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Toyota N Platform
The Toyota N platform is a car platform for executive cars (E-class models) from Toyota, introduced in 2003. It is often called "Mark X platform" and "Crown platform", after its core uses, and, less frequently, "Lexus GS platform". It is used on a variety of sizes of rear- and all-wheel drive automobiles, ranging from compact to full-sized executive. In 2018, the N platform was replaced by the Toyota New Global Architecture TNGA-L platform. Features * The body is monocoque; * It is a rear-wheel drive platform, with optional four-wheel drive; * 4WD variants use Toyota's FOUR system, which is full-time with 3 differentials (center, rear and front); * Engines are mounted longitudinally; * Front suspension is double wishbone, while rear is multi-link; * Disc brakes are used at all four corners. N Applications * Lexus LF-X concept (2003) * Toyota Crown/ Crown Majesta — S180 (2003–2008), S200 (2008–2012), S210 (2012–2020) * Toyota Mark X sedan — X120 (2004–2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Car Platform
A car platform is a shared set of common design, engineering, and production efforts, as well as major components, over a number of outwardly distinct models and even types of cars, often from different, but somewhat related, marques. It is practiced in the automotive industry to reduce the costs associated with the development of products by basing those products on a smaller number of platforms. This further allows companies to create distinct models from a design perspective on similar underpinnings. A car platform is not to be confused with a platform chassis, although such a chassis can be part of an automobile's design platform, as noted below. Definition and benefits A basic definition of a platform in cars, from a technical point of view, includes underbody and suspensions (with axles) — where the underbody is made of the front floor, rear floor, engine compartment, and frame (reinforcement of underbody). Key mechanical components that define an automobile platform in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toyota Mark X (X130)
The is a mid-size car manufactured by Toyota between 2004 and 2019, and was primarily aimed at the Japanese market. The Mark X was introduced in 2004 and is the successor to the Mark II which was first introduced in 1968, and was known in the North American market as the Corona Mark II starting in 1972, and renamed the Cressida from 1977 to 1992. The "Mark X" is not pronounced "Mark Ten" but "Mark Ex", though the "Mark II" is "Mark Two". The Mark X is a continuation of the previous Mark II and its siblings, the sport-orientated Chaser, and the luxurious Cresta in one vehicle, repeating an approach previously attempted by the short-lived Verossa that used inline-six engines, whereas the Mark X uses V6 engines. The Mark X was previously sold as an alternative to the front-wheel drive Camry, which was once the largest new saloon at ''Corolla Store'' locations, for buyers who like the size of the Camry, but prefer a rear-wheel drive layout. Different engine sizes were offer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus RC
The Lexus RC (Japanese: レクサス・RC, ''Rekusasu RC'') is a Compact executive car, compact executive two-door Sports car, sport coupé manufactured by Lexus, Toyota's luxury division. The RC which according to Lexus stands for "Radical Coupe" is a two-door coupé version of the Lexus IS (XE30). The RC is designated as the XC10 series. The RC borrowed styling from the Lexus LF#LF-LC, LF-LC concept and was previewed by the Lexus LF#LF-CC, LF-CC concept, being designed as a proposal by Pansoo Kwon from 2010 to early 2012 and approved by supervising designers Yasuo Kajino and Tatsuya Takei. Overview The RC was unveiled at the Tokyo Motor Show#2013, 2013 Tokyo Motor Show. The RC has a shorter wheelbase than the Lexus IS (XE30) though it is longer overall. The platform shares the front end of the Lexus GS (L10), midsection from the Lexus IS (XE20) convertible, while the rear componentry is from the XE30 series IS. The RC has three LED headlamp, LED lamps in the triangular headli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus IS (XE30)
The is a compact executive car ( D-segment in Europe) sold by Lexus, a luxury division of Toyota, since 1998. The IS was originally sold under the nameplate in Japan from 1998 until 2005 (the word ''Altezza'' is Italian for 'height' or 'highness'). The IS was introduced as an entry-level sport model positioned below the ES in the Lexus lineup. It was the smallest car in the Lexus lineup until the introduction of the CT in 2011. The first-generation Altezza (codename XE10) was launched in Japan in October 1998, while the Lexus IS 200 (GXE10) made its debut in Europe in 1999 and in North America as the IS 300 (JCE10) in 2000. The first-generation models were powered by a straight-six engine and available in sedan and wagon variants. The second-generation IS (codename XE20) was launched globally in 2005 with V6-powered IS 250 (GSE20) and IS 350 (GSE21) and Diesel-powered IS 200d/220d (ALE20) sedan models, followed by a high-performance V8 sedan version, the IS F, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Credit Suisse
Credit Suisse Group AG (, ) was a global Investment banking, investment bank and financial services firm founded and based in Switzerland. According to UBS, eventually Credit Suisse was to be fully integrated into UBS. While the integration was yet to be completed, both banks are operating separately. However, on May 31, 2024, it was announced that Credit Suisse ceased to exist. Headquartered in Zürich, as a standalone firm, it maintained offices in all major financial centres around the world and provided services in investment banking, private banking, asset management, and shared services. It was known for strict Bank secrecy, bank–client confidentiality and Banking in Switzerland, banking secrecy. The Financial Stability Board considered it to be a Systemically important financial institution, global systemically important bank. Credit Suisse was also a primary dealer and Forex counterparty of the Federal Reserve in the United States. Credit Suisse was founded in 185 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus GS (L10)
The is an executive car (E-segment in Europe) manufactured and marketed by Lexus across four generations — launched in 1991 as the Toyota Aristo in Japan and as the Lexus GS for markets outside the Japanese market beginning in February 1993. It continued with the Toyota Aristo name for the Japanese market until January 2005. Lexus marketed the GS as a performance sedan competing in the mid-luxury class, between its compact executive IS and large/flagship LS. The GS shared its chassis with one of Toyota's longest-running nameplates, the Toyota Crown premium sedans until 2011. The GS featured six-cylinder engines and rear-wheel drive, with V8 engines offered for all generations. All-wheel drive and hybrid versions debuted in 2005. Previously, all-wheel drive versions were already made available in the Japanese-market S140 series Aristo. The first two generations had a Japanese market equivalent, the Toyota Aristo (''aristo'' is Greek for "the best"), which was sold fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus LS (XF40)
The Lexus LS (XF40) is the fourth generation of the Lexus LS—a series of F-segment, full-size luxury cars. Produced by Lexus, the luxury division of the Japanese automaker Toyota, the XF40 served as the flagship#automotive, flagship vehicle of List of Lexus vehicles, the former's lineup from 2006 until production ended in 2017. The successor to the Lexus LS (XF30), XF30 LS, the development of the XF40 began under the direction of Moritaka Yoshida. Focusing on simplicity, the XF40 was designed by Yo Hiruta, incorporating the L-finesse design philosophy—first introduced in 2001 with the Lexus GS (S190), GS. The LS460 debuted at the North American International Auto Show#2006, North American International Auto Show in January 2006, while the hybrid electric vehicle, hybrid–electric version, the LS600h, was unveiled at the New York International Auto Show#2006, New York International Auto Show in April 2006. Official mass production, series manufacture began at Tahara pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus LS
The is a series of full-size luxury sedans that have served as the flagship model of Lexus, the luxury division of Toyota, since 1989. For the first four generations, all LS models featured V8 engines and were predominantly rear-wheel-drive. In the fourth generation, Lexus offered all-wheel-drive, hybrid, and long-wheelbase variants. The fifth generation changed to using a V6 engine with no V8 option, and only one length was offered. As the first model developed by Lexus, the LS 400 debuted in January 1989 with the second generation debuting in November 1994. The LS 430 debuted in January 2000 and the LS 460/LS 460 L series in 2006. A domestic-market version of the LS 400 and LS 430, badged as , was sold in Japan until the Lexus marque was introduced there in 2006. In 2006 (for the 2007 model year), the fourth generation LS 460 debuted the first production eight-speed automatic transmission and an automatic parking system. In 2007, V8 hybrid powertrains were introduced on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus GS (S190)
The Lexus GS (S190) is the third generation of the Lexus GS line of executive cars. Sold by Lexus from 2005 to 2011, the line includes multiple V6 engine, V6, V8 engine, V8, and hybrid car, hybrid models. A concept model for the GS line, the Lexus LF#LF-S, LF-S, debuted in late 2003 at the Tokyo Motor Show. The third generation GS first appeared as a pre-production vehicle at the 2004 North American International Auto Show in Detroit with the production version being shown a year later at the 2005 show. The initial lineup featured V6 and V8 engines with rear-wheel drive, and for the first time on a Lexus sedan, the option of all-wheel drive with the V6-powered GS 300 and GS 350 models. The GS 450h performance hybrid joined the lineup in 2006. The production GS was built on a newly designed mid-size platform which would also be used on the second-generation IS. Production of the third generation began on 24 January 2005 in the city of Tahara, Aichi, in Japan, where all GS models w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus GS
The is an executive car ( E-segment in Europe) manufactured and marketed by Lexus across four generations — launched in 1991 as the Toyota Aristo in Japan and as the Lexus GS for markets outside the Japanese market beginning in February 1993. It continued with the Toyota Aristo name for the Japanese market until January 2005. Lexus marketed the GS as a performance sedan competing in the mid-luxury class, between its compact executive IS and large/flagship LS. The GS shared its chassis with one of Toyota's longest-running nameplates, the Toyota Crown premium sedans until 2011. The GS featured six-cylinder engines and rear-wheel drive, with V8 engines offered for all generations. All-wheel drive and hybrid versions debuted in 2005. Previously, all-wheel drive versions were already made available in the Japanese-market S140 series Aristo. The first two generations had a Japanese market equivalent, the Toyota Aristo ('' aristo'' is Greek for "the best"), which was sol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus IS (XE20)
The Lexus IS (XE20) is a car produced by the Japanese carmaker Toyota under its luxury division, Lexus. Classified as a compact executive car, it represented the second generation of the Lexus IS. Serving as Lexus's entry-level sedan from 2005 until its production ended in 2013. Toyota manufactured the XE20 at Toyota Motor Corporation Tahara plant, the facility in Tahara, Aichi, and Toyota Motor Kyushu, the Kyushu factory in Miyawaka, Fukuoka (until 2012). It was available as both a four-door sedan (automobile), sedan and a two-door coupe—the latter designated by a "C" at the end of their name (e.g., "IS 250 C"). The development of the XE20 began in 2001 under the direction of Suguya Fukusato—chief engineer of the project. Primarily designed by Kengo Matsumoto, a pre-production version of the IS debuted at the Geneva International Motor Show#2005, Geneva International Motor Show in March 2005. The final model debuted at the New York International Auto Show#2005, New York In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexus IS
The is a compact executive car ( D-segment in Europe) sold by Lexus, a luxury division of Toyota, since 1998. The IS was originally sold under the nameplate in Japan from 1998 until 2005 (the word ''Altezza'' is Italian for 'height' or 'highness'). The IS was introduced as an entry-level sport model positioned below the ES in the Lexus lineup. It was the smallest car in the Lexus lineup until the introduction of the CT in 2011. The first-generation Altezza (codename XE10) was launched in Japan in October 1998, while the Lexus IS 200 (GXE10) made its debut in Europe in 1999 and in North America as the IS 300 (JCE10) in 2000. The first-generation models were powered by a straight-six engine and available in sedan and wagon variants. The second-generation IS (codename XE20) was launched globally in 2005 with V6-powered IS 250 (GSE20) and IS 350 (GSE21) and Diesel-powered IS 200d/220d (ALE20) sedan models, followed by a high-performance V8 sedan version, the IS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
