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Tiniguan Languages
The Tiniwan languages are two extinct Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ... and one moribund language of Colombia that form a small family. Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with Andaqui. Languages The Tiniwan languages are: * Tinigua (Tiniwa) * Pamigua (Pamiwa) †* Majigua †Nothing is known about Majigua (Campbell 2012). It was once spoken on the Ariari River in the Meta region of Colombia. Classification Though data on Pamigua is extremely limited, the relationship seems to be fairly close: Tinigua ''manaxaÃ'' 'walk!', Pamigua ''menáxa'' 'let's go!'. Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Tinigua and Pamigua. References Language families {{na-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Peru and Ecuador to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 Departments of Colombia, departments. The Capital District of Bogotá is also the List of cities in Colombia by population, country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other major urban areas include MedellÃn, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Colombia, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Bucaramanga. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi) and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Family
A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term ''family'' is a metaphor borrowed from biology, with the tree model used in historical linguistics analogous to a family tree, or to phylogenetic trees of taxa used in evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists thus describe the ''daughter languages'' within a language family as being ''genetically related''. The divergence of a proto-language into daughter languages typically occurs through geographical separation, with different regional dialects of the proto-language undergoing different language changes and thus becoming distinct languages over time. One well-known example of a language family is the Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Catalan, and many others, all of which are descended from Vulgar Latin.Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.)''Ethnologue: Languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tinigua Language
Tinigua (''Tiniguas'') is an endangered Tiniguan language spoken in Colombia which used to form a small language family with the now extinct Pamigua language. Final speakers As of 2000, Tinigua had only two remaining speakers, Sixto Muñoz (Tinigua name: ''Sɨsɨthio'' ‘knife’) and his brother, Criterio. Criterio died around 2005, leaving behind Sixto as the last remaining speaker of Tinigua. Formerly a resident of the SerranÃa de la Macarena in Meta Department, Sixto Muñoz currently resides in Jiw village of Barrancón, near the main town of Guaviare Department. They lived in Meta Department Meta () is a department of Colombia. It is close to the geographic center of the country, to the east of the Andean mountains. A large portion of the department, which is also crossed by the Meta River, is covered by a grassland plain known ..., between the Upper Guayabero and Yari rivers. Muñoz also speaks Spanish and is thought to have been born somewhere from 1924-1929. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pamigua Language
Pamigua (sometimes called Pamiwa) is an extinct language of Colombia, related to Tinigua. It was spoken at the mission of San Concepción de Arauca in Meta Department Meta () is a department of Colombia. It is close to the geographic center of the country, to the east of the Andean mountains. A large portion of the department, which is also crossed by the Meta River, is covered by a grassland plain known ..., Colombia. Vocabulary Loukotka (1968) References Tiniguan languages Extinct languages of South America {{na-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Language
An extinct language or dead language is a language with no living native speakers. A dormant language is a dead language that still serves as a symbol of ethnic identity to an ethnic group; these languages are often undergoing a process of revitalisation. Languages that have first-language speakers are known as modern or living languages to contrast them with dead languages, especially in educational contexts. Languages have typically become extinct as a result of the process of cultural assimilation leading to language shift, and the gradual abandonment of a native language in favor of a foreign ''lingua franca''. As of the 2000s, a total of roughly 7,000 natively spoken languages existed worldwide. Most of these are minor languages in danger of extinction; one estimate published in 2004 expected that some 90% of the languages spoken at that time will have become extinct by 2050. Language death Normally the transition from a spoken to an extinct language occurs when a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andaqui Language
Andaqui (or Andaki) is an extinct language from the southern highlands of Colombia. It has been linked to the Paezan or Barbacoan languages, but no connections have been demonstrated. It was spoken by the Andaqui people of Colombia. Language contact Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with Paez, Chibcha (also proposed by Rivet 1924Rivet, Paul. 1924. La langue AndakÃ. ''Journal de la Société des Américanistes'', 16:99-110.), and Tinigua-Pamigua due to contact. Varieties Other unattested varieties possibly related to Andaqui that are listed by Loukotka (1968): * Timaná – once spoken on the Magdalena River and Guarapas River around the city of Timaná. * Yalcon / Cambi – once spoken between the Magdalena River and La Plata River. Vocabulary Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items. : See also *Macro-Paesan languages Macro-Paesan (also spelled Macro-Paezan) is a proposal linking several small families and language isol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ÄŒestmÃr Loukotka
ÄŒestmÃr Loukotka (12 November 1895 – 13 April 1966) was a Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovak linguist and ethnologist. His daughter was Jarmila Loukotková. Career Loukotka proposed a Classification of indigenous languages of the Americas#Loukotka (1968), classification for the languages of South America based on several previous works. This classification contained many unpublished materials and therefore greatly improved upon previous classifications. He divided the languages of South America and the Caribbean into 77 different families, based upon similarities of vocabulary and available lists. His classification of 1968 is the most influential and was based upon two previous schemes (1935, 1944), which were similar to those proposed by Paul Rivet (whom he was a student of), although the number of families was increased to 94 and 114. *reviewed in References 1895 births 1958 deaths Linguists from Czechoslovakia Historical linguists Linguists of Indigenous lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiktionary
Wiktionary (, ; , ; rhyming with "dictionary") is a multilingual, web-based project to create a free content dictionary of terms (including words, phrases, proverbs, linguistic reconstructions, etc.) in all natural languages and in a number of artificial languages. These entries may contain definitions, images for illustration, pronunciations, etymologies, inflections, usage examples, quotations, related terms, and translations of terms into other languages, among other features. It is collaboratively edited via a wiki. Its name is a portmanteau of the words ''wiki'' and ''dictionary''. It is available in languages and in Simple English. Like its sister project Wikipedia, Wiktionary is run by the Wikimedia Foundation, and is written collaboratively by volunteers, dubbed "Wiktionarians". Its wiki software, MediaWiki, allows almost anyone with access to the website to create and edit entries. Because Wiktionary is not limited by print space considerations, most of Wiktiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiniguan Languages
The Tiniwan languages are two extinct Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ... and one moribund language of Colombia that form a small family. Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with Andaqui. Languages The Tiniwan languages are: * Tinigua (Tiniwa) * Pamigua (Pamiwa) †* Majigua †Nothing is known about Majigua (Campbell 2012). It was once spoken on the Ariari River in the Meta region of Colombia. Classification Though data on Pamigua is extremely limited, the relationship seems to be fairly close: Tinigua ''manaxaÃ'' 'walk!', Pamigua ''menáxa'' 'let's go!'. Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Tinigua and Pamigua. References Language families {{na-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
