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Travestis
The term travesti is used in Latin America to designate people who were assigned male at birth and develop a feminine gender identity. Other terms have been invented and are used in South America in an attempt to further distinguish it from cross-dressing, drag, and pathologizing connotations. In Spain, the term was used in a similar way during the Franco era, but it was replaced with the advent of the medical model of transsexuality in the late 1980s and early 1990s, in order to rule out negative stereotypes. The arrival of these concepts occurred later in Latin America than in Europe, so the concept of travesti lasted, with various connotations. The word "travesti", originally pejorative in nature, was reappropriated by Peruvian, Brazilian and Argentine activists, as it has a regional specificity that combines a generalized condition of social vulnerability, an association with sex work, the exclusion of basic rights and its recognition as a non-binary and political identity. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diana Sacayán
Amancay Diana Sacayán (31 December 1975 – 11 October 2015) was an Argentinian LGBT and human rights activist who fought for the legal rights of travesti and transgender people in Argentina. She founded the Anti-Discrimination Movement of Liberation (MAL) and was part of the National Front for the Gender Identity Act in Argentina during public debate on Law 26,743 on Gender Identity. In June 2012, she became the first trans person to run for Ombudsman, running for La Matanza Partido. On 2 July 2012, she became the first Argentine trans person to receive a national identity card affirming her gender. It was handed to her by then-President Cristina Kirchner. Sacayán was murdered on 11 October 2015. On 18 June 2018, Oral Criminal Court 4 of Buenos Aires convicted one of her murderers, handing down a judgement that recognized, for the first time in the Argentine criminal justice system, the murder of a travesti as a hate crime involving gender identity. Provisions in Article ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudia Pía Baudracco
Claudia Pía Baudracco (22 October 1970 – 18 March 2012) was an Argentine activist for the rights of women, sexual minorities, and LGBT people. Biography Baudracco was born on 22 October 1970 in La Carlota, Córdoba Province. She spent her adolescence with her family in Venado Tuerto, and then moved to Buenos Aires. Due to her gender identity, she suffered harassment and mistreatment and had to go into exile for several years, first in Uruguay and then in Europe. Activism On 25 June 1993, Baudracco, together with María Belén Correa and other activists, founded the Association of Travestis of Argentina (''Asociación de Travestis de Argentina'') and was its coordinator until 1995. Later the organization would be called the Argentine Travesti Transsexual Transgender Association (''Asociación Travestis Transexuales Transgéneros Argentinas''; ATTTA). With the support of this organization, she would lead the movement for the repeal of the ''Códigos de Faltas'' in 15 prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lohana Berkins
Lohana Berkins (15 June 1965 – 5 February 2016) was an Argentine travesti activist. Biography Berkins was born on 15 June 1965 in Pocitos, Salta. Her father, a soldier, kicked her out at the age of 13. As Berkins got older, she fought against the brutal Argentine police force in promotion of trans rights and spent approximately 7 years in prison. This type of conflict with the police is largely left out of the collective Argentine memory of their anti-LGBTQ+ history and rather archives often focus on the military dictatorship oppression. In 1994, Berkins founded the Asociación de Lucha por la Identidad Travesti y Transexual (ALITT; ), which she presided over until her death. She was the driving force behind Law 3062 on respect for identity adopted by travestis and transsexuals and approved by the Buenos Aires Legislature in 2009. In 2002, Berkins starred in a fundamental demand for the visibility of travestis and trans people by enrolling in Normal School No. 3 to become ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erika Hilton
Erika Santos Silva, known as Erika Hilton (born 9 December 1992), is a Brazilian politician and activist for black and LGBT rights. Hilton studied teaching and gerontology before entering politics. Affiliated to the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL), in the 2020 elections, she gained national and international notice by becoming the first openly transgender councilor elected to the Municipal Chamber of São Paulo, receiving the most votes for any councilor in the country. In November 2021, she was honoured with a "Generation Change Award" at the 2021 MTV Europe Music Awards in Budapest. In 2022, she and Duda Salabert became the first two openly transgender people elected to the National Congress of Brazil, with both of them elected to its Chamber of Deputies. Hilton was honored as one of the BBC 100 Women in December 2022. A documentary about Erika Hilton is currently in production and will soon premiere in Brazil. It promises to offer a comprehensive and detailed view of Hil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marlene Wayar
Marlene Wayar (born 14 October 1968) is an Argentine social psychologist, travesti-transgender activist, and author of the book ''Travesti: una teoría lo suficientemente buena'' (''Cross-dressing ravesti A Good Enough Theory''). Biography Marlene Wayar is the general coordinator of Futuro Transgenerico - an organization with which she was part of the National Front for the Gender Identity Law – and co-founder of the Silvia Rivera Trans Network of Latin America and the Caribbean. She is the director of ''El Teje'', the first ''travesti'' newspaper in Latin America, developed from a workshop held at the Ricardo Rojas Cultural Center. She studied Social Psychology at the . She is one of the founders of the Nadia Echazú Textile Cooperative, a workshop-school named in honor of the trans rights activist. The project was inaugurated in mid 2008, in a location donated by the National Institute of Associations and Social Economy (INAES). Wayar was host of the series ''Género ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muxe
In Juchitán de Zaragoza, a Zapotec culture of Oaxaca (southeastern Mexico), a muxe (also spelled muxhe; ) is a person assigned male at birth who adopts aspects of feminine gender roles, including dress, behavior, and social standing. The extent to which muxes present with feminine or masculine gender identities depends on location, social reception, and individual preference, among other factors. They are commonly defined as a third gender which is neither male or female. Muxe identity not only involves gender identity and presentation, but also a preservation of Zapotec culture and customs. Etymology Although the exact etymology of the Zapotec word ' is unknown, it is thought to derive from the Spanish word for "woman", '. In the 16th-century, the letter ''x'' had a sound similar to "sh" (see ). The word ''muxe'' is a gender-neutral term, among many other Zapoteco words. Gender and identity in Zapotec culture In contrast to Mexico's majority ''mestizo'' culture, the Ist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthropology
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, society, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. Social anthropology studies patterns of behaviour, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. The term sociocultural anthropology is commonly used today. Linguistic anthropology studies how language influences social life. Biological anthropology, Biological (or physical) anthropology studies the biology and evolution of Human evolution, humans and their close primate relatives. Archaeology, often referred to as the "anthropology of the past," explores human activity by examining physical remains. In North America and Asia, it is generally regarded as a branch of anthropology, whereas in Europe, it is considered either an independent discipline or classified under related fields like history and palaeontology. Etymology The abstract noun ''wikt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susy Shock
Susy Shock (born 6 December 1968) is an Argentine actress, writer, and singer who defines herself as a "trans '' sudaca'' artist". Biography Susy Shock was born in the neighborhood of Balvanera, in the center of Buenos Aires, to a father from La Pampa Province and a mother from Tucumán. In 2011 she published ''Poemario trans pirado'' and ''Relatos en Canecalón''. She wrote columns for ''Soy'' – the diversity supplement of the Argentine newspaper '' Página/12''. She contributed to cultural magazines such as ''Caja Muda'' (from the National University of Córdoba), ''Waska'', ''Queer ArtZine'', ''Ají'' (from Ushuaia), and ''Colada''. Some of her texts were part of the compilation ''La bombacha apretaba sus testículos''. She toured across the country and Latin America with the poetic musical recital ''Poemario Trans Pirado''. The number 1 issue of ''Clítoris Magazine'' (2011), featured the cartoon "SuperShiva" by Susy Shock and Rubén Gauna. According to the specialized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transphobic
Transphobia consists of negative attitudes, feelings, or actions towards transgender or transsexual people, or transness in general. Transphobia can include fear, aversion, hatred, violence or anger towards people who do not conform to social gender roles. Transphobia is a type of prejudice and discrimination, similar to racism, sexism, or ableism, and it is closely associated with homophobia. People of color who are transgender experience discrimination above and beyond that which can be explained as a simple combination of transphobia and racism. Transgender youth often experience a combination of abuse from family members, sexual harassment, and bullying or school violence. They are also disproportionately placed in foster care and welfare programs compared to their peers. Adult transgender people regularly encounter sexual violence, police violence, public ridicule, misgendering, or other forms of violence and harassment in their daily lives. These issues cause man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender
Gender is the range of social, psychological, cultural, and behavioral aspects of being a man (or boy), woman (or girl), or third gender. Although gender often corresponds to sex, a transgender person may identify with a gender other than their sex assigned at birth. Most cultures use a gender binary, in which gender is divided into two categories, and people are considered part of one or the other;Kevin L. Nadal, ''The Sage Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender'' (2017, ), p. 401: "Most cultures currently construct their societies based on the understanding of gender binary—the two gender categorizations (male and female). Such societies divide their population based on biological sex assigned to individuals at birth to begin the process of gender socialization." those who are outside these groups may fall under the umbrella term '' non-binary''. Some societies have ''third genders'' (and ''fourth genders'', etc.) such as the hijras of South Asia and two-spirit per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deconstruction
In philosophy, deconstruction is a loosely-defined set of approaches to understand the relationship between text and meaning. The concept of deconstruction was introduced by the philosopher Jacques Derrida, who described it as a turn away from Platonism's ideas of "true" forms and essences which are valued above appearances. Since the 1980s, these proposals of language's fluidity instead of being ideally static and discernible have inspired a range of studies in the humanities, including the disciplines of law, anthropology, historiography, linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychoanalysis, LGBT studies, and feminism. Deconstruction also inspired deconstructivism in architecture and remains important within art, music, and literary criticism. Overview Jacques Derrida's 1967 book '' Of Grammatology'' introduced the majority of ideas influential within deconstruction. Derrida published a number of other works directly relevant to the concept of deconstruction, such as '' Diff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender Binarism
The gender binary (also known as gender binarism) is the classification of gender into two distinct forms of masculine and feminine, whether by social system, cultural belief, or both simultaneously. Most cultures use a gender binary, having two genders (boys/men and girls/women).Kevin L. Nadal, ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender'' (2017, ), page 401: "Most cultures currently construct their societies based on the understanding of gender binary—the two gender categorizations (male and female). Such societies divide their population based on biological sex assigned to individuals at birth to begin the process of gender socialization." In this binary model, ''gender'' and ''sexuality'' may be assumed by default to align with one's sex assigned at birth. This may include certain expectations of how one dresses themselves, one's behavior, sexual orientation, names or pronouns, which restroom one uses, and other qualities. For example, when a male is born, gender bin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
