Tonal System
Tonal system can refer to *Arab tone system, the modern Arabic system of musical tuning *Chromatic scale or twelve-tone scale, a set of twelve pitches used in tonal music *Tone (linguistics), the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning *Tonality, the arrangement of pitches and / or chords of a musical work *Tonal system (Nystrom) a base 16 system of notation, arithmetic, and metrology proposed in 1859 by John W. Nystrom See also *Equal temperament *Signal tone * Tonal (other) *Tone (other) *Tone mapping Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range (HDR) images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range. Print-outs, C ...

Arab Tone System
The modern Arab tone system, or system of musical tuning, is based upon the theoretical division of the octave into twenty-four equal divisions or 24-tone equal temperament, the distance between each successive note being a quarter tone (50 cents). Each tone has its own name not repeated in different octaves, unlike systems featuring octave equivalency. The lowest tone is named ''yakah'' and is determined by the lowest pitch in the range of the singer. The next higher octave is ''nawa'' and the second ''tuti''. However, from these twenty-four tones, seven are selected to produce a scale and thus the interval of a quarter tone is never used and the three-quarter tone or neutral second should be considered the characteristic interval. By contrast, in the European equally tempered scale the octave is divided into twelve equal divisions, or exactly half as many as the Arab system. Thus, when Arabic music is written in European musical notation, a slashed or reversed flat sign is ...
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Chromatic Scale
The chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) used in tonal music, with notes separated by the interval of a semitone. Chromatic instruments, such as the piano, are made to produce the chromatic scale, while other instruments capable of continuously variable pitch, such as the trombone and violin, can also produce microtones, or notes between those available on a piano. Most music uses subsets of the chromatic scale such as diatonic scales. While the chromatic scale is fundamental in western music theory, it is seldom directly used in its entirety in musical compositions or improvisation. Definition The chromatic scale is a musical scale with twelve pitches, each a semitone, also known as a half-step, above or below its adjacent pitches. As a result, in 12-tone equal temperament (the most common tuning in Western music), the chromatic scale covers all 12 of the available pitches. Thus, there is only one chromatic scal ...
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Tone (linguistics)
Tone is the use of pitch (music), pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or to inflection, inflect words. All oral languages use pitch to express emotional and other para-linguistic information and to convey emphasis, contrast and other such features in what is called intonation (linguistics), intonation, but not all languages use tones to distinguish words or their inflections, analogously to consonants and vowels. Languages that have this feature are called tonal languages; the distinctive tone patterns of such a language are sometimes called tonemes, by analogy with ''phoneme''. Tonal languages are common in East Asia, East and Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, and the Pacific islands, Pacific. Tonal languages are different from pitch-accent languages in that tonal languages can have each syllable with an independent tone whilst pitch-accent languages may have one syllable in a word or morpheme that is more prominent t ...
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Tonality
Tonality is the arrangement of pitch (music), pitches and / or chord (music), chords of a musical work in a hierarchy of perceived ''relations'', ''stabilities'', ''attractions'', and ''directionality''. In this hierarchy, the single pitch or the root (music), root of a triad (music), triad with the greatest ''stability'' in a melody or in its harmony is called the tonic (music), ''tonic''. In this context "stability" approximately means that a pitch occurs frequently in a melody – and usually is the final note – or that the pitch often appears in the harmony, even when it is not the pitch used in the melody. The ''root'' of the tonic triad forms the name given to the key (music), key, so in the key of C major, C major the note C can be both the tonic of the scale (music), scale and the root of the tonic triad. However, the tonic can be a different Musical tone, tone in the same scale, and then the work is said to be in one of the mode (music), ''modes'' of that ...
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Tonal System (Nystrom)
The tonal system is a base 16 system of notation (predating the widespread use of hexadecimal in computing), arithmetic, and metrology proposed in 1859 by John W. Nystrom.Nystrom, John W.''Project of a New System of Arithmetic, Weight, Measure and Coins, Proposed to be Called the Tonal System, with Sixteen to the Base''/ref> In addition to new weights and measures, his proposal included a new calendar with sixteen months, a new system of Currency, coinage, and a hexadecimal clock, clock with sixteen major divisions of the day (called tims). Nystrom advocated his system thus: Names for the numbers He proposed names for the digits, calling zero "noll" and counting (from one to sixteen): "An,  de,  ti,  go,  su,  by,  ra,  me,  ni,  ko,  hu,  vy,  la,  po,  fy,  ton." (Therefore, ''ton''al system.) Because hexadecimal requires sixteen digits, Nystrom supplemented the existing decimal digits 0 through 9 w ...
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Equal Temperament
An equal temperament is a musical temperament or Musical tuning#Tuning systems, tuning system that approximates Just intonation, just intervals by dividing an octave (or other interval) into steps such that the ratio of the frequency, frequencies of any adjacent pair of notes is the same. This system yields Pitch (music), pitch steps perceived as equal in size, due to the logarithmic changes in pitch frequency. In classical music and Western music in general, the most common tuning system since the 18th century has been 12 equal temperament (also known as ''12 tone equal temperament'', ' or ', informally abbreviated as ''12 equal''), which divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equal on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the twelfth root of two, 12th root of 2, (\sqrt[12] ≈ 1.05946). That resulting smallest interval, the width of an octave, is called a semitone or half step. In Western world, Western countries the term ''equal temperamen ...
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Signal Tone
A signal tone or signalling tone is a steady or pulsating Periodic function, periodic signal typically in the frequency range of sound for indicating a condition, communication protocol state, or serve as an audible warning. It may be composed of multiple frequency components, or could be a pure tone. In telephone systems, signaling tones are used as call progress tones for in-band indications to subscribers or operators. Certain telephone switching systems used tones, in-band or out-of-band, for signaling (telecommunications), signaling on trunks. Typical well-known call progress tones are dial tone, ringing tone, busy tone, and the reorder tone. A loud stutter tone is used to alert subscribers of a handset left off-hook, effectively disabling the circuit for receiving calls. Telephone service subscribers may subscribe to services, such as call forwarding, which may indicate function by a stutter dial tone. See also * Musical tone * Dual-tone multi-frequency signaling (DTMF) * S ...
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Tonal (other)
Tonal may refer to: * Tonal (mythology), a concept in the belief systems and traditions of Mesoamerican cultures, involving a spiritual link between a person and an animal * Tonal language, a type of language in which pitch is used to make phonemic distinctions * Tonality, a system of writing music involving the relationship of pitch to some centered key * Tonal system, a hexadecimal (base 16) system of notation, arithmetic, and metrology proposed by Nystrom in 1859 * "Tonal", a song by the American band Bright from the album ''The Albatross Guest House'' See also *Tone (other) Tone may refer to: Visual arts and color-related * Tone (color theory), a mix of tint and shade, in painting and color theory * Tone (color), the lightness or brightness (as well as darkness) of a color * Toning (coin), color change in coins ...

Tone (other)
Tone may refer to: Visual arts and color-related * Tone (color theory), a mix of tint and shade, in painting and color theory * Tone (color), the lightness or brightness (as well as darkness) of a color * Toning (coin), color change in coins * Photographic print toning, a process that changes the color of monochromatic film, e.g. ''sepia tone'' * Screentone, a technique for shading or patterning drawings Sound and music * Tone (linguistics), the pitch and pitch changes in words of certain languages * Tone (musical instrument), the audible characteristics of a musician's sound * Musical tone, a sound characterized by its duration, pitch, intensity, and timbre * Pure tone, a tone with a sinusoidal waveform * Reciting tone, such as Psalm tone and recitative, as in Gregorian chants * Tonality, a system of music based on a key "center", or tonic * Tone control, a (typically electronic) control for affecting frequency content of an audio signal * Whole tone, or major second, ...
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