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Tofangchi-aghasi
The Military of the Safavid dynasty#Tofangchi-aghasi, Tofangchi-aghasi, also spelled Tufangchi-aqasi, and otherwise known as the Tofangchi-bashi, was the commander of the Safavid dynasty, Safavid Empire's musketeer corps. The ''tofangchi-aghasi'' was assisted by numerous officers, i.e. ''minbashis'', ''yuzbashis'', ''dahbashis'', as well as an administrative staff (i.e. ''vizier'', ''mostoufi''). Though the ''tofangchi-aghasi'' was considered to be a high-ranking office on paper, ''de facto'', it was one of the lowest on the "military totem-pole" compared to the other commanding offices. Nevertheless, the post was generally held by Lineal descendant, scions of noble families. List of ''Tofangchi-aghasis'' Reign of Ismail I * Mirza Shah Hossein, Mirza Shah Hosein (1516) Reign of Tahmasp I * Kur Hasan (1529) * ? * Mir Saheb-e Qoshun (1576) Reign of Ismail II * Mir Saheb-e Qoshun (1576) * ? Reign of Mohammad Khodabanda * ? Reign of Abbas I of Persia, Abbas I * Esma'il Beg (161 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Of The Safavid Dynasty
The military of Safavid Iran covers the military history of Safavid Iran from 1501 to 1736. Foundation of the Safavid military It was the first Safavid king (shah), Ismail I (1501–1524), who laid foundation to the Safavid military. Its origins date back to 1500, when Ismail decided to come out of hiding from Lahijan, a city in Gilan, northern Iran. On his way to Azerbaijan, he recruited followers, and had already recruited 450 at Rasht and 1,500 at Tarom. By summer, Ismail had already gathered 7,000 followers, mostly Turkmens from Asia Minor, whom he had rallied together in Erzincan, while the rest were Iranians, mainly from northern Iran. Ismail fought the Shirvanshah Farrukh Yassar during the same year, where his army is said to have ranged from 7,000 to 40,000. Another founding element of the Safavid armies, alongside the Turkomans and the Iranians, were ethnic Georgians. Numerous contemporary independent Venetian sources report that, as early as 1499, Ismail had Chri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tofangchi-aghasi
The Military of the Safavid dynasty#Tofangchi-aghasi, Tofangchi-aghasi, also spelled Tufangchi-aqasi, and otherwise known as the Tofangchi-bashi, was the commander of the Safavid dynasty, Safavid Empire's musketeer corps. The ''tofangchi-aghasi'' was assisted by numerous officers, i.e. ''minbashis'', ''yuzbashis'', ''dahbashis'', as well as an administrative staff (i.e. ''vizier'', ''mostoufi''). Though the ''tofangchi-aghasi'' was considered to be a high-ranking office on paper, ''de facto'', it was one of the lowest on the "military totem-pole" compared to the other commanding offices. Nevertheless, the post was generally held by Lineal descendant, scions of noble families. List of ''Tofangchi-aghasis'' Reign of Ismail I * Mirza Shah Hossein, Mirza Shah Hosein (1516) Reign of Tahmasp I * Kur Hasan (1529) * ? * Mir Saheb-e Qoshun (1576) Reign of Ismail II * Mir Saheb-e Qoshun (1576) * ? Reign of Mohammad Khodabanda * ? Reign of Abbas I of Persia, Abbas I * Esma'il Beg (161 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suleiman I Of Persia
Suleiman I (; born Sam Mirza, February or March 1648 – 29 July 1694) was the eighth Shah of Safavid Iran from 1666 to 1694. He was the eldest son of Abbas II and his concubine, Nakihat Khanum. Born as Sam Mirza, Suleiman spent his childhood in the harem among women and eunuchs and his existence was hidden from the public. In 1666, after the death of his father, the nineteen-year-old Sam Mirza was crowned king under the regnal name, Safi II, after his grandfather, Safi I. He had a troublesome reign as Safi II, which convinced his court astrologers that he should undergo a coronation once again. Thus, in 20 March 1668, simultaneously with Nowruz, he was crowned king with a new name, Suleiman I. After his second coronation, Suleiman retreated into his harem to enjoy sexual activities and excessive drinking. He was indifferent to the state affairs, and often would not appear in the public for months. Suleiman's reign was devoid of spectacular events in the form of major wars an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rustam Khan (Sipahsalar)
Rostam Khan () or Rostom-Khan Saakadze ( ka, როსტომ-ხან სააკაძე) (c. 1588 – 1 March 1643) was a high-ranking Safavid Iran, Safavid military commander and official of Georgians in Iran, Georgian origin. He held the position of commander-in-chief (''List of Safavid commanders-in-chief, sepahsalar'') under the Safavid shahs, Abbas I of Persia, Abbas I and Safi of Persia, Safi. In 1643, he was accused of treason and executed under king Abbas II of Persia, Abbas II. He features in the contemporary Persian and Georgian chronicles and is also a subject of the 17th-century Persian biography written by a certain Bijan for Rostam Khan's grandson, his namesake and a high-ranking officer in Iran. Career Rostam Khan was a son of the Georgian nobleman Bijan Beg Saakadze, Bijan Beg (Bezhan), of the Tarkhan-Mouravi, Saakadze family, who attended the Georgian prince Bagrat VII of Kartli, Bagrat Khan of Kartli in his exile to the Safavid Iran, Safavid court after t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirza Shah Hossein
Mirza Kamal al-Din Shah Hossein Isfahani (), better simply known as Mirza Shah Hossein (میرزا شاه حسین), was an Iranian nobleman, who served as the '' vakil'' (vicegerent) and ''vizier'' of the Safavid Empire. He also briefly held the post of commander of the empire's musketeer corps (''tofangchi-aghasi''). Biography A native of Isfahan, Mirza Shah originally served as an architect, but was in 1503 appointed as the personal ''vizier'' of the powerful Qizilbash magnate Durmish Khan Shamlu, who had recently been appointed as the governor of Mirza Shah's native city. Mirza Shah was appointed as vakil and ''vizier'' in 1514 after the Battle of Chaldiran, which had a damaging impact on the health of Safavid king Ismail I, who withdrew from affairs of the state and began heavily drinking. The appointment of Mirza Shah to the ''vakil'' office was because he had after the battle found Ismail's favorite wife who was lost in Azerbaijan. In 1516, Ismail I also appointed Mirza Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaykhosrow Khan (tofangchi-aghasi)
Kaykhosrow Khan (died 1674) was a Safavid military commander and ''gholam'' of Georgian descent. He served as the commander of the musketeer corps (''tofangchi-aghasi'') from 1670 to 1674, during the reign of king Suleiman I (r. 1666–1694). Kaykhosrow's mother was a daughter of Bijan Beg, of the Georgian Saakadze family, and, thus, a nephew to Bijan's sons Rostam use both this parameter and , birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> , death_place = Kabulistan , death_cause = With the conspiracy of his half-brother Shaghad, he fell into a we ... (''the sepahsalar'', d. 1643), Aliqoli (d. 1667), and Isa (d. 1654). Kaykhosrow's son, Manuchehr, briefly served as the governor of Darun in 1698–1699. Sources * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Kaykhosrow 1674 deaths Safavid generals Iranian people of Georgian descent Nobility of Georgia (country) Shia Muslims from Georgia (country) Tofangchi-aghasi Safavid g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaykh Ali Khan Zanganeh
Shaykh Ali Khan Zanganeh (, died 1689), was an Iranian statesman of Kurdish origin, who served as the grand vizier of the Safavid king (''shah'') Suleiman I (r. 1666–1694) from 1669 to 1689. Due to his efforts in reforming the declining Iranian economy, he has been called the "Safavid Amir Kabir" in modern historiography. Family A native of the Kermanshah Province, Shaykh Ali Khan was the son of Ali Beg Zanganeh, and belonged to the Zanganeh tribe, a Sunni Kurdish tribe, which was part of the Qizilbash. Shaykh Ali Khan had two brothers named Najaf Qoli Beg Zanganeh and Shahrokh Sultan Zanganeh and also had several sons, whom were: Hossein Ali Khan Zanganeh, Suleiman Khan Zanganeh, Ismail Beg Zanganeh, Abbas Beg Zanganeh, Abbas Qoli Beg Zanganeh, and the most prominent one being Shahqoli Khan Zanganeh, who would also later serve as grand vizier of the country. Biography Shaykh Ali Khan's destiny is similar to that of many other Iranian grand viziers—from Hasanak un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tahmasp II
Tahmasp II (; 1704? – 11 February 1740) was the penultimate Safavid shah of Iran, ruling from 1722 to 1732. Name ''Tahmasp'' () is a New Persian name, ultimately derived from Old Iranian ''*'', meaning "having valiant horses." The name is one of the few instances of a name from the ''Shahnameh'' being used by an Islamic-era dynasty based in Iran. In the ''Shahnameh'', Tahmasp is the father of Zaav, the penultimate shah of the Pishdadian dynasty. Biography Tahmasp was the son of Soltan Hoseyn, the Shah of Iran at the time. When Soltan Hoseyn was forced to abdicate by the Afghans in 1722, Prince Tahmasp wished to claim the throne. From the besieged Safavid capital, Isfahan, he fled to Qazvin, where he on 10 November 1722 declared himself shah and assumed the regnal name of Tahmasp II. He gained the support of the Sunni Muslims of the Caucasus (even that of the previously rebellious Lezgins), as well as several Qizilbash tribes (including the Afshars, under the control of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Husayn
Soltan Hoseyn (; 1668 – 9 September 1727) was the Safavid shah of Iran from 1694 to 1722. He was the son and successor of Shah Suleiman (). Born and raised in the royal harem, Soltan Hoseyn ascended the throne with limited life experience and more or less no expertise in the affairs of the country. He was installed on the throne through the efforts of his powerful great-aunt, Maryam Begum, as well as the court eunuchs, who wanted to increase their authority by taking advantage of a weak and impressionable ruler. Throughout his reign, Soltan Hoseyn became known for his extreme devotion, which had blended with his superstition, impressionable personality, excessive pursuit of pleasure, debauchery, and wastefulness, all of which have been considered by both contemporary and later writers as elements that played a part in the decline of the country. The last decade of Soltan Hoseyn's reign was marked by urban dissension, tribal uprisings, and encroachment by the country's neighb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupchi-bashi
The Tupchi-bashi ("head of the tupchis") was the commander of the Safavid Empire's artillery corps. He was responsible for the artillery battery (''tup-khaneh'') and needed materials in relation to the artillery pieces as well. The ''tupchi-bashi'' received assistance by an administrative staff, as well as by various officers of lower rank. The term ''tupchi-bashi'' was also used to designate the commanders of local artillery batteries in the various cities and provinces of the empire. List of ''Tupchi-bashis'' Reign of Ismail I * Hamza Beg (1507) * Mahmud Beg (1516) Reign of Tahmasp I * Ostad Sheikhi Beg (1528-1529) * Sheikh Ali (1538-1539) * Darvish Beg (1551-1552) * Soleiman Beg (1556-1557) Reign of Mohammad Khodabanda * Morad Khan (1580-1581) Reign of Abbas I * Qoreiqchi Khan (1605-1606) * Barkhordar Beg (1610) Reign of Safi * Mortezaqoli Beg (1637-1638) * Morad Beg (1642) Reign of Abbas II * Morad Beg (1642) * Mohammad Beg (1649) * Hoseinqoli Khan (1655) * Qalan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbas II Of Persia
Abbas II (; born Soltan Mohammad Mirza; 30 August 1632 – 26 October 1666) was the seventh Shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1642 to 1666. As the eldest son of Safi and his Circassian wife, Anna Khanum, he inherited the throne when he was nine, and had to rely on a regency led by Saru Taqi, the erstwhile grand vizier of his father, to govern in his place. During the regency, Abbas received formal kingly education that, until then, he had been denied. In 1645, at age fifteen, he was able to remove Saru Taqi from power, and after purging the bureaucracy ranks, asserted his authority over his court and began his absolute rule. Abbas II's reign was marked by peace and progress. He intentionally avoided a war with the Ottoman Empire and his relations with the Uzbeks in the east were friendly. He enhanced his reputation as a military commander by leading his army during the war with the Mughal Empire and successfully recovering the city of Kandahar. At his behest, Rostom Khan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safi Of Persia
Sam Mirza () (161112 May 1642), known by his dynastic name of Shah Safi (), was the sixth shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1629 to 1642. Abbas the Great was succeeded by his grandson, Safi. A reclusive and passive character, Safi was unable to fill the power vacuum which his grandfather had left behind. His officials undermined his authority and revolts constantly broke out across the realm. The Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–1639), continuing war with the Ottoman Empire, started with initial success during Abbas the Great's reign, but ended with the defeat of Iran and the Treaty of Zuhab, which returned much of Iran's conquests in Mesopotamia to the Ottomans. In order to assert his authority, Safi purged every potential claimant to his throne, including the sons of the Safavid princesses, and the sons of Abbas the Great, who were blinded and thus were unqualified to rule. The purge also saw the deaths of the leading figures of the realm. An example of Safi's cruelty occurred on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
