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Tipatikka
Western Shoshone comprise several Shoshone tribes that are indigenous to the Great Basin and have lands identified in the Treaty of Ruby Valley 1863. They resided in Idaho, Nevada, California, and Utah. The tribes are very closely related culturally to the Paiute, Goshute, Bannock, Ute, and Timbisha tribes. They speak the Western dialect of the Shoshone language. Other Shoshone-speaking groups include the Goshute (Utah-Nevada border), Northern Shoshone (southern Idaho), and Eastern Shoshone (western Wyoming). Bands Bands of Western Shoshone are named for their traditional geographical homelands and their primary food sources. :*Kuyatikka (Kuyudikka, Bitterroot Eaters), Halleck, Mary's River, Clover Valley, Smith Creek Valley, Nevada :*Mahaguadüka (Mentzelia Seed Eaters), Reese River, Ruby Valley, Nevada :*Painkwitikka (Penkwitikka, Fish Eaters), Cache Valley, Idaho and Utah :*Tipatikka (Tepattekka'a, Tetadeka, Pinenut Eaters, Bia Tevateka), northernmost band, northern Utah ...
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Shoshone
The Shoshone or Shoshoni ( or ), also known by the endonym Newe, are an Native Americans in the United States, Indigenous people of the United States with four large cultural/linguistic divisions: * Eastern Shoshone: Wyoming * Northern Shoshone: Southern Idaho * Western Shoshone: California, Nevada, and Northern Utah * Goshute: western Utah, eastern Nevada They traditionally speak the Shoshoni language, part of the Numic languages branch of the large Uto-Aztecan languages, Uto-Aztecan language family. The Shoshone were sometimes called the Snake Indians by neighboring tribes and early American explorers. Their peoples have become members of List of federally recognized tribes, federally recognized tribes throughout their traditional areas of settlement, often co-located with the Northern Paiute people of the Great Basin. Etymology The name "Shoshone" comes from ''Sosoni'', a Shoshoni language, Shoshone word for high-growing grasses. Some neighboring tribes call the Shoshone ...
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Native American Church
The Native American Church (NAC), also known as Peyotism and Peyote Religion, is a Syncretism, syncretic Native American religion that teaches a combination of traditional Native Americans in the United States, Native American beliefs and elements of Christianity, especially pertaining to the Ten Commandments, with sacramental use of the entheogen peyote. The religion originated in the Oklahoma Territory (1890–1907) in the late nineteenth century, after peyote was introduced to the southern Great Plains from Mexico. Today, it is the most widespread indigenous religion among Native Americans in the United States (except Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians), Canada (specifically First Nations in Canada, First Nations people in First Nations in Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan and First Nations in Alberta, Alberta), and Mexico, with an estimated 300,000 adherents. History Historically, many denominations of mainstream Christianity attempted to convert Native Americans to Christian ...
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Goshute
The Goshutes are a tribe of Western Shoshone Native Americans. There are two federally recognized Goshute tribes today: * Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation, located in Nevada and Utah * Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians of Utah of the Skull Valley Indian Reservation, located in Utah Culture The Goshute (Gosiute) refer to themselves as the ''Newe'' ɨwɨor ''Newenee'' ɨwɨnɨɨ('Person' or 'People'), though at times have used the term ''Kutsipiuti'' (''Gutsipiuti'') or ''Kuttuhsippeh'', meaning "People of the dry earth" or "People of the Desert" (literally: "dust, dry ashes People"). Neighboring Numic-speaking peoples used variants including ''Kusiutta'' / ''Kusiyuttah'', ''Kusiyuttah,'' ''Newenee'', ''Gusiyuta'', or ''Kusiyutah'' when referring to the Goshute People. English variants included: ''Goshutes, Go-sha-utes, Goship-Utes, Goshoots, Gos-ta-Utes, Gishiss, Goshen Utes, Kucyut, and Gosiutsi''. These names suggest a closer affinity among the Goshut ...
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Cache Valley
Cache Valley ''( Shoshoni: Seuhubeogoi, “Willow Valley”)'' is a valley of northern Utah and southeast Idaho, United States, that includes the Logan metropolitan area. The valley was used by 19th century mountain men and was the site of the 1863 Bear River Massacre of 250 to 400 Shoshone people. The name, Cache Valley is often used synonymously to describe the Logan Metropolitan Area, one of the fastest growing metro areas in the US per capita — both in terms of economic GDP and population. History Alongside habitation by the Shoshone and other indigenous peoples, European explorer Michel Bourdon discovered Cache Valley 1818 during a MacKenzie fur expedition. The valley was subsequently used for the second of the annual gatherings of mountain men. Many of the trappers who worked in the valley came from the Hudson's Bay Company, the Northwest Fur Company, and the Rocky Mountain Fur Company. The name "Cache Valley" was derived by the fur trappers who hid their tradin ...
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Ruby Valley
Ruby Valley is a large basin located in south-central Elko County, Nevada, Elko and northern White Pine County, Nevada, White Pine counties in the northeastern section of the state of Nevada in the western United States. From Secret Pass it runs south-southwest for approximately 60 miles (96 km) to Overland Pass. To the west is the steep escarpment of the Ruby Mountains, and to the north is the East Humboldt Range and Clover Valley (Nevada), Clover Valley. The east side of the valley is less well defined, but its maximum width is about 10 miles (16 km) near Franklin Lake. At its south end lies the Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge. The valley includes a series of hot springs, known as Ruby Valley Hot Springs, with multiple pools reaching up to 30 feet in diameter and 100 degrees Fahrenheit in temperature. Nevada State Route 229, SR 229 passes along the northeast edge of the valley, and Ruby Valley Road (Nevada State Route 767, SR 767 and List of county routes in Elko C ...
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Reese River
The Reese River is a tributary of the Humboldt River, located in central Nevada in the western United States. The Reese rises in the southern section of the Toiyabe Range, on the flanks of Arc Dome. In its upper reaches, the Reese River is a fast-flowing mountain stream surrounded by relatively lush growth, including Aspen groves and cottonwood trees. It then flows north between the Toiyabe Range and the Shoshone Mountains for approximately half its length. The river then passes through a low point in the Shoshone Mountains and continues north between that range and the Fish Creek Mountains. Once it exits the Toiyabe Range, it becomes a slow, muddy stream, and its waters are used for irrigation by scattered farms and ranches along its lower reaches. Although considered a tributary of the Humboldt, in most years, the Reese dwindles into a chain of shallow pools long before it reaches the main stem. Only during infrequent floods does the Reese contribute water to the Humbol ...
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Mentzelia
''Mentzelia'' is a genus of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Loasaceae, native to the Americas. The genus comprises annual plant, annual, biennial plant, biennial, and perennial plant, perennial herbaceous plants and a few shrubs. They are commonly called blazing stars or stickleafs; other names include evening stars and moonflowers. Species According to Plants of the World Online there are 100 species in this genus. References Flora of Bolivia checklist: ''Mentzelia''Flora of Missouri checklist: ''Mentzelia''
Mentzelia, Flora of Northern America Cornales genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus {{Cornales-stub ...
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Bitterroot
Bitterroot (''Lewisia rediviva'') is a small perennial herb in the family Montiaceae. Its specific epithet ("revived, reborn") refers to its ability to regenerate from dry and seemingly dead roots. The genus '' Lewisia'' was moved in 2009 from the purslane family ( Portulacaceae) with adoption of the APG III system, to the family Montiaceae. Description ''Lewisia rediviva'' is a low-growing perennial plant with a fleshy taproot and a simple or branched base and a low rosette of thick fleshy linear leaves with blunt tips. The leaves are roughly circular in cross section, sometimes somewhat flattened on the adaxial (top) surface. The absence of an adaxial groove on the leaves distinguishes this from other '' Lewisia'' species with overlapping ranges. The leaves often wither before flowers open. The very short flower stems are leafless, tall, bearing at the tip a whorl of 5–6 linear bracts which are 5–10 mm long. A single proportionally huge flower appears on each ste ...
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Eastern Shoshone
Eastern Shoshone are Shoshone who primarily live in Wyoming and in the northeast corner of the Great Basin where Utah, Idaho and Wyoming meet and are in the Great Basin classification of Indigenous People. They lived in the Rocky Mountains during the 1805 Lewis and Clark Expedition and adopted Plains horse culture in contrast to Western Shoshone that maintained a Great Basin culture. The Eastern Shoshone primarily settled on the Wind River Indian Reservation in Wyoming, after their leader, Washakie signed the Fort Bridger Treaty in 1868. Pohogwe, Pohoini, Sage Grass people, Sagebrush Butte People), mixed Shoshone- Bannock band, living in southeastern Idaho on the Snake River Plain, in the Wind River Range, Salmon Falls on Snake River and wintered in the vicinity of the trading post Fort Hall, but also claimed the Camas Prairie as home, later called Fort Hall Shoshone or "Sho-Bans" Contemporary tribes and communities * Northwestern Band of Shoshoni Nation of Utah ( ...
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Northern Shoshone
Northern Shoshone are Shoshone of the Snake River Plain of southern Idaho and the northeast of the Great Basin where Idaho, Wyoming and Utah meet. They are culturally affiliated with the Bannock people and are in the Indigenous people of the Great Basin, Great Basin classification of Indigenous People. Language Northern Shoshone is a dialect of the Shoshone language, a Central Numic language in the Uto-Aztecan language family. It is primarily spoken on the Fort Hall Reservation, Fort Hall and Wind River Reservation, Wind River reservations in Idaho and Wyoming, respectively. Bands Bands of Shoshone people were named for their geographic homelands and for their primary foodsources. Mountain Shoshone bands: :* Agaideka or Agai-deka (Akaitikka, Salmon Eaters, Lemhi Shoshone, living on the middle and lower Snake River and in the Lemhi River, Lemhi River Valley, Lemhi Range and Beaverhead Mountains in Idaho,Murphy and Murphy 306 originally following the same lifeway as the Tukudeka. ...
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