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Tou Yuan
Tou Yuan or Tuó Huán () or Zhēn Tuó Huán () or Nòu Tuó Huán () or Rù Tuó Huán () was a short-lived ancient Mon people, Mon political entity that existed on the coast near the present Chanthaburi in Thailand or Tanintharyi Region, Tanintharyi Coast in southern Myanmar. It was annexed to Dvaravati in 647. It was the Mon people, Mon's settlements, bordered Dvaravati to the southeast. Book of Sui, Record of the Sui dynasty, which ruled China in 581–618 CE, says Tou Yuan fought many wars against Zhenla, who, at the same time, also had a conflict with Lâm Ấp, Línyì to the northeast.Book of Sui, volume 8 (in Chinese) In contrast, Zhenla established peace relations via royal intermarriage with two other neighbors, Zhū Jiāng Kingdom, Zhū Jiāng (which is identified as Dvaravati) and Cān Bàn Kingdom, Cān Bàn. However, Cān Bàn later became Zhenla's vassal. Location According to the details given in the Chinese leishu, Cefu Yuangui, compiled during the Song dynasty ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menam
The Chao Phraya River is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand. Etymology Written evidence of the river being referred to by the name ''Chao Phraya'' dates only to the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV, 1850–1868). It is unknown what name, if any at all, was used for the river in older times. The river was likely known simply by the Thai word for 'river', (), and foreign documents and maps, especially by Europeans visiting during the Ayutthaya period, usually named the river the ''Menam''. The name Chao Phraya likely comes from (), an alternative name, documented from around 1660 in the reign of King Narai, of the settlement that is now Samut Prakan. Historian Praphat Chuvichean suggests that the name, which is a title of nobility, originated from the story of two Khmer idols being unearthed in 1498 at the settlement that was by the mouth of the river at the time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
