth century military and political matters in the Crown of Aragon and the Principality of Catalonia.The other three sources are the autobiography of James I of Aragon, the chronicles of Bernard Desclot and the royal chronicle of Peter IV of Aragon. He died at Ibiza Ibiza ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guardamar
Guardamar del Segura (), or briefly Guardamar, is a municipality of the province of Alicante located at the mouth of the river Segura in southern Valencia (autonomous community), Spain. It is a Mediterranean resort, with a large pine forest abutting an 11-km-long white sand beach. Historically, it was an area of fishermen and farmers. A Phoenician colony, called ''Herna'' by Roman geographer Avienius in his book '' Ora Maritima'' was the first settlement near the mouth of Segura river, In Valencian, ''guardar'' means safekeeping and ''mar'' means sea, and this is another possible basis for its current name. Guardamar is the southernmost Valencian-speaking town and in 1991 41.8% of the town's residents could speak it. Guardamar is also the only municipality of the Vega Baja del Segura comarca (known locally as Baix Segura) where Valencian is traditionally and widely spoken. Guardamar hosts local festivals like '' Moros i Cristians'' (Moros y Cristianos), '' L'Encantà'', and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orihuela
Orihuela (; ''Corpus Toponímic Valencià''. Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua. 2009, València.) is a city and municipality located at the foot of the Sierra de Orihuela mountains in the province of Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain. The city is in one of the only Spanish-speaking areas of the Valencian Community. The city of Orihuela had a population of 33,943 inhabitants at the beginning of 2013. The municipality has an area of 367.19 km2, and stretches all the way down to the Mediterranean coast, west of Torrevieja, and had a total population of 92,000 inhabitants at the beginning of 2013. This includes not only the city of Orihuela, but also the coastal tourist development hub (''urbanización turística'') of Dehesa de Campoamor with 33,277 inhabitants (2013) and a few other villages. The river Segura flows through Orihuela. The city was settled by Romans who called it ''Orcelis'' and subsequently ''Aurariola'' (Latin: "breeze"). History Orihuela is the cap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Callosa De Segura
Callosa may stand for: * Callosa d'En Sarrià, a town in the comarca of La Marina Baixa, in the province of Alicante, Spain * Callosa de Segura, a town in the comarca of El Baix Segura, in the province of Alicante, Spain * '' Callosa'', a genus of dwarf spiders * ''Callosa'', a species name In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, altho ... See also * ''Including use as a species name'' {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abanilla
Abanilla is a Spanish municipality located in the Comarca Oriental (composed by Fortuna and Abanilla) in the Autonomous Community of Murcia. It lies close to the border of the province of Alicante in the Autonomous Community of Valencia. Geography Abanilla occupies a surface area of 236.6 km2 and is situated 222 metres above sea level. It lies on a natural foundation which has been degraded by a number of aggregate and marble quarries. Paleontological Significance A karstic paleontological site is located on the southeast slope of the Sierra de Quibas in an abandoned limestone quarry. Researchers have discovered vertebrate and invertebrate fossils at this site. They collected rodent fossils and used dental patterns to identify these to be of the Muroidea subfamily Arvicolinae. Using stratigraphic and sedimentological features in the limestone, the scientists were able to date these fossils to the Early Pleistocene subepoch. Points of interest Points of interest in A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crevillente
Crevillent (; ) is a town and municipality located in the Alicante province, part of the Valencian Community, Spain. It is situated in the ''comarca'' of Baix Vinalopó, and lies at the foot of the hill range known locally as Serra de Crevillent. , it has a total population of 28,609 inhabitants. The terrain is dry, and its main vegetation is composed by carob trees, almond trees, olive trees and ''esparto''. Crevillent is a major producer and exporter of carpets and pomegranates. The town was probably settled by Romans. In 1263, during the period known as ''Reconquista'', James I of Aragon captured the city from the Moors and became a part of the Kingdom of Valencia. The most important tourist places of the city is a museum with works of Mariano Benlliure, a Valencian sculptor. Also remarkable is its '' Moors and Christians'' festival. Many of the agricultural areas, particularly El Realengo, contain ruins of prisons, ovens and torture houses used during Francisco Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novelda
Novelda (, ; ) is a town located in the province of Alicante, Spain. , it has a total population of 27,135 inhabitants. Novelda has important quarries and mines of marble, limestone, silica, clay and gypsum. It is a major centre of the marble industry. It was probably settled by Greeks, although it was controlled by Carthaginians and Romans. Some centuries later it was conquered from the Moors by a son of Ferdinand III of Castile. Places of tourist interest in Novelda include the monastery of ''Santa Maria Magdalena'' (dated from the 19th century), which has a church designed by a disciple of Antoni Gaudí, the Moorish castle of the ''Mola'', with its unique triangular tower, and the Museum of Modernism. This is a well preserved art nouveau house with original artifacts from the 1920s. The house itself is a work of art. The House-Museum is located in a modernist building designed by Pedro Cerdan Martinez (1863-1947) and is now a centre for modernist research and promotion. Ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrer
Petrer (; ) is a town and municipality located in the '' comarca'' of Vinalopó Mitjà, in the province of Alicante of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain. Petrer joins together with the city of Elda to form a conurbation with over 95,000 inhabitants. The creek Rambla dels Molins (''Riverbed of the Mills''), a tributary of the river Vinalopó, runs through the urban area of Petrer. The economy of Petrer is based on the industries of footwear, furs, plastics, construction materials and pottery. The most important monuments in Petrer are the Catholic church of ''Sant Bartolomeu'' ( Saint Bartholomew), the Arab castle and the hermitages of ''Sant Bonifaci'' and Christ. The '' Moros i Cristians'' festival of Petrer attracts many tourists each year. Notable people * Isaías Guardiola, handballer * Gedeón Guardiola, handballer * José Justicia, professional darts player * Begoña Román Maestre, philosopher, university professor, researcher See also *Route of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
