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Tjokropranolo
Tjokropranolo (21 May 1924 – 22 July 1998) was an Indonesian politician and former military officer who was the 8th Governor of Jakarta, serving between 1977 and 1982. During the Indonesian National Revolution, he was the assistant to Sudirman, and later wrote a biography of the commander. Early life Tjokoropranolo was born in Temanggung, today part of Central Java, on 21 May 1924. His father was the regent of Temanggung at the time. He studied at the Europeesche Lagere School. Career Revolution During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Tjokropranolo joined PETA. In the leadup to the 1948 Madiun Affair, Tjokropranolo - then armed forces commander Sudirman's adjutant - noted that he managed to restrain Indonesian Navy and Senopati Brigade soldiers from continuing a firefight with Siliwangi Division troops when tensions flared between the groups. Sudirman sent Tjokropranolo as an envoy to other military officers such as Slamet Riyadi to convince them to remain loy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor Of Jakarta
} The Jakarta Special Region is administratively equal to a Provinces of Indonesia, province with special status as the largest city of Indonesia. Instead of a mayor, the executive head of Jakarta is a governor. The Governor of Jakarta is an elected politician who, along with the vice governor and 106 members of the Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council, Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), is accountable for the strategic government of the city of Jakarta. Background Governing system of Jakarta has changed throughout its history. On March 5, 1942, Japanese occupied Batavia, Dutch East Indies, Batavia from the Dutch control and the city was named Jakarta , in accordance with the special status that was assigned to the city). After the collapse of Japan, Indonesian nationalists who declared independence on August 17, 1945, the government of Jakarta City was changed from the Japanese into the Jakarta National Administration in September 1945. After the war, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudirman
Sudirman (; 24 January 1916 – 29 January 1950) was an Indonesian military officer and revolutionary during the Indonesian National Revolution and the first commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Born in Purbalingga, Dutch East Indies, Sudirman moved to Cilacap in 1916 and was raised by his uncle. A diligent student at a Muhammadiyah-run school, he became respected within the community for his devotion to Islam. After dropping out of teacher's college, in 1936 he began working as a teacher, and later headmaster, at a Muhammadiyah-run elementary school. After the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupied the Indies in 1942, Sudirman continued to teach, before joining the Japanese-sponsored Defenders of the Homeland (PETA) as a battalion commander in Banyumas in 1944. In this position he put down a rebellion by his fellow soldiers, but was later interned in Bogor. After Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, Indonesia proclaimed its independence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Sadikin
Ali Sadikin (7 July 1926 – 20 May 2008) was an Indonesian politician who served as the fourth governor of Jakarta from 1966 until 1977. Prior to becoming governor, he served as Minister of Transportation from 1963 until 1966 and Coordinating Minister for Marine Affairs from 1964 until 1966. He also served as Chairman of the Football Association of Indonesia from 1977 until 1981. Born to parents of ethnic- Sundanese descent, Ali attended the Semarang Shipping Science Polytechnic during the Japanese occupation period. During the Indonesian National Revolution, he joined the People's Security Agency Navy, the predecessor to the Indonesian Navy, and fought against the Dutch during Operation Product and Operation Kraai. Following the end of the national revolution, Ali remained in the navy and fought against the Permesta rebel movement in the late 1950s. In 1963, he was appointed Minister of Transportation by President Sukarno. A year later, he was appointed coordinating min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aspri
Asisten Pribadi ( English: Personal assistants), better known by the acronym Aspri, were a team of advisors to Indonesian President Suharto from 1968 until 1974. The group was disbanded in the wake of the Malari incident in January 1974, though all members of the group would remain active as advisors to Suharto, including General Ali Murtopo who was appointed Minister of Information in the Third Development Cabinet in 1978. History Aspri was the successor team to the previous group of personal staff (''Staf Pribadi'', or Spri) that Suharto had appointed a few years before. The small group of Spri had been formed by Suharto in August 1966 after he had received the Supersemar letter of authority from Sukarno. He appointed the Spri to help him establish the New Order regime in Indonesia. The original team of Spri included six army officers and twelve civilians. In 1968, after Suharto had been appointed President in his own right, he disbanded the Spri and formed Aspri instead, lim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soeprapto (governor)
Priyayi#Raden, Raden Soeprapto (Indonesian Spelling System, EYD: Raden Suprapto; 12 August 1924 – 26 September 2009) was an Indonesia, Indonesian military figure and politician who served as the 8th Governor of Jakarta from 29 September 1982 until 6 October 1987. Early life and education Early life Priyayi#Raden, Raden Soeprapto was born in Surakarta, Central Java, on 12 August 1924. Education Soeprapto attended elementary school in 1937, then continued his education at SLP in 1940 and SLA in 1943. Soeprapto continued his education in Peta in 1943, Advanced Officer Course One (Kupaltu) in 1954, Advanced Officer Course Two (Kupalda) in 1959, Indonesian Army Command and General Staff College, Army Command and Staff College in 1964, and the United States Army Command and General Staff College, United States Command and General Staff College (USCGEC), in 1967. Military service Meanwhile, the positions that Soeprapto had held in the military sphere included Commander of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defenders Of The Homeland
The Defenders of the Homeland (; , PETA) was a volunteer army established on 3 October 1943 in the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) by the occupying Japanese. The Japanese intended PETA to assist their forces in opposing a possible invasion by the Allies. By the end of World War II, there were a total of 69 battalions () in Java, Madura, and Bali (around 37,000 men) and Sumatra (approximately 20,000 men). On 17 August 1945, the day after the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, the Japanese ordered the PETA to surrender and hand over their weapons, which most of them did. Indonesia's inaugural President, Sukarno, supported the dissolution rather than turning the organisation into a national army as he feared allegations of collaboration had he allowed a Japanese-created militia to continue to exist.Ricklefs (1981), p. 194Sunhaussen (1982), pp. 2–4Bachtiar(1988), p. 12 During the Indonesian War of Independence, former PETA officers and troops, such as Suharto a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siliwangi Division
Military Regional Command III/Siliwangi () is an Indonesian Army Regional Military Command that covers Banten and West Java province. The division was formed during the Indonesian National Revolution by what was then known as the People's Security Army (TKR). It was stationed in West Java where much of its membership was recruited, and bore the name of a 15th-century kingdom located in this area and of that kingdom's King Siliwangi. it became a Territorial Division (Soldier & Territorium) on 24 July 1950, and a military regional command, or KODAM, in 1959. History From May 1946, the division was commanded by then-colonel Abdul Haris Nasution and his adjutant was Umar Wirahadikusumah, and slightly later Amirmachmud was the Division Commander's Chief of Staff. Kemal Idris was also among the division's officers. All of these would play a significant role in Indonesia's military and political life during the coming decades. Under the terms of the cease-fire agreement of January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Occupation Of The Dutch East Indies
The Empire of Japan occupied the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of the war in September 1945. In May 1940, Germany German invasion of the Netherlands, occupied the Netherlands, and martial law was declared in the Dutch East Indies. Following the failure of negotiations between the Dutch authorities and the Japanese, Japanese assets in the archipelago were frozen. The Dutch declared war on Japan following the 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies began on 10 January 1942, and the Imperial Japanese Army overran the entire colony in less than three months. The Dutch surrendered on 8 March. Initially, most Indonesians welcomed the Japanese as liberators from their Dutch colonial masters. The sentiment changed, however, as between 4 and 10 million Indonesians were recruited as forced labourers (''romusha'') on economic development and defense projects in Java. Between 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madiun Affair
The Madiun Affair (), known locally as the Communist Party of Indonesia rebellion of 1948 (), was an armed conflict between the government of the self-proclaimed Republic of Indonesia and the left-wing opposition group ''Front Demokrasi Rakyat'' (FDR, People's Democratic Front) during the Indonesian National Revolution. The conflict began on September 18, 1948, in Madiun, East Java, and ended three months later when most FDR leaders and members were detained and executed by Indonesian National Armed Forces, TNI forces. Background The downfall of the Sjarifuddin Cabinet and the formation of the Hatta Cabinet Opinions regarding the trigger of the conflict vary. According to Kreutzer, the downfall of Amir Sjarifuddin, Amir Sjarifuddin's government in January 1948 was the origin of the Madiun Affair. Before then, during the second half of 1947, Partai Sosialis was split into two factions: one faction was led by Sjarifuddin, and a smaller faction was led by Sutan Sjahrir. The l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Navy
The Indonesian Navy (, TNI-AL) is the Navy, naval branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. It was founded on 10 September 1945 and has a role to patrol Indonesia's lengthy coastline, to enforce and patrol the territorial waters and Exclusive economic zone of Indonesia, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Indonesia, to protect Indonesia's maritime strategic interests, to protect the islands surrounding Indonesia, and to defend against seaborne threats. The Navy is headed by the Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Navy, Chief of Staff of the Navy ( – KSAL or KASAL). The Indonesian Navy consists of three major fleets known as "wikt:armada#Noun, Armada", which are (1st Fleet Command) located in Tanjung Uban, (2nd Fleet Command) located in Surabaya, (3rd Fleet Command) located in Sorong (city), Sorong, and one (Military Sealift Command). The Navy also heads the Indonesian Marine Corps, Marine Corps. Mission According to Article 9 of Law No.34/2004 on the Indonesian National Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legion Of The Just Ruler
The Legion of the Just Ruler (, ; APRA) or the Legion of Ratu Adil was a pro- Dutch militia and private army established in the aftermath of the Indonesian National Revolution. It was founded by the former KNIL Captain Raymond Westerling following his demobilisation on 15 January 1949. The militia's name was derived from a passage from the medieval ''Book of Prophecies of Joyo Boyo'' which prophesied the coming of a Just Ruler () who would be of Turkish descent and come to save the people of Java and establish universal peace and justice. With his mixed Turkish heritage in mind, Westerling used the myth of the Just Ruler to create a following. Westerling claimed to be fighting to preserve the component states of the federal Republic of the United States of Indonesia against what he perceived as the Javanese-dominated unitary Republic of Indonesia led by Sukarno and Hatta. APRA was recruited from several anti-Republican factions including former Republican guerrillas, fighter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slamet Riyadi
Brigadier General Ignatius Slamet Rijadi (EYD, Perfected Spelling: Ignatius Slamet Riyadi; 26 July 1927 – 4 November 1950) was an Indonesian soldier. Rijadi was born in Surakarta, Central Java, to a soldier and a fruit seller. Rijadi was "Sold" to his uncle and renamed as a toddler to cure his illnesses, Rijadi was raised at his parents' home and studied at Dutch-run schools. After the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Rijadi studied at a Japanese-run sailor's academy and worked for them upon graduation; he abandoned the Imperial Japanese Army, Japanese army towards the end of World War II, World and assisted resistance operations for the rest of the occupation. After Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, Indonesia's independence on 17 August 1945, Rijadi led Indonesian forces in the Surakarta area during the Indonesian National Revolution, revolution against the returning Dutch. Starting with a guerrilla cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
